Suchergebnisse

Die Digitalisierung bietet viel Potenzial für die Wasser- und Abwasserwirtschaft. Mit einer professionellen Software-Plattform lassen sich Serviceprozesse automatisieren und beschleunigen sowie wichtige Kenngrößen der Erzeugung und Bereitstellung überwachen.

Handbook of research on safety and security issues in technical infrastructures / David Rehak, VSB, Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic / Ales Bernatik, VSB, Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic, Zdenek Dvorak, University of Zilina, Slovakia / Martin Hromada, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Czech Republic -- Industrial occupational safety : Industry 4.0 upcoming challenges / Susana da Costa, University of Minho, Portugal, Nélson Costa, University of Minho, Portugal -- Explosion process safety / Dieter Gabel, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Germany.

Crisis management must provide data to allow for real-time decision-making. Accurate data is especially needed to minimize the risk of critical infrastructure failure. Research into the possible impacts of critical infrastructure failure is a part of developing a functional and secure infrastructure for each nation state. Road transport is one such sector that has a significant impact on its functions. When this fails, there may be a cascading spread of impacts on the energy, health, and other sectors. In this regard, this paper focuses on the dynamic modeling of the impacts of critical road infrastructure failures. It proposes a dynamic modeling system based on a stochastic approach. Its essence is the macroscopic model-based comparative analysis of a road with a critical element and detour roads. The outputs of this system are planning documents that determine the impacts of functional parameter degradation on detour roads—not only applicable in decision-making concerning the selection of the optimal detour road, but also as a support mechanism in minimising possible risks. In this article we aim to expand the extent of knowledge in the Crisis management and critical infrastructure protection in the road transport sector fields.

<i>Aim:</i> To determine the prevalence of, and factors associated with, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the population of Czech injecting drug users (IDUs). <i>Design:</i> Multicentric cross-sectional study. <i>Setting:</i> A convenience sample of injecting drug users was recruited using the snowball sampling method. <i>Participants:</i> Sample of 760 IDUs from 9 different Czech regions. <i>Measurement:</i> We used one-drop instant blood tests to determine the anti-HCV antibodies status; a structured questionnaire was completed during the interview with the researcher. We calculated the ratio of positive findings and performed univariate analyses of correlations between predictors and independent variables. Finally, we created a logistic regression model that controlled for age, region of residence, reported sharing of injection paraphernalia, and length of injection drug use and for the interaction between length of injection use and imprisonmentin order to assess the predictive value of imprisonment in an individual's history. <i>Findings:</i> 226 participants (29.74% of the tested sample) were found to be anti-HCV positive. After adjusting for the sensitivity of the test, the 'true proportion' was 34.97% (95% CI: 31.56–38.35). Many correlated independent variables were found in the univariate analyses. In our logistic regression model, we have found that imprisonment increases the odds of being anti-HCV positive by a factor of 4.3. <i>Conclusion:</i> Anti-HCV seroprevalence remains relatively low in the Czech IDUs population compared to similar populations in the developed countries. Regional differences exist in anti-HCV prevalence within the Czech Republic. The strong association of anti-HCV prevalence with imprisonment history when controlled for other potentially clinically important factors suggests the need for more effective preventive measures in Czech prisons.

The U.S. Bureau of Mines (USBM) was established on July 1, 1910 with a mission to address the previous decade's coal mine fatality incidence rate of greater than 2,000 annually. The need for federal government involvement to assure dependable and safe mine rescue respirators was recognized by the USBM with the first respirator approval being issued in 1919. Prior to this, some occupations exposed individuals to inhalation hazards. Firefighters, in particular, had a critical need of respiratory protection. This article provides a brief summary of pre-World War I (WWI) (1914 to 1918) respiratory protection for firefighters based largely on the work of Bruce J. Held. Also discussed is the then newly established United States Bureau of Mines' (USBM) role with the U.S. War Department during WWI for protection against chemical warfare agents.