Suchergebnisse

This cross-cultural study explores the relationship between wives' unemployment and marital quality in reforming urban China. Using random survey data from Chengdu (N = 300), we estimate the effects of wives' unemployment, changing marital dynamics, and spousal responses to the wife's unemployment on marital affection and marital tension. Under the guidance of an integrated theoretical framework, our ordered logistic and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression results show that the wives' unemployment and subsequent economic hardship, the deteriorated mother-child relationship, the husbands' negative responses, and the wives' symptoms of psychological distress have deleterious effects on urban Chinese marriages. Moreover, our ancillary analyses indicate that the wives' unemployment is indirectly associated with marital affection through the husband's negative responses to the wife's unemployment. This result suggests that from the husband's perspective the wife's economic contributions and co-breadwinner role are vitally important for urban Chinese marriages. We conclude that as anticipated the wife's unemployment is indeed negatively associated with marital quality in reforming urban China.

Environmental pollution has become the bottlenecking of the sustainable economic development of China. The business-as-usual energy system in China is not suitable for sustainable need. It is well known that China has to use coal as the main primary energy for quite a long term. Under such special conditions, it is an urgent strategic problem to be studied and carried out step by step from now on to plan and construct the integrated sustainable energy system with optimal benefits in resource and energy utilization and environmental emission. By introducing the international study and new development in sustainable energy systems, this paper put forward that poly-generation strategy based on coal gasification is the trend for future development of our domestic energy industry. The framework of poly generation system based on oxygen blown gasification is described and its benefits are analyzed. Finally, the starting procedure, government role and policies for the implementing of poly-generation strategy in China are proposed.

Cyber-Terrorism continues to confront the country with security threats. Since the September 11 attack, academia has not fully implemented in educational offerings a deterrence strategy satisfactory to the government. Though the National Security Agency has introduced Centers of Academic Excellence in Information Assurance Education, as an appropriate education program, there are only a small number of schools in the country that have enabled their offerings through this program. The focus of this study is to explore in survey the critical failure factors impacting the implementation of Centers of Academic Excellence education in academic institutions, by initially sampling schools in the Northeast Corridor of the United States. This study contributes to the discussion of important considerations for academic and governmental officials to further enable security strategy in this era of the cyber-terrorist.

In various regions of the world, there is an urgent need to address energy challenges by accelerating the transformation of energy and industrial systems. The problem is quite complex in rapidly developing composite regions, with the necessity to coordinate the dynamic development of energy and industry in several heterogeneous subregions. Through a typical case study on the Beijing&ndash ; Tianjin&ndash ; Hebei (BTH) region, this study attempts to form a referable methodology for the coordinated development of energy and industry for the sustainable development of rapidly developing composite regions. The concept of an Integrated strategy of Sustainable development objectives, Decision-making systems, Operation systems, and Physical systems (I-SDOP) is proposed to describe the multilayer dynamics of complex energy and industrial systems. A five-step I-SDOP analysis is conducted to determine an integrated strategy for the coordinated development of energy and industry in the BTH region, based on the analysis of its sustainable development objectives, decision-making systems, operation systems, and physical systems. The results indicate the importance of innovation sources and extensive communications to promote market reform and engineering projects that fulfill the strong political wills and strategic plans of China&rsquo ; s central government.

This open access book introduces a multi-disciplinary and comprehensive research on China's long-term low-carbon emission strategies and pathways. After comprehensively considering China's own socioeconomic conditions, policy design, energy mix, and other macro-development trends and needs, the research team has proposed suggestions on China's low-carbon development strategies and pathways until 2050, with required technologies and policies in order to realize the goals of building a great modern socialist country and a beautiful China. These achievements are in conjunction with the climate goals set in the Paris Agreement alongside Global Sustainable Development. The authors hope that the research findings can serve as a reference for all sectors of Chinese society in their climate research efforts, offer support for the formulation and implementation of china's national low-carbon development strategies and policies, and help the world to better understand China's story in the general trend of global green and low-carbon development.