Suchergebnisse

Explores the nature and causes of individual differences in the use of feeling thermometer items to evaluate social groups. The conclusion is that some sort of adjustment is probably useful for those studying supporters of conservative groups, though such a procedure may not be needed for those who focus on liberal groups. (Abstract amended)

Do the distinctive promilitary values of military personnel arise out of socialization during military training & service, or from prior differences in values & beliefs among those who enter military service? Questionnaire data from high school seniors in 10 classes, 1976-1985, collected during large-scale surveys (N not given), clearly support the self-selection interpretation; those expecting to serve, especially those expecting to lead military careers, were consistently more promilitary than their classmates. The largest differences involved perceptions of military job opportunities; views on military supremacy, intervention, & obedience also differed, but less sharply. These findings replicate earlier research, suggesting that self-selection is dominant & that actual service may not substantially alter prior attitude differences. An all-volunteer force containing numerous careerists raises the question of a separate military ethos. 2 Tables, 1 Figure. Modified HA

THIS PAPER INTRODUCES AND TESTS EIGHT EXPLANATIONS OF TAX REVOLT SUCCESS IN THE AMERICAN STATES. THE POINT OF THE PAPER IS TO TRY TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN THE 18 STATES IN WHICH TAX REVOLTS HAVE OCCURRED (ACCORDING TO CRITERIA DEVELOPED IN THIS PAPER AND THE 32 STATES IN WHICH SUCCESSFUL TAX REVOLTS HAVE NOT TAKEN PLACE. OF ALL THE EXPLANATIONS THAT ARE CONSIDERED, NONE WORKS VERY WELL. THE BEST SHOWING IS MADE BY THE DIFFUSION OF INNOVATIONS EXPLANATION WHICH POINTS FUTURE ANALYSIS OF MASS-BASED MOVEMENTS SUCH AS THE TAX REVOLT TOWARD FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE DIFFUSION FRAMEWORK LAID OUT BY WALKER, GRAY, AND OTHERS.

Data from the 1980 and 1984 American National Election Studies are used to explore changes in the level and sources of popular support for the Moral Majority. In contrast to the prevailing image of a movement whose once-considerable public support has now deteriorated, the data analyzed here reveal an overriding stability in affect toward the Moral Majority. (Original abstract)

A review of John Hoberman's Darwin's Athletes: How Sport Has Damaged Black America and Preserved the Myth of Race (1997) argues that it reinforces stereotypes of black intellectual inferiority & physical/athletic superiority. It is argued that such "pseudoscientific" analysis reinforces racist ideas & myths. Hoberman fails to acknowledge several positive examples academic performance among black athletes, & grossly misquotes black leaders & intellectuals. 12 References. Adapted from the source document.

Analyses support for a proposition on the 1986 California election ballot that would have declared AIDS a contagious disease. Suggests that those favouring a quarantine were likely to have received little education, to be Christians, and to identify with conservative political values. (Abstract amended)