Suchergebnisse

Die Arbeit zielt auf die Identifizierung von Chancen und Herausforderungen, die sich für die Gestaltung einer gesundheitsförderlichen Kita aus Sicht von Müttern mit unterschiedlichem Sozialstatus ergeben. Es handelt sich bei der Arbeit um eine Sekundäranalyse. 121 Interviews konnten in die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring einbezogen werden. Die Kategorien wurden sowohl theoriegeleitet deduktiv gebildet als auch im Kodierprozess induktiv ergänzt. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen das hohe Potenzial des Kita-Settings für die Gesundheitsförderung und zeigen, dass Mütter sowohl Bedarfe an die Kita adressieren als auch die sich ergebenden Unterstützungs- und Vermittlungschancen schätzen. Allerdings verweisen die Ergebnisse auf eine ungleiche Verteilung der personalen sowie sozialen Ressourcen und Bewältigungsstrategien und daraus resultierende differente Bedarfe. Gesundheitsförderung im Setting Kita muss zunächst auf der strukturellen Ebene ansetzen und eine machtsensible und vorurteilsbewusste Ausgestaltung der interaktionalen Ebene sowie die Initiierung diversitätssensibler Maßnahmen und Angebote sicherstellen.

Die Arbeit zielt auf die Identifizierung von Chancen und Herausforderungen, die sich für die Gestaltung einer gesundheitsförderlichen Kita aus Sicht von Müttern mit unterschiedlichem Sozialstatus ergeben. Es handelt sich bei der Arbeit um eine Sekundäranalyse. 121 Interviews konnten in die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring einbezogen werden. Die Kategorien wurden sowohl theoriegeleitet deduktiv gebildet als auch im Kodierprozess induktiv ergänzt. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen das hohe Potenzial des Kita-Settings für die Gesundheitsförderung und zeigen, dass Mütter sowohl Bedarfe an die Kita adressieren als auch die sich ergebenden Unterstützungs- und Vermittlungschancen schätzen. Allerdings verweisen die Ergebnisse auf eine ungleiche Verteilung der personalen sowie sozialen Ressourcen und Bewältigungsstrategien und daraus resultierende differente Bedarfe. Gesundheitsförderung im Setting Kita muss zunächst auf der strukturellen Ebene ansetzen und eine machtsensible und vorurteilsbewusste Ausgestaltung der interaktionalen Ebene sowie die Initiierung diversitätssensibler Maßnahmen und Angebote sicherstellen.

School tobacco policies (STPs) are a crucial strategy to reduce adolescents smoking. Existing studies have investigated STPs predominantly from a school-related 'insider' view. Yet, little is known about barriers that are not identified from the 'schools' perspective', such as perceptions of local stakeholders. Forty-six expert interviews from seven European cities with stakeholders at the local level (e.g. representatives of regional health departments, youth protection and the field of addiction prevention) were included. The analysis of the expert interviews revealed different barriers that should be considered during the implementation of STPs. These barriers can be subsumed under the following: (i) Barriers regarding STP legislature (e.g. inconsistencies, partial bans), (ii) collaboration and cooperation problems between institutions and schools, (iii) low priority of smoking prevention and school smoking bans, (iv) insufficient human resources and (v) resistance among smoking students and students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Our findings on the expert's perspective indicate a need to enhance and implement comprehensive school smoking bans. Furthermore, collaboration and cooperation between schools and external institutions should be fostered and strengthened, and adequate human resources should be provided.

School tobacco policies (STPs) are a crucial strategy to reduce adolescents smoking. Existing studies have investigated STPs predominantly from a school-related 'insider' view. Yet, little is known about barriers that are not identified from the 'schools' perspective', such as perceptions of local stakeholders. Forty-six expert interviews from seven European cities with stakeholders at the local level (e.g. representatives of regional health departments, youth protection and the field of addiction prevention) were included. The analysis of the expert interviews revealed different barriers that should be considered during the implementation of STPs. These barriers can be subsumed under the following: (i) Barriers regarding STP legislature (e.g. inconsistencies, partial bans), (ii) collaboration and cooperation problems between institutions and schools, (iii) low priority of smoking prevention and school smoking bans, (iv) insufficient human resources and (v) resistance among smoking students and students from disadvantaged backgrounds. Our findings on the expert's perspective indicate a need to enhance and implement comprehensive school smoking bans. Furthermore, collaboration and cooperation between schools and external institutions should be fostered and strengthened, and adequate human resources should be provided.

This study aimed to assess where European adolescents smoke. Data of 2,140 13-19-year-olds from 55 secondary schools in seven European cities was analysed using multilevel logistic regression analyses. Adolescents most often reported regularly smoking in 'other public locations (e.g., streets and parks)' (69%) and friends' homes (50%). Adolescents were less likely to smoke in bars, at school or at home when exposed to strong smoking bans at these locations. Bans on smoking in bars or at home were associated with regular smoking in other public locations, suggesting that smoking may have displaced towards these locations. ; publishersversion ; published

BACKGROUND: Studies comparing adolescent e-cigarette use in different countries are scarce. We study students' e-cigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, their social correlates and e-liquid use in seven EU countries. METHODS: SILNE-R data (N=12 167, response rate 79.4%) of 14-17-year-olds from Amersfoort (NL), Coimbra (PT), Dublin (IR), Hanover (GE), Latina (IT), Namur (BE) and Tampere (FI) were used. E-cigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, dual-use, type of e-liquid and social correlates were measured with a school survey and analyzed with cross-tabulations and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: About 34% had tried e-cigarettes, but the variation was large between the cities (Latina 50%; Hanover 23%). Of e-cigarette ever-users, 37% had used nicotine e-liquid, 43% exclusively non-nicotine liquid and 20% did not know the content. Nicotine e-liquid was more prevalent among monthly e-cigarette users and weekly smoking e-cigarette users. The social correlates were mainly the same for exclusive e-cigarette ever-use, exclusive conventional cigarette ever-use and dual-use. Boys had greater odds for exclusive e-cigarette and dual-use compared to girls. Of social correlates, low academic achievement and parental smoking were positively associated with all categories of use, but parental education and immigrant background were not. The strongest association was found between peer smoking (most/all best friends smoke) and dual-use (OR 34.29). CONCLUSIONS: Students' e-cigarette ever-use varies greatly between EU countries. E-cigarettes seem not to be a substitute for conventional cigarettes but more a complementary product. Tobacco control policies might also prevent e-cigarette use but specific regulations on e-cigarettes are needed to prevent nicotine addiction originating from them. ; publishedVersion ; Peer reviewed

Hintergrund: Seit Beginn der 2000er-Jahre ist der Anteil der Jugendlichen, die rauchen, in Deutschland deutlich zurückgegangen. Vorliegende Daten weisen jedoch auf erhebliche Unterschiede im Rauchverhalten von Schülern unterschiedlicher Schulformen hin. Der Beitrag untersucht, wie sich Bildungsunterschiede im Rauchverhalten von Jugendlichen im Zeitverlauf entwickelt haben. Methodik: Als Datengrundlage werden 4 bevölkerungsweite Studien herangezogen, die von 2001 bis 2015 wiederholt Querschnittdaten erhoben haben: die Repräsentativerhebungen der Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung, die Studie zur Gesundheit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland, die Studie Health Behaviour in School-aged Children sowie die Europäische Schülerstudie zu Alkohol und anderen Drogen. Je nach Studie werden unterschiedliche Altersgruppen (innerhalb der Altersspanne 11–17 Jahre) und Indikatoren des Rauchverhaltens betrachtet. Die Jugendlichen werden gemäß ihrer besuchten Schulform zu Bildungsgruppen zusammengefasst. Absolute und relative Bildungsunterschiede werden in Form von Prävalenzdifferenzen bzw. Prävalenzverhältnissen berichtet. Ergebnisse: Trotz methodisch unterschiedlicher Zugänge zeigen alle 4 Studien, dass der Raucheranteil unter den Jugendlichen in allen Bildungsgruppen signifikant zurückgegangen ist. Jugendliche, die ein Gymnasium besuchen, rauchen deutlich seltener als Gleichaltrige an anderen Schulformen. Während die absoluten Bildungsunterschiede im Rauchverhalten von Jugendlichen zumeist abgenommen haben, sind die relativen Bildungsunterschiede in der Regel konstant geblieben oder haben sogar zugenommen. Diskussion: Rückläufige Prävalenzen sprechen dafür, dass das Rauchen bei Jugendlichen an Attraktivität verloren hat. Zudem könnten die Befunde ein Indiz für die Wirksamkeit tabakkontrollpolitischer Maßnahmen wie Steuererhöhungen, Rauchverbote und die Anhebung der Altersgrenze für den Erwerb von Tabakprodukten sein. Da die relativen Bildungsunterschiede im Rauchverhalten von Jugendlichen bislang jedoch ...

© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. ; BACKGROUND: Studies comparing adolescent e-cigarette use in different countries are scarce. We study students' e-cigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, their social correlates and e-liquid use in seven EU countries. METHODS: SILNE-R data (N=12 167, response rate 79.4%) of 14-17-year-olds from Amersfoort (NL), Coimbra (PT), Dublin (IR), Hanover (GE), Latina (IT), Namur (BE) and Tampere (FI) were used. E-cigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, dual-use, type of e-liquid and social correlates were measured with a school survey and analyzed with cross-tabulations and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: About 34% had tried e-cigarettes, but the variation was large between the cities (Latina 50%; Hanover 23%). Of e-cigarette ever-users, 37% had used nicotine e-liquid, 43% exclusively non-nicotine liquid and 20% did not know the content. Nicotine e-liquid was more prevalent among monthly e-cigarette users and weekly smoking e-cigarette users. The social correlates were mainly the same for exclusive e-cigarette ever-use, exclusive conventional cigarette ever-use and dual-use. Boys had greater odds for exclusive e-cigarette and dual-use compared to girls. Of social correlates, low academic achievement and parental smoking were positively associated with all categories of use, but parental education and immigrant background were not. The strongest association was found between peer smoking (most/all best friends smoke) and dual-use (OR 34.29). CONCLUSIONS: Students' e-cigarette ever-use varies greatly between EU countries. E-cigarettes seem not to be a substitute for conventional cigarettes but more a complementary product. Tobacco control policies might also prevent e-cigarette use but specific regulations on e-cigarettes are needed to prevent nicotine addiction originating from them. ; publishersversion ; published

Background: Studies comparing adolescent e-cigarette use in different countries are scarce. We study students' ecigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, their social correlates and e-liquid use in seven EU countries. Methods: SILNE-R data (N¼12 167, response rate 79.4%) of 14–17-year-olds from Amersfoort (NL), Coimbra (PT), Dublin (IR), Hanover (GE), Latina (IT), Namur (BE) and Tampere (FI) were used. E-cigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, dual-use, type of e-liquid and social correlates were measured with a school survey and analyzed with cross-tabulations and multinomial logistic regression. Results: About 34% had tried e-cigarettes, but the variation was large between the cities (Latina 50%; Hanover 23%). Of e-cigarette ever-users, 37% had used nicotine e-liquid, 43% exclusively non-nicotine liquid and 20% did not know the content. Nicotine e-liquid was more prevalent among monthly e-cigarette users and weekly smoking e-cigarette users. The social correlates were mainly the same for exclusive e-cigarette ever-use, exclusive conventional cigarette ever-use and dual-use. Boys had greater odds for exclusive e-cigarette and dual-use compared to girls. Of social correlates, low academic achievement and parental smoking were positively associated with all categories of use, but parental education and immigrant background were not. The strongest association was found between peer smoking (most/all best friends smoke) and dual-use (OR 34.29). Conclusions: Students' e-cigarette ever-use varies greatly between EU countries. E-cigarettes seem not to be a substitute for conventional cigarettes but more a complementary product. Tobacco control policies might also prevent e-cigarette use but specific regulations on e-cigarettes are needed to prevent nicotine addiction originating from them.

Background: Studies comparing adolescent e-cigarette use in different countries are scarce. We study students' ecigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, their social correlates and e-liquid use in seven EU countries. Methods: SILNE-R data (N¼12 167, response rate 79.4%) of 14–17-year-olds from Amersfoort (NL), Coimbra (PT), Dublin (IR), Hanover (GE), Latina (IT), Namur (BE) and Tampere (FI) were used. E-cigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, dual-use, type of e-liquid and social correlates were measured with a school survey and analyzed with cross-tabulations and multinomial logistic regression. Results: About 34% had tried e-cigarettes, but the variation was large between the cities (Latina 50%; Hanover 23%). Of e-cigarette ever-users, 37% had used nicotine e-liquid, 43% exclusively non-nicotine liquid and 20% did not know the content. Nicotine e-liquid was more prevalent among monthly e-cigarette users and weekly smoking e-cigarette users. The social correlates were mainly the same for exclusive e-cigarette ever-use, exclusive conventional cigarette ever-use and dual-use. Boys had greater odds for exclusive e-cigarette and dual-use compared to girls. Of social correlates, low academic achievement and parental smoking were positively associated with all categories of use, but parental education and immigrant background were not. The strongest association was found between peer smoking (most/all best friends smoke) and dual-use (OR 34.29). Conclusions: Students' e-cigarette ever-use varies greatly between EU countries. E-cigarettes seem not to be a substitute for conventional cigarettes but more a complementary product. Tobacco control policies might also prevent e-cigarette use but specific regulations on e-cigarettes are needed to prevent nicotine addiction originating from them.

BACKGROUND: Studies comparing adolescent e-cigarette use in different countries are scarce. We study students' e-cigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, their social correlates and e-liquid use in seven EU countries. METHODS: SILNE-R data (N=12 167, response rate 79.4%) of 14–17-year-olds from Amersfoort (NL), Coimbra (PT), Dublin (IR), Hanover (GE), Latina (IT), Namur (BE) and Tampere (FI) were used. E-cigarette and conventional cigarette ever-use, dual-use, type of e-liquid and social correlates were measured with a school survey and analyzed with cross-tabulations and multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: About 34% had tried e-cigarettes, but the variation was large between the cities (Latina 50%; Hanover 23%). Of e-cigarette ever-users, 37% had used nicotine e-liquid, 43% exclusively non-nicotine liquid and 20% did not know the content. Nicotine e-liquid was more prevalent among monthly e-cigarette users and weekly smoking e-cigarette users. The social correlates were mainly the same for exclusive e-cigarette ever-use, exclusive conventional cigarette ever-use and dual-use. Boys had greater odds for exclusive e-cigarette and dual-use compared to girls. Of social correlates, low academic achievement and parental smoking were positively associated with all categories of use, but parental education and immigrant background were not. The strongest association was found between peer smoking (most/all best friends smoke) and dual-use (OR 34.29). CONCLUSIONS: Students' e-cigarette ever-use varies greatly between EU countries. E-cigarettes seem not to be a substitute for conventional cigarettes but more a complementary product. Tobacco control policies might also prevent e-cigarette use but specific regulations on e-cigarettes are needed to prevent nicotine addiction originating from them.