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A comment on Niklas Luhmann's "Politics and Economy" (1998 [originally published in Merkur, 1995, 556, July]), which stresses the growing distance between national politics & the global economy. This distance is taken to be asymmetrical, in that the economy has become increasingly capable of restructuring itself from within, while the autonomy of politics is more defensive. In the past, economic forces were effectively translated into the political parties. It was on the basis of the distinction between government & opposition that party pluralism became operative in state structures. According to Luhmann, the center of the global economy has shifted from production to finance, a fact that deeply troubles his binary conception of the state, the economy, & politics. Not only has the growth of the finance economy eroded the distinction between possession & nonpossession -- &, thus, the distinction between capital & labor -- it has also severely affected the differentiation of the political sphere into labor & capitalist parties. It is concluded that future scenarios are likely to reflect the aggravated incompetence of the global economy, & the outcome of this aggravation will likely depend on the coalitions formed in different spheres of life in response to this crisis. D. Ryfe

We carry out magnetohydrodynamical simulations with flash of the formation of a single, a tight binary (a ∼ 2.5 au) and a wide binary star (a ∼ 45 au). We study the outflows and jets from these systems to understand the contributions the circumstellar and circumbinary discs have on the efficiency and morphology of the outflow. In the single star and tight binary case, we obtain a single pair of jets launched from the system, while in the wide binary case, two pairs of jets are observed. This implies that in the tight binary case, the contribution of the circumbinary disc on the outflow is greater than that in the wide binary case. We also find that the single star case is the most efficient at transporting mass, linear and angular momentum from the system, while the wide binary case is less efficient ( ∼ 50 per cent, ∼ 33 per cent, ∼ 42 per cent of the respective quantities in the single star case). The tight binary's efficiency falls between the other two cases ( ∼ 71 per cent, ∼66 per cent, ∼87 per cent of the respective quantities in the single star case). By studying the magnetic field structure, we deduce that the outflows in the single star and tight binary star case are magnetocentrifugally driven, whereas in the wide binary star case, the outflows are driven by a magnetic pressure gradient. ; RK would like to thank the Australian Government and the financial support provided by the Australian Postgraduate Award. CF gratefully acknowledges funding provided by the Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects (grants DP150104329 and DP170100603).

This thesis describes a method that optimally deploys weather sensors of all types in a battlefield environment. Gridded climatology models are used to determine an estimate for the weighted frequency of occurrence of operationally significant inclement weather events. That data is used to formulate a series of preemptive Binary Integer Linear Programs that maximize detection of expected operationally significant inclement weather occurrences within the constraints of feasibility of sensor deployment, sensor operational lifespan and the sensor's ability to detect the operationally significant inclement weather elements. The preemptive Binary Integer Linear Programs are combined into a single objective function that maintains the preemptive nature of the original objective functions. The BILP solutions are described as a meteorology and oceanographic collection plan supporting a particular military campaign. A method for sensitivity analysis of differing BILP optimal solutions is provided. Various realistic instances of the problem are solved to optimality and analyzed to demonstrate that the problem formulation accurately captures all aspects of the problem. This type of analysis was not possible before this methodology was developed.

"A definitive guide to ageing for and about trans and non-binary individuals, whose needs are often underrepresented, misunderstood and overlooked. This book provides support to those navigating the systems not designed with them in mind, and demonstrates how practice can be adapted to better support their needs"--

The use of autonomous systems is becoming increasingly common in many fields. A significant example of this is the ambition to deploy UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) for both civil and military applications. In order for autonomous systems such as these to operate effectively they must be capable of making decisions regarding the appropriate future course of their mission responding to changes in circumstance in as short a time as possible. The systems will typically perform phased missions and, due to the uncertain nature of the environments in which the systems operate, the mission objectives may be subject to change at short notice. The ability to evaluate the different possible mission configurations is crucial in making the right decision about the mission tasks that should be performed in order to give the highest possible probability of mission success.Since Binary Decision Diagrams (BDD) may be quickly and accurately quantified to give measures of the system reliability it is anticipated that they are the most appropriate analysis tools to form the basis of a reliability-based prognostics methodology. This paper presents a new Binary Decision Diagram based approach for phased mission analysis, which seeks to take advantage of the proven fast analysis characteristics of the BDD and enhance it in ways which are suited to the demands of a decision making capability for autonomous systems. The BDD approach presented allows BDDs representing the failure causes in the different phases of a mission to be constructed quickly by treating component failures in different phases of the mission as separate variables. This allows flexibility when building mission phase failure BDDs since a global variable ordering scheme is not required. An alternative representation of component states in time intervals allows the dependencies to be efficiently dealt with during the quantification process. Nodes in the BDD can represent components with any number of failure modes or factors external to the system that could affect ...

The COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing until 2021 and is likely to continue until an uncertain time. This arises because the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus also continued to occur in the community. Of the five points in 5M that has been initiated by the government, the focus of this study is the use of face masks. In this study, an image-based automatic mask detection method using a classification approach is proposed. This method can be used in automated systems to increase public discipline in wearing masks to suppress the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The classes used in the classification are "with mask" and "without mask". The adjacent evaluation local binary patterns (AELBP) method, which is an extension of the local binary patterns (LBP) method, is used to extract the texture features of each image. Tests were carried out on 2,172 facial images of various sizes, facial accessories, and facial expressions. The test results using the AELBP method show that the accuracy and F-measure are 98.39% and 98.08%, respectively. This result is better than other methods which are also evaluated. In addition, testing of the AELBP method execution time shows that this method is feasible to use on real systems. ; Pandemi COVID-19 masih berlangsung hingga tahun 2021 dan kemungkinan masih akan terus berlangsung hingga waktu yang belum bisa dipastikan. Ini terjadi karena penyebaran virus SARS-CoV-2 juga masih terus terjadi di tengah-tengah masyarakat. Gerakan 5M yang digagas oleh pemerintah masih banyak dilanggar oleh masyarakat di berbagai tempat. Dari lima poin pada 5M, yang menjadi fokus pada penelitian ini adalah penggunaan masker wajah. Pada penelitian ini, diusulkan metode deteksi masker secara otomatis berbasis citra menggunakan pendekatan klasifikasi. Metode ini dapat digunakan pada sistem otomatis untuk meningkatkan kedisiplinan masyarakat dalam mengenakan masker untuk menekan penyebaran virus SARS-CoV-2. Kelas yang digunakan pada klasifikasi adalah "dengan masker" dan "tanpa masker". Ciri atau feature yang digunakan adalah tekstur dari setiap wajah. Metode adjacent evaluation local binary patterns (AELBP) yang merupakan pengembangan dari metode local binary patterns (LBP) digunakan untuk mengekstraksi ciri tekstur dari setiap citra. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap 2.172 citra wajah dengan berbagai ukuran, aksesori wajah, dan ekspresi wajah. Pengujian juga dilakukan menggunakan beberapa metode ekstraksi tekstur yang lain sebagai pembanding. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan akurasi yang didapatkan menggunakan metode AELBP sebesar 98,30% dan F-measure sebesar 98,08%. Hasil ini lebih baik daripada metode-metode lain yang juga diuji. Pengujian terhadap waktu eksekusi metode AELBP menunjukkan bahwa proses training dilakukan dalam 0,167 detik dan testing dilakukan dalam 0,016 detik. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa metode ini feasible untuk digunakan pada sistem yang nyata.

Full author list: M dal Ponte, B Santiago, A Carnero Rosell, B Burningham, B Yanny, J L Marshall, K Bechtol, P Martini, T S Li, L De Paris, T M C Abbott, M Aguena, S Allam, S Avila, E Bertin, S Bhargava, D Brooks, E Buckley-Geer, M Carrasco Kind, J Carretero, L N da Costa, J De Vicente, H T Diehl, P Doel, T F Eifler, S Everett, B Flaugher, P Fosalba, J Frieman, J García-Bellido, E Gaztanaga, D W Gerdes, D Gruen, R A Gruendl, J Gschwend, G Gutierrez, S R Hinton, D L Hollowood, K Honscheid, D J James, K Kuehn, N Kuropatkin, M A G Maia, M March, F Menanteau, R Miquel, A Palmese, F Paz-Chinchón, A A Plazas, E Sanchez, V Scarpine, S Serrano, I Sevilla-Noarbe, M Smith, E Suchyta, M E C Swanson, G Tarle, D Thomas, T N Varga, A R Walker, DES Collaboration ; We present the discovery of 255 binary and 6 multiple system candidates with wide (> 5 arcsec) separation composed by ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) companions to stars, plus nine double ultracool dwarf systems. These systems were selected based on common distance criteria. About 90 per cent of the total sample has proper motions available and 73 per cent of the systems also satisfy a common proper motion criterion. The sample of ultracool candidates was taken from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and the candidate stellar primaries are from Gaia DR2 and DES data. We compute chance alignment probabilities in order to assess the physical nature of each pair. We find that 174 candidate pairs with Gaia DR2 primaries and 81 pairs with a DES star as a primary have chance alignment probabilities < 5. Only nine candidate systems composed of two UCDs were identified. The sample of candidate multiple systems is made up of five triple systems and one quadruple system. The majority of the UCDs found in binaries and multiples are of early L type and the typical wide binary fraction over the L spectral types is 2-4. Our sample of candidate wide binaries with UCDs as secondaries constitutes a substantial increase over the known number of such systems, which are very useful to constrain the formation and evolution of UCDs. ; Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the US Department of Energy, the US National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the DES. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciències de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Numbers AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020, and the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, and NEOWISE, which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology. WISE and NEOWISE are funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The analysis presented here is based on observations obtained as part of the VHS, ESO Programme, 179.A-2010 (PI: McMahon). This paper has gone through internal review by the DES collaboration. ACR acknowledges financial support provided by the PAPDRJ CAPES/FAPERJ Fellowship and by 'Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu de CIEMAT – Física de Partículas (Proyecto MDM)'

AbstractPerformance Beyond The Binary:Towards An Intersectional And Intersexual Theatrical DiscourseMy research is rooted in post-structural feminist, intersectional, and queer theories. This thesis seeks to ignite a discursive dialogue about the sociopolitical reinforcement of the western gender binary in the theater. By drawing on political theories that highlight gender as an anti-essentialist product of culture (a social construct), I seek to discuss my methodologies of adapting these theories for the stage. From a post-structural view, gender is a network reinforced by larger institutional systems. After discussing the many institutions that which contribute to the preservation of the gender binary, I will offer 'intersexuality' (as reappropriated from its medical etymology) as a discursive intersectional approach to theater. I am interested in theater's role in the production of identity and of new meaning. In analyzing forms of transgender and gender variant resistance on stage, I hope to posit theater as an organizer of political resistance off stage. Ultimately I will provide case studies from Santa Cruz Shakespeare's Hamlet and from UCSC's The Odyssey, Two Gentlemen of Verona, and Zoot Suit, that employed subversive artistic choices in order to navigate the gender binary. Expounding on techniques like genderswap casting, nonbinary acting, and cross-gender casting, I assert that artists who take an intersectional and intersexual approach when representing gender on stage, can mobilize audiences to think more critically about gender beyond the binary off stage.

Context. The vast majority of the known stars of ultra low metallicity ([Fe=H] >-4:5) are known to be enhanced in carbon, and belong to the 'low-carbon band' (A(C) = log(C=H) + 12 7:6). It is generally, although not universally, accepted that this peculiar chemical composition reflects the chemical composition of the gas cloud out of which these stars were formed. The first ultra-metalpoor star discovered, HE 0107-5240, is also enhanced in carbon and belongs to the 'low-carbon band'. It has recently been claimed to be a long-period binary, based on radial velocity measurements. It has also been claimed that this binarity may explain its peculiar composition as being due to mass transfer from a former AGB companion. Theoretically, low-mass ratios in binary systems are much more favoured amongst Pop III stars than they are amongst solar-metallicity stars. Any constraint on the mass ratio of a system of such low metallicity would shed light on the star formation mechanisms in this metallicity regime. Aims.We acquired one high precision spectrum withESPRESSO in order to check the reality of the radial velocity variations. In addition we analysed all the spectra of this star in the ESO archive obtained with UVES to have a set of homogenously measured radial velocities. Methods. The radial velocities were measured using cross correlation against a synthetic spectrum template. Due to the weakness of metallic lines in this star, the signal comes only from the CH molecular lines of the G-band. Results. The measurement obtained in 2018 from an ESPRESSO spectrum demonstrates unambiguously that the radial velocity of HE 0107-5240 has increased from 2001 to 2018. Closer inspection of the measurements based on UVES spectra in the interval 2001-2006 show that there is a 96% probability that the radial velocity correlates with time, hence the radial velocity variations can already be suspected from the UVES spectra alone. Conclusions.We confirm the earlier claims of radial velocity variations in HE0107-5240. The simplest explanation of such variations is that the star is indeed in a binary system with a long period. The nature of the companion is unconstrained and we consider it is equally probable that it is an unevolved companion or a white dwarf. Continued monitoring of the radial velocities of this star is strongly encouraged. ; With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)

In this paper we evaluate the feasibility of running a lightweight Intrusion Detection System within a constrained sensor or IoT node. We propose mIDS, which monitors and detects attacks using a statistical analysis tool based on Binary Logistic Regression (BLR). mIDS takes as input only local node parameters for both benign and malicious behavior and derives a normal behavior model that detects abnormalities within the constrained node.We offer a proof of correct operation by testing mIDS in a setting where network-layer attacks are present. In such a system, critical data from the routing layer is obtained and used as a basis for profiling sensor behavior. Our results show that, despite the lightweight implementation, the proposed solution achieves attack detection accuracy levels within the range of 96% - 100%. ; This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 739578 and the Government of the Republic of Cyprus through the Directorate General for European Programmes, Coordination and Development. © ACM 2018. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive Version of Record was published in Proceedings of MSWiM 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3242102.3242145, Christiana Ioannou and Vasos Vassiliou. 2018. An Intrusion Detection System for Constrained WSN and IoT. In the Proceedings of the 21st ACM International Conference on Modeling, Analysis and Simulation of Wireless and Mobile Systems Montreal(MSWIM '18), QC, Canada — October 28 - November 02, 2018. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 259-263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3242102. https://www.acm.org/publications/policies/copyright-policy .

This article aims to investigate whether national differences in the institutionalization of the binary divide between universities and Universities of Applied Sciences (UAS) lead to different outcomes in performing Academics' Societal Engagement (ASE). Two institutional theory-based core differences of European binary higher education (HE) systems were used to select a theory-led purposeful sample: First, the sequence of UASinstitutionalization and ASE-policy emphasis and second the political drive for a practically oriented research drift. Based on the Finnish, German and Portuguese survey data provided by the cross-country study ''Academic Profession in Knowledge Society,'' three dimensions of ASE are derived: techno-commercial ASE, dissemination ASE and training-related ASE. These ASE-dimensions cover the diversity of ASE across different disciplinary fields. Survey results of the Finnish sample show that all three ASE-dimensions are more strongly performed by UAS-academics than by university-academics. In Germany, robust stronger correlations of research (productivity) and all three ASE-dimensions for UAS-academics, compared to university-academics, were observed. In Portugal, convergence of ASE performed by UAS-academics and university-academics was indicated. Thus, core country-differences in the institutionalization of ASE in binary HE-systems are reflected in the results. ; This article aims to investigate whether national differences in the institutionalization of the binary divide between universities and Universities of Applied Sciences (UAS) lead to different outcomes in performing Academics' Societal Engagement (ASE). Two institutional theory-based core differences of European binary higher education (HE) systems were used to select a theory-led purposeful sample: First, the sequence of UAS-institutionalization and ASE-policy emphasis and second the political drive for a practically oriented research drift. Based on the Finnish, German and Portuguese survey data provided by the cross-country study "Academic Profession in Knowledge Society," three dimensions of ASE are derived: techno-commercial ASE, dissemination ASE and training-related ASE. These ASE-dimensions cover the diversity of ASE across different disciplinary fields. Survey results of the Finnish sample show that all three ASE-dimensions are more strongly performed by UAS-academics than by university-academics. In Germany, robust stronger correlations of research (productivity) and all three ASE-dimensions for UAS-academics, compared to university-academics, were observed. In Portugal, convergence of ASE performed by UAS-academics and university-academics was indicated. Thus, core country-differences in the institutionalization of ASE in binary HE-systems are reflected in the results.