Party patronage and party government in European democracies
In: Comparative politics
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In: Comparative politics
In: East European politics, Band 36, Heft 3, S. 315-317
ISSN: 2159-9173
In: Party Patronage and Party Government in European Democracies, S. 357-374
In: Társadalmi szemle: társadalomtudományi folyóirata, Band 50, Heft 7, S. 78-87
ISSN: 0039-971X
World Affairs Online
In: European journal of political research: official journal of the European Consortium for Political Research, Band 55, Heft 2, S. 416-431
ISSN: 1475-6765
AbstractThis Research Note presents a new dataset of party patronage in 22 countries from five regions. The data was collected using the same methodology to compare patterns of patronage within countries, across countries and across world regions that are usually studied separately. The Note addresses three research questions that are at the centre of debates on party patronage, which is understood as the power of political parties to make appointments to the public and semi‐public sector: the scope of patronage, the underlying motivations and the criteria on the basis of which appointees are selected. The exploration of the dataset shows that party patronage is, to a different degree, widespread across all regions. The data further shows differences between policy areas, types of institutions such as government ministries, agencies and state‐owned enterprises, and higher, middle and lower ranks of the bureaucracy. It is demonstrated that the political control of policy making and implementation is the most common motivation for making political appointments. However, in countries with a large scope of patronage, appointments serve the purpose of both political control and rewarding supporters in exchange for votes and services. Finally, the data shows that parties prefer to select appointees who are characterised by political and personal loyalty as well as professional competence.
In: European journal of political research: official journal of the European Consortium for Political Research, Band 55, Heft 2, S. 416-431
ISSN: 0304-4130
In: Party politics: an international journal for the study of political parties and political organizations, Band 10, Heft 2, S. 229-245
ISSN: 1460-3683
In: Journal of European Area Studies, Band 7, Heft 2, S. 247-274
In: Party politics: an international journal for the study of political parties and political organizations, Band 22, Heft 6, S. 661-678
ISSN: 1460-3683
This article introduces the first findings of the Political Party Database Project, a major survey of party organizations in parliamentary and semi-presidential democracies. The project's first round of data covers 122 parties in 19 countries. In this article, we describe the scope of the database, then investigate what it tells us about contemporary party organization in these countries, focusing on parties' resources, structures and internal decision-making. We examine organizational patterns by country and party family, and where possible we make temporal comparisons with older data sets. Our analyses suggest a remarkable coexistence of uniformity and diversity. In terms of the major organizational resources on which parties can draw, such as members, staff and finance, the new evidence largely confirms the continuation of trends identified in previous research: that is, declining membership, but enhanced financial resources and more paid staff. We also find remarkable uniformity regarding the core architecture of party organizations. At the same time, however, we find substantial variation between countries and party families in terms of their internal processes, with particular regard to how internally democratic they are, and the forms that this democratization takes.