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Urban fringe is an active expanding belt, indicating urban-rural interaction processes. Previous studies have attempted to define urban fringe as the transitional area between urban and rural areas, but there is a lack of quantitative analysis of the periphery boundaries. We developed a novel, the Spatial Segmentation Model (SSM), to detect the extent of urban fringe via calculating the share of the built-up land. Within the urban fringe, we statistically compared the number of built-up patches in each direction and described four urban expanding patterns (stable, sprawling, leaping, and mixing patterns) indicated by the empirical analysis. The results show that this model can reliably detect the urban fringe and could reveal urban growth characteristics. We find the spatial territory changes are highly relative with transport infrastructures in Harbin. Meanwhile, the roads density in the urban core are higher than in the urban fringe. Especially for city roads, roads density in the urban core is more than 4 times higher than in the urban fringe. The growth of the urban fringe is closely related to the development of social economies as well as the space policies and development plans designed by governments. Similar to the post-industry cities worldwide, Harbin should take action to address population decline. Effective land-use and suitable urban growth strategies play an important role in alleviating urban shrinkage. Thus, understanding the dynamics, urban expanding patterns, and driving factors in the urban fringe can help us form a basis for future urban development.

The core concern of this book is the potential use of taxation and related measures to foster climate-helpful, large-scale change within East Asia. The contributing authors examine key issues such as how Greater China, for instance, confronts severe environmental problems which are a direct product of several decades of remarkable economic growth. The detailed analysis in this book identifies a range of green taxation guidelines for East Asia as it seeks to drive down striking levels of environmental degradation - and tackle the climate change challenge. Addressing an important need in the pub

Agricultural enterprises can establish and maintain good relationships with external stakeholders by fulfilling their own CSR, and obtain key external knowledge and important external resources through these relationship channels, and then realize their own technological innovation and promotion. At the same time, relevant management personnel of agricultural enterprises should pay attention to the issue of CSR input intensity in the process of fulfilling CSR, and should try to avoid getting into relationships with these stakeholders due to excessive reliance on CSR to meet the demands of relevant external stakeholders. In this way, it brings unnecessary costs to the technological innovation activities of enterprises, and ultimately leads to the reduction of innovation efficiency and performance. This article puts forward the research on the impact of agricultural corporate social responsibility on the continuous innovation of the enterprise itself. Agricultural enterprises are considering CSR as a means to promote corporate technological innovation and are investing in it. Relevant managers must first think about whether there are some inert factors in the company, including outdated organizational processes and organizational practices. Once such inert factors are discovered, in order to ensure that the company's investment in CSR can finally be effectively transformed into corporate technology Innovative performance, it is necessary for relevant managers to take some targeted actions in the specific practice process to overcome the negative effects of these inertia factors.