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The human security agenda is described as the latest attempt to challenge state-centered conceptions of security. It has served to open debates on humanitarian intervention as well as the responsibility of sovereign states to protect their populations. Within the range of broad to narrow conceptions of human security, there is agreement that security from imminent threat of violence is a valid goal, but other goals of broader conceptions, especially at the declaratory level, create unease among states, including the US, that perceive human security as encroaching on their sovereignty & freedom of action. This article seeks to ascertain the extent to which human security has been integrated in institutional discourses & practices by examining the human security concerns reflected discursively by the UN mission in Haiti (UNMIH), 1993-1995, & the UN Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), 2003-2005. They conclusions are mixed, but they are not meant to be an indictment of the human security framework. Rather, they are intended to introduce some caution in its implementation. The case of Haiti, where little long-term change has been effected by these missions, calls for a reevaluation of what can realistically be achieved in a given situation. Tables. J. Stanton

A third of the estimated 600,000 IDPs in Sri Lanka live in areas controlled by the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Elam (LTTE). Displaced people within these so-called 'un-cleared' or 'liberated areas' (terms used by the Sri Lankan government & the LTTE respectively) are at special risk. Their situation highlights the difficulties of assessing protection & assistance in the context of conflict. Adapted from the source document.

While widely considered a core pillar of the peace and security architecture, Security Sector Reform (SSR) is coming under fire. SSR theory and practice are criticized for being overly focused on traditional conflict and post-conflict settings and for being unable to adjust to unconventional settings marked by chronic crime and terrorism. SSR tends to be disproportionately focused on national institutions and less amenable to engaging at the subnational scale. Drawing on the experiences of so-called 'citizen security' measures in cities across Latin America and the Caribbean, this paper offers some opportunities for renewing and revitalizing SSR. The emphasis of citizen security interventions on multiple forms of insecurity, data-driven and evidence-informed prevention, the promotion of social cohesion and efficacy and designing crime prevention into the social and built environment are all insights that can positively reinforce comprehensive SSR measures in the 21st century

While widely considered a core pillar of the peace and security architecture, Security Sector Reform (SSR) is coming under fire. SSR theory and practice are criticized for being overly focused on traditional conflict and post-conflict settings and for being unable to adjust to unconventional settings marked by chronic crime and terrorism. SSR tends to be disproportionately focused on national institutions and less amenable to engaging at the subnational scale. Drawing on the experiences of so-called 'citizen security' measures in cities across Latin America and the Caribbean, this paper offers some opportunities for renewing and revitalizing SSR. The emphasis of citizen security interventions on multiple forms of insecurity, data-driven and evidence-informed prevention, the promotion of social cohesion and efficacy and designing crime prevention into the social and built environment are all insights that can positively reinforce comprehensive SSR measures in the 21st century.

Latin America is one of the world's most digitally connected regions, and also its most violent. Some governments and civil societies are evolving innovative and dynamic approaches to address the challenges of violence by taking advantage of expanding connectivity. New information and communication technologies (ICTs) are being mobilized to strengthen the voice and capabilities of citizens and institutions to promote safety and security. Public and private actors are designing and applying innovative digital platforms and analytical tools to map insecurity online and off. This article reviews the emerging character and shape of digitally enhanced violence prevention in Latin America, drawing primarily on the cases of Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico. It presents insights on the wider outcomes and drawbacks of these activities, and sets out some lessons learned and recommendations for future action.

There are uncanny similarities between Rio de Janeiro's pacification strategy and ongoing counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan and elsewhere.