Socio-Economic Composition and Pay and Resources in Second Chambers
In: The journal of legislative studies, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 27-38
ISSN: 1743-9337
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In: The journal of legislative studies, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 27-38
ISSN: 1743-9337
In: The Role of the Member of Parliament Since 1868, S. 52-75
In: Parliamentary affairs: a journal of representative politics, Band 54, Heft 1, S. 162-166
ISSN: 0031-2290
In: Parliamentary affairs: a journal of representative politics, Band 54, Heft 1, S. 162-166
ISSN: 0031-2290
In: The journal of legislative studies, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 27-38
ISSN: 1357-2334
Although less information is available on the socioeconomic composition of second chambers & the resources available to their members than is the case for first chambers, there is sufficient data to allow useful comparisons to be made. Members of second chambers tend to be older, partly because of widespread minimum age qualifications & partly because of different political career patterns. Women are generally under-represented, but are more numerous where PR systems & some appointment systems facilitate their membership. Socioeconomically, members of second chambers are overwhelmingly middle class. Most are regarded as full-time & consequently fully salaried, with appropriate pension schemes. They are generally well-resourced. However, the German Bundesrat, the UK House of Lords, & the Irish Senate are, to varying degrees, exceptions. Overall, in terms of composition & resources, first & second chambers have much in common. The major exception is the House of Lords. 6 Tables. Adapted from the source document.
In: Parliamentary affairs: a journal of representative politics, Band 54, Heft 2, S. 391
ISSN: 0031-2290
In: Parliamentary affairs: a journal of representative politics, Band 54, Heft 2, S. 177-403
ISSN: 0031-2290
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In: Parliamentary affairs: a journal of representative politics, Band 54, Heft 1, S. 162-166
ISSN: 0031-2290