Suchergebnisse

Introduction : what's in a name? / Caitlin Boulter, Roberta Medda-Windischer and Tove H. Malloy -- Deconstructing myths : what's in the debate on extending the scope of minority rights and policies to immigrants? / Francesco Palermo -- Francophone minorities in Canada : trapped between the new/old minority categories / Johanne Poirier -- Beyond legal categories of indigeneity and minority-ness : the case of Roma and falling in-between / Reetta Toivanen -- The moral of moral panic : minorities and migrants in Denmark, 1500-1915 / Garbi Schmidt -- The half-hearted protection of new religious minorities' fundamental rights in Europe : a glass half empty and a glass half full / Kristin Henrard -- Integratedness and deservingness : a perspective from Romanian Roma in Spain / Andreea Racles -- From security considerations to de-securitising the discourse on "old" and "new" minorities / Andrea Carlà.

Introduction / Rainer Hofmann, Tove H. Malloy and Detlev Rein -- Beyond adhocism : advancing minority rights through the United Nations / Antti Korkeakivi -- The protection of minority rights by the European Union : the European citizens' initiative as a test case / Gabriel N. Toggenburg -- Commentary of the preamble of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Alan Phillips -- Commentary of article 1 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minoritiess / Rainer Hofmann -- Commentary of article 2 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Rainer Hofmann -- Commentary of article 3 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Stephanie Marsal and Francesco Palermo -- Commentary of article 4 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Barbara Wilson -- Commentary of article 5 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Petra Roter -- Commentary of article 6 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Doris Angst -- Commentary of article 7 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Anna Fontaine -- Commentary of article 8 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Tove H. Malloy -- Commentary of article 9 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Gunther Rautz and Mahulena Hofmann -- Commentary of article 10 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Rainer Hofmann -- Commentary of article 11 of theFramework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Rainer Hofmann -- Commentary of article 12 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Sia Spiliopoulou Akermark -- Commentary of article 13 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Detlev Rein -- Commentary of article 14 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Brigitta Busch -- Commentary of article 15 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Tove H. Malloy -- Commentary of article 16 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Tove H. Malloy -- Commentary of articles 17 and 18 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Emma Lantschner -- Commentary of article 19 of theFramework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Rainer Hofmann -- Commentary of articles 20, 21, 22 and 23 of the framework / Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Hans-Joachim Heintze -- Commentary of articles 24-26 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Detlev Rein -- Commentary of article 27 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Detlev Rein -- Commentary of article 28 of Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Detlev Rein -- Commentary of article 29 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Detlev Rein -- Commentary of article 30 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Detlev Rein -- Commentary of article 31 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Detlev Rein -- Commentary of article 32 of the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities / Detlev Rein

Der Beitrag beleuchtet den möglichen Einfluss nationaler Minderheiten im politischen Entscheidungsprozess nach der EU-Erweiterung. In einem ersten Schritt wird zunächst das Mehrebenenmodell der Governance in der EU beschrieben, wodurch lokale und regionale Autoritäten eine stärkere Rolle in der EU-Politik einnehmen. So gliedert sich das politische System in drei Ebenen: die Ebene der Supranationalität, die Ebene der Mitgliedsstaaten sowie die Ebene der Regionen. Ferner werden die Begriffsbestimmung der so genannten nationalen Minderheitenregion (NMR) formuliert und die NMR-relevanten Themen im EU-Handlungskontext dargestellt. Der zweite Schritt umfasst die Grundzüge der 'Dritte-Ebene-Politik' der NMRs und deren Institutionen. Dazu gehören (1) das Komitee der Regionen, (2) die Kohäsionspolitik der EU, (3) Parteikoalitionen nationaler Minderheiten, (4) die Repräsentation in Brüssel sowie (5) die praktizierte Para-Diplomatie. Der dritte Schritt stellt sodann die bekanntesten NMRs in Europa vor, und zwar die flämische bzw. wallonische Gemeinschaft in Belgien. Im Anschluss folgen neben der Bretagne (Frankreich) neu hinzugekommene NMRs im Zuge der EU-Erweiterung in Estland, Lettland, Polen, Rumänien, Slowakei, Zypern und der Türkei. NMRs repräsentieren sowohl starke soziale als auch antagonistische kulturelle Kräfte in der EU. Somit haben die nationalen Minderheiten aufgrund ihrer Fähigkeit zur politischen Mobilisierung durchaus die Möglichkeit, die politische Landschaft der EU nachhaltig zu prägen. (ICG2)

This Open Access textbook is a result of the work of ENTAN – the European Non-Territorial Autonomy Network. It provides students with a comprehensive analysis of the different aspects and issues around the concept of non-territorial autonomy (NTA). The themes of each chapter have been selected to ensure a multi- and interdisciplinary overview of an emerging research field and show both in theory and in practice the possibilities of NTA in addressing cultural, ethnic, religious and language differences in contemporary societies. This is an open access book.

1. Introduction -- 2. The Concept of Non-Territorial Autonomy: Origins, Developments, and Subtypes -- 3. Origins and Early Implementations of Non-Territorial Autonomy -- 4. NTA and International Minority Rights -- 5. NTA as a Democratization Tool -- 6. Normative Principles and Non-territorial autonomy -- 7. The Politics of NTA -- 8. The legal and institutional context of NTA -- 9. The Many Faces of Minority Non-Territorial Autonomy -- 10. Cultural Autonomy as Non-Territorial Autonomy -- 11. Operationalizing Non-Territorial Autonomy: Indicators Assessing Mobilization For Empowerment.

The FCNM was received fairly well among the member states. Within the first two years after adoption 33 countries had signed the instrument. In the next two years another three countries signed, and since 1999 seven countries have signed. Some countries have decided not to sign. Among experts the reception of the FCNM was slightly different. Critics pointed out that an international instrument without a petition process and a strong power to sanction states would not have effect on the protection of beneficiaries. The ultimate power of the FCNM rests in the CM which issues country-specific resolutions on the basis of a monitoring process trusted to a group of experts, the Advisory Committee and a preliminary drafting trusted to one of the subsidiary groups of the CM, the Rapporteur Group on Human Rights (GR-H). The FCNM has developed a near consensus approach to the protection of persons belonging to national minorities. This consensus became pronounced also through the monitoring process and the CM was able to adopt resolutions within a reasonable length of time from the start of the monitoring. However, the second decade of the FCNM appears to show a different reality. There seems to be an increasing activity at the political level during the process of drafting the CM resolutions. This has slowed the monitoring process and given rise to concern that the FCNM is not enjoying the initial support that it did. The political process is the focus of this paper. This paper seeks to investigate the process in the GR-H, as well as examining which countries are experiencing a slower process and the issues raised.

The Nordic Region has enjoyed two centuries of peaceful co-existence that are worth highlighting and learning from. As a result, the Nordic autonomous regions have attracted considerable attention in recent years. There is significant international interest in their experiences, including their experience of territorial autonomy. In a world that appears increasingly troubling, the autonomy of the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Åland is worth studying from the perspective of conflict resolution. It seems important to examine the marked development that these autonomous regions have undergone and the success they have had in finding solutions to the conflicts that have arisen – not just from a Nordic perspective, but also from a wider international point of view. The conclusions of a comparative study of the autonomous regions' legal, economic, and security policy developments are presented here. The complete study can be ordered from The Åland Islands Peace Institute at www.peace.ax