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"The Handbook of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science" contains a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the main ideas and methods currently used at the intersection of phenomenology and the neuro- and cognitive sciences. The idea that phenomenology, in the European continental tradition, has something to offer to the cognitive sciences is a relatively recent development in our attempt to understand the mind. Here in one volume the leading researchers in this area address the central topics that define the intersection between phenomenological studies and the cognitive sciences

This paper is about the question of the possibility, prospects and forms of dia­logue between philosophy and cognitive science, raised in a recent publication by V.A. Lektorsky. Several variants of their dialogue are discussed. Thus, philo­sophy can claim to be a kind of mediator in the interaction of the disciplines that make up cognitive science. It can also act as an interpreter of the experimental results obtained in these disciplines. Another variant of the dialogue involves the promotion of philosophers to the vanguard of experimental research, where they can point and illuminate the way for cognitive scientists. A full-fledged dialogue implies equality of the parties, and the article argues that such equality in the dia­logue between philosophy and cognitive science is possible only if cognitive sci­ence and philosophy can obtain meaningful results independently of each other. Therefore, the key to the success of the dialogue between philosophy and cogni­tive science lies, paradoxically, in the success of armchair philosophy, indepen­dent from experimental research. Author shows also under which conditions an armchair philosophy could overcome the current obstacles and make a success.

Preface: cognitive science -- Perspectives on the brain and cognition : the problem domain -- Standard and non-standard approaches to cognitive science -- Folk psychology, the background, and the standard model -- Explaining and understanding action -- Incorporating the social into cognitive science : affordances, scaffolding, and computational complexity -- Selves, persons, and the social -- Social theory and cognitive science -- The two socials and the verstehen bubble

National audience ; The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the different stages of the institutional process which led to the structuring of cognitive sciences in France between 1985 and 2003. This research is based on reports written for the CNRS and the Research Ministry; it underlines the professional and disciplinary interests of the concerned participants. This study shows that two main orientations divide the researchers. For those who identify cognitive functions with logical operations, the computer constitute the model and thought is perceived like a system of symbols' handling ; whereas for those interested in neurophysiological mechanisms, the study of the mind belongs to neurosciences. The analysis of the institutional process shows that the cognitive sciences' frontiers are the results of negotiations between disciplines and that economic and political factors contribute to amend their contours. The comparison with United States indicates a gap of twenty years; the first American cognitive sciences centre was created in 1960. The development of artificial intelligence during the Cold War is one reason of the origin of this gap, depended also by the concentration of resources and most efficient computers available to the American pioneers of artificial intelligence. As for the neurosciences researchers, in France as well as in United States, one has to wait the middle of the 1980's to see a beginning of the process of institutionalisation in the field of the cognitive sciences, changing the original orientations. ; Cet article vise à reconstituer les différentes étapes du processus institutionnel qui ont conduit à la structuration des sciences cognitives en France entre 1985 et 2003. L'analyse des rapports produits pour le CNRS et le ministère de la recherche sert de support à cette étude qui met en évidence les intérêts disciplinaires des acteurs concernés. Les deux grandes orientations qui guident les chercheurs en sciences cognitives sont perceptibles tout au long de cette étude. Pour ceux qui ...

National audience ; The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the different stages of the institutional process which led to the structuring of cognitive sciences in France between 1985 and 2003. This research is based on reports written for the CNRS and the Research Ministry; it underlines the professional and disciplinary interests of the concerned participants. This study shows that two main orientations divide the researchers. For those who identify cognitive functions with logical operations, the computer constitute the model and thought is perceived like a system of symbols' handling ; whereas for those interested in neurophysiological mechanisms, the study of the mind belongs to neurosciences. The analysis of the institutional process shows that the cognitive sciences' frontiers are the results of negotiations between disciplines and that economic and political factors contribute to amend their contours. The comparison with United States indicates a gap of twenty years; the first American cognitive sciences centre was created in 1960. The development of artificial intelligence during the Cold War is one reason of the origin of this gap, depended also by the concentration of resources and most efficient computers available to the American pioneers of artificial intelligence. As for the neurosciences researchers, in France as well as in United States, one has to wait the middle of the 1980's to see a beginning of the process of institutionalisation in the field of the cognitive sciences, changing the original orientations. ; Cet article vise à reconstituer les différentes étapes du processus institutionnel qui ont conduit à la structuration des sciences cognitives en France entre 1985 et 2003. L'analyse des rapports produits pour le CNRS et le ministère de la recherche sert de support à cette étude qui met en évidence les intérêts disciplinaires des acteurs concernés. Les deux grandes orientations qui guident les chercheurs en sciences cognitives sont perceptibles tout au long de cette étude. Pour ceux qui ...

National audience ; The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the different stages of the institutional process which led to the structuring of cognitive sciences in France between 1985 and 2003. This research is based on reports written for the CNRS and the Research Ministry; it underlines the professional and disciplinary interests of the concerned participants. This study shows that two main orientations divide the researchers. For those who identify cognitive functions with logical operations, the computer constitute the model and thought is perceived like a system of symbols' handling ; whereas for those interested in neurophysiological mechanisms, the study of the mind belongs to neurosciences. The analysis of the institutional process shows that the cognitive sciences' frontiers are the results of negotiations between disciplines and that economic and political factors contribute to amend their contours. The comparison with United States indicates a gap of twenty years; the first American cognitive sciences centre was created in 1960. The development of artificial intelligence during the Cold War is one reason of the origin of this gap, depended also by the concentration of resources and most efficient computers available to the American pioneers of artificial intelligence. As for the neurosciences researchers, in France as well as in United States, one has to wait the middle of the 1980's to see a beginning of the process of institutionalisation in the field of the cognitive sciences, changing the original orientations. ; Cet article vise à reconstituer les différentes étapes du processus institutionnel qui ont conduit à la structuration des sciences cognitives en France entre 1985 et 2003. L'analyse des rapports produits pour le CNRS et le ministère de la recherche sert de support à cette étude qui met en évidence les intérêts disciplinaires des acteurs concernés. Les deux grandes orientations qui guident les chercheurs en sciences cognitives sont perceptibles tout au long de cette étude. Pour ceux qui assimilent les fonctions cognitives à des opérations logiques, l'ordinateur est un bon modèle et la pensée est perçue comme un système de manipulations de symboles ; tandis que pour ceux qui s'intéressent aux mécanismes neurophysiologiques, l'étude de l'esprit relève essentiellement des neurosciences. L'analyse du processus institutionnel montre que les frontières des sciences cognitives sont soumises à négociation entre disciplines et que des facteurs économiques et politiques contribuent à en modifier les contours. Une comparaison avec les Etats-Unis indique un décalage de vingt ans, le premier centre en science cognitive américain ayant été créé en 1960. Le développement de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) pendant la période de la guerre froide n'est pas étranger à ce décalage, une concentration des ressources et des ordinateurs les plus performants ayant bénéficié aux centres contrôlés par les pionniers américains de l'IA. Quant aux chercheurs en neurosciences, que ce soit en France ou aux Etats-Unis, ce n'est qu'au milieu des années 1980 qu'ils se sont s'impliqués activement dans le processus d'institutionnalisation des sciences cognitives en en modifiant les orientations premières.

National audience ; The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the different stages of the institutional process which led to the structuring of cognitive sciences in France between 1985 and 2003. This research is based on reports written for the CNRS and the Research Ministry; it underlines the professional and disciplinary interests of the concerned participants. This study shows that two main orientations divide the researchers. For those who identify cognitive functions with logical operations, the computer constitute the model and thought is perceived like a system of symbols' handling ; whereas for those interested in neurophysiological mechanisms, the study of the mind belongs to neurosciences. The analysis of the institutional process shows that the cognitive sciences' frontiers are the results of negotiations between disciplines and that economic and political factors contribute to amend their contours. The comparison with United States indicates a gap of twenty years; the first American cognitive sciences centre was created in 1960. The development of artificial intelligence during the Cold War is one reason of the origin of this gap, depended also by the concentration of resources and most efficient computers available to the American pioneers of artificial intelligence. As for the neurosciences researchers, in France as well as in United States, one has to wait the middle of the 1980's to see a beginning of the process of institutionalisation in the field of the cognitive sciences, changing the original orientations. ; Cet article vise à reconstituer les différentes étapes du processus institutionnel qui ont conduit à la structuration des sciences cognitives en France entre 1985 et 2003. L'analyse des rapports produits pour le CNRS et le ministère de la recherche sert de support à cette étude qui met en évidence les intérêts disciplinaires des acteurs concernés. Les deux grandes orientations qui guident les chercheurs en sciences cognitives sont perceptibles tout au long de cette étude. Pour ceux qui assimilent les fonctions cognitives à des opérations logiques, l'ordinateur est un bon modèle et la pensée est perçue comme un système de manipulations de symboles ; tandis que pour ceux qui s'intéressent aux mécanismes neurophysiologiques, l'étude de l'esprit relève essentiellement des neurosciences. L'analyse du processus institutionnel montre que les frontières des sciences cognitives sont soumises à négociation entre disciplines et que des facteurs économiques et politiques contribuent à en modifier les contours. Une comparaison avec les Etats-Unis indique un décalage de vingt ans, le premier centre en science cognitive américain ayant été créé en 1960. Le développement de l'intelligence artificielle (IA) pendant la période de la guerre froide n'est pas étranger à ce décalage, une concentration des ressources et des ordinateurs les plus performants ayant bénéficié aux centres contrôlés par les pionniers américains de l'IA. Quant aux chercheurs en neurosciences, que ce soit en France ou aux Etats-Unis, ce n'est qu'au milieu des années 1980 qu'ils se sont s'impliqués activement dans le processus d'institutionnalisation des sciences cognitives en en modifiant les orientations premières.

This book discusses the paradigm of quantum ontology as an appropriate model for measuring cognitive processes. It clearly shows the inadequacy of the application of classical probability theory in modelling the human cognitive domain. The chapters investigate the context dependence and neuronal basis of cognition in a coherent manner. According to this framework, epistemological issues related to decision making and state of mind are seen to be similar to issues related to equanimity and neutral mind, as discussed in Buddhist perspective. The author states that quantum ontology as a modelling tool will help scientists create new methodologies of modelling in other streams of science as well.

Die kognitive Phänomenologie ist eine Variante der Phänomenologie, die ursprünglich in der Philosophie artikuliert und dann zusammen mit den Kognitionswissenschaften weiterentwickelt wurde. Auf einer stringenten Erhebungsmethode aufbauend, eignet die kognitive Phänomenologie sich für die Zusammenarbeit mit einer Wissenschaft, die sich mit Person-in-Situation als Untersuchungseinheit befasst und die anerkennt, dass Menschen innerhalb ihrer subjektiven Lebenswelten anstatt in objektiven, materiellen Umgebungen handeln. Der phänomenologische Teil der kognitiven Phänomenologie bietet ein wichtiges Instrument im Dienste erziehungswissenschaftlicher Psycholog(inn)en, und zwar insbesondere für diejenigen, die sich für eine moderne Theorie der Begabung interessieren. Die Methode unterscheidet sich von der Introspektion und anderen naturalistischen "phänomeno"-Beschreibungen (Phänomenographie, Phänomenologie).

Towards a cognitive science that doesn't alienate everyone except cognitive scientists -- Seriously, culture and language need to be taken seriously -- Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater I: development of religious belief -- Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater II: evolution and experience -- On being good researchers -- Does reality and/or god exist or not?

In this work, the author further develops the idea of theoretical complexes, which has been earlier proposed for the sake of description of large theoretical movements in the cognitive sciences, such as classical computational cogni­tivism, connectionism or moderate embodied cognition. It is asserted that the lat­ter should be understood as structurally homogeneous or heterogeneous theoreti­cal complexes, which function primarily for further proliferation of scientific theories and models. It is argued that the idea of theoretical complexes is more ad­equate for the task of description of large groups of theories in the cognitive sci­ences when compared with alternative theories of T. Kuhn, I. Lakatos, L. Laudan, and B. von Eckardt. In the second part of the work, in the context of the defense of theoretical pluralism in the philosophy of science we attempt to draw the main methodological normative conclusions of the idea of theoretical complexes in the cognitive sciences. The key role here is given to the principle of prolifera­tion, which calls for the creation of scientific theories and models which are both compatible and incompatible with respect to a number of basic ontological and methodological assumptions. In conclusion, we briefly discuss the character and limitations of the proposed principle of proliferation.

"Culture and the Cognitive Science of Religion is the first book to bring together cultural psychology and the cognitive science of religion (CSR). Containing much-needed discussion of how good research should do more than simply follow methodological prescriptions, this thought-provoking and original bookoutlines the ways in which CSR can be used to study everyday religious belief without sacrificing psychological science. Cresswell's pragmatist approach expands CSR in a radically new direction. The author shows how language and culture can be integrated within CSR in order to achieve an alternative ontogenetic and phylogenetic approach to cognition, and argues that a view of cognition that is not based on modularity, but on the dynamic connection between an organism and its milieu, can lead to a view of evolution that makes much more room for the constitutive role of culture in cognition. As a provocative attempt to persuade researchers to engage with religious communities more directly, thebook should be essential reading for academics, researchers and postgraduate students, as well as psychologists interested in the cognitive science of religion, theological anthropology, religious studies and cultural anthropology."--

The aim of this paper is to reconstruct the different stages of the institutional process which led to the structuring of cognitive sciences in France between 1985 and 2003. This research is based on reports written for the CNRS and the Research Ministry; it underlines the professional and disciplinary interests of the concerned participants. This study shows that two main orientations divide the researchers. For those who identify cognitive functions with logical operations, the computer constitute the model and thought is perceived like a system of symbols' handling ; whereas for those interested in neurophysiological mechanisms, the study of the mind belongs to neurosciences. The analysis of the institutional process shows that the cognitive sciences' frontiers are the results of negotiations between disciplines and that economic and political factors contribute to amend their contours. The comparison with United States indicates a gap of twenty years; the first American cognitive sciences centre was created in 1960. The development of artificial intelligence during the Cold War is one reason of the origin of this gap, depended also by the concentration of resources and most efficient computers available to the American pioneers of artificial intelligence. As for the neurosciences researchers, in France as well as in United States, one has to wait the middle of the 1980's to see a beginning of the process of institutionalisation in the field of the cognitive sciences, changing the original orientations. ; National audience Cet article vise à reconstituer les différentes étapes du processus institutionnel qui ont conduit à la structuration des sciences cognitives en France entre 1985 et 2003. L'analyse des rapports produits pour le CNRS et le ministère de la recherche sert de support à cette étude qui met en évidence les intérêts disciplinaires des acteurs concernés. Les deux grandes orientations qui guident les chercheurs en sciences cognitives sont perceptibles tout au long de cette étude. Pour ceux qui ...