Suchergebnisse

Explains why mobile phone text messaging is so popular with children; linking with peer groups is the main reason, as it satisfies the basic human need for community in a world of freedom and potential isolation. Shows how media brands are creating interactive channels which give marketers new ways to communicate with their target markets; the personal space of the mobile phone allows marketers to extend on‐air sponsorship or advertising. Presents case studies to illustrate this, both of which involve mobile phone databases to promote records: the wireless marketing campaign for Oxide & Neutrino by East West Records; and the "Top of the Pops" magazine text club, which is operated by BBC Worldwide to link children with their media.

This study analyzed the application of the XBee technology for control applications embedded in big machinery. In particular, it presented the control layout, topology, design of frames, and error control mechanisms that are required for implementing wireless control networked applications. This study was devoted to presenting experimental use cases of wireless control systems that help the scientific community to design and implement new control systems. Experimental tests were carried out over a Single Input Single Output (SISO) control application to evaluate its use in close loop applications. The results of these tests have been discussed in detail. In order to clarify the use of XBee in control applications, a high precision positioning application has been presented. It involved a piezoelectric actuator that was remotely controlled by means of a Proportional Integral (PI) controller, which was implemented in LabVIEW over a NI myRIO platform. Both the sensor and the actuators were connected with the NI myRIO by means of the XBee anthenae. The results showed that even though XBee technologies present some drawbacks, such as a lower performance when compared to wired connections and the influence of interferences, they have the potential to be used in some scenarios for non-critical control applications. ; Basque GovernmentBasque Government [ETORTEK KK-2017/00033, ELKARTEK KK-2019/00051]; UPV/EHUUniversity of Basque Country [PPGA18/04, UFI 11/07]; DFA/AFA through the project CONAVAUTIN

The article investigates how users in the Czech wireless network community invented a technology for sending data over visible, red light. For five years, this was the most affordable method for connecting computers. The development of this technology was guided by the idea that it should be controlled by its users. With reference to this experiment, it is argued that a shared ethical and/or political vision can contribute to the establishment of norms within user communities encouraging their members to share information with each other. Thus, it is suggested that ethical and political convictions can be crucial for enabling collective innovation processes. This highlighting of normativity is intended as a complement to the common premise in Innovation Studies that users innovate to satisfy unfulfilled needs. In opposition to this view, it is argued that the needs of users are not a constant but something which emerge together with the transformation of the user community and the technology in question. Particular focus is placed on the tension between, on one hand, the norms and ethical— political motives of the user community, and, on the other hand, the needs satisfied through product development, both stemming from the same innovation process.

Wireless data transmission in The Andes: networking Merida State (Pietrosemoli, Ermanno) Abstract The city of Merida, in the northern Andes, is home to a 200-year-old university that has shown a strong commitment to networking, as witnessed by the deployment of a 100 Mbps TDM fiber optic data and voice network, with a 155 Mbps ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) overlay and by the organization of three Latin American Networking Schools over the past six years. The desire to extend the benefits of Internet access to the surrounding communities was curtailed by the difficult terrain and limitations of the telephony infrastructure. These challenges were met by means of radio technologies, beginning with packet radio in the VHF (very high frequency) and UHF (ultra high frequency) bands, that was soon made obsolete by the bandwidth requirements of Web access, and venturing into higher speeds made feasible by microwaves, using both spread spectrum and narrowband solutions. The state-of-the-art network currently being deployed allows for 10 Mbps full duplex data transmission and spans a mountainous region some 200 by 100 km, from sea level to 5000 m. Innovative multisectorial antennas make for efficient use of the 6 MHz per channel spectrum, while allowing video conference and IP (Internet protocol) telephony applications. Schools, hospitals, libraries, and community centers are the main target for connectivity, but several government agencies are now able to interact with citizens with unheard-of efficiency, prompting for profound social changes. This paper addresses the technical and cultural hurdles that had to be overcome to bring the project to fruition. Paper presentado en: INET'99, http://www.isoc.org/inet99/ ; ermanno@ula.ve ; Nivel monográfico

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) play a vital role in the modern arena. WSN is deployed in the various vital areas such as military operations, health care, surveillance, home application and environmental applications. WSN mainly works on battery power, whose capacity is limited. Energy efficiency is one of the main issues in wireless sensor networks. Various routing techniques are developed to achieve maximum reliability, network lifetime and scalability. Leach is one of the clustering convention used in wireless sensor networks. Even, after its existence of more than 17 years, Leach protocol grabs attention and interest of research community. Our research area is confined to power management. This paper proposes a technique called as Improved Lifetime - Leach with Particle Swarm Optimization (PIL-LEACH) to smoothen the associated information transmission inside the group and, to control the problems such as correlated data, cluster head selection and large distance transmission of the packet in Leach. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm selects the cluster head based on various parameters of sensor nodes such as residual energy, distance from base sink etc. This approach admits that we know the area of the sensor hubs. It uses the two-tier architecture of clusters heads which are far away from the sink in order to mitigate the energy losses.

This dissertation is concerned with a longitudinal study of a computer network technology referred to as the Commotion wireless MESH software, and the assemblages of actants that come into contact with it (such as people, objects, organizations, discourses, etc.). I argue that this apparatus produces different versions of itself that uniquely relates the concepts of agency, infrastructure and the Commons because it explicitly claims to be both technical and political within different socio-historical folds. By assuming such an overt political stance, it invites us to think through the notion of mediation in a new light (infrastructural mediation). My research methods reflect different interpretations of this software by seeking to understand whether this wireless mesh network technology represents a compromise solution to redefining the forces that constitute telecommunications infrastructure and its hold on the social bond. To do so, my dissertation expands on a particular ethnographic path which, "by the middle", attempts to understand the ways in which the existence of a socio-technical system is established. I argue that the establishment of a socio-technical apparatus does not amount to pulling it out of thin air, but rather to make it become what it is. The findings reflect the successive trials and errors that go into this process of developing a sociotechnical and mediatic form that has yet to be recognized, while also shoring up the constitutive elements of a mediation process between the Commons and telecommunications infrastructure. ; La thèse repose sur une étude longitudinale d'une technologie de réseau émergente (le logiciel MESH Commotion) et des agencements d'actants qui l'entourent (personnes, objets, organisations, discours, etc.). Ce dispositif, parce qu'il revendique explicitement qu'il est politique au sein de différents plis socio-historiques, produit différentes versions de lui-même qui articulent de manière singulière les notions d'agentivité, d'infrastructures et de biens communs. Par ...

This dissertation is concerned with a longitudinal study of a computer network technology referred to as the Commotion wireless MESH software, and the assemblages of actants that come into contact with it (such as people, objects, organizations, discourses, etc.). I argue that this apparatus produces different versions of itself that uniquely relates the concepts of agency, infrastructure and the Commons because it explicitly claims to be both technical and political within different socio-historical folds. By assuming such an overt political stance, it invites us to think through the notion of mediation in a new light (infrastructural mediation). My research methods reflect different interpretations of this software by seeking to understand whether this wireless mesh network technology represents a compromise solution to redefining the forces that constitute telecommunications infrastructure and its hold on the social bond. To do so, my dissertation expands on a particular ethnographic path which, "by the middle", attempts to understand the ways in which the existence of a socio-technical system is established. I argue that the establishment of a socio-technical apparatus does not amount to pulling it out of thin air, but rather to make it become what it is. The findings reflect the successive trials and errors that go into this process of developing a sociotechnical and mediatic form that has yet to be recognized, while also shoring up the constitutive elements of a mediation process between the Commons and telecommunications infrastructure. ; La thèse repose sur une étude longitudinale d'une technologie de réseau émergente (le logiciel MESH Commotion) et des agencements d'actants qui l'entourent (personnes, objets, organisations, discours, etc.). Ce dispositif, parce qu'il revendique explicitement qu'il est politique au sein de différents plis socio-historiques, produit différentes versions de lui-même qui articulent de manière singulière les notions d'agentivité, d'infrastructures et de biens communs. Par ...

This dissertation is concerned with a longitudinal study of a computer network technology referred to as the Commotion wireless MESH software, and the assemblages of actants that come into contact with it (such as people, objects, organizations, discourses, etc.). I argue that this apparatus produces different versions of itself that uniquely relates the concepts of agency, infrastructure and the Commons because it explicitly claims to be both technical and political within different socio-historical folds. By assuming such an overt political stance, it invites us to think through the notion of mediation in a new light (infrastructural mediation). My research methods reflect different interpretations of this software by seeking to understand whether this wireless mesh network technology represents a compromise solution to redefining the forces that constitute telecommunications infrastructure and its hold on the social bond. To do so, my dissertation expands on a particular ethnographic path which, "by the middle", attempts to understand the ways in which the existence of a socio-technical system is established. I argue that the establishment of a socio-technical apparatus does not amount to pulling it out of thin air, but rather to make it become what it is. The findings reflect the successive trials and errors that go into this process of developing a sociotechnical and mediatic form that has yet to be recognized, while also shoring up the constitutive elements of a mediation process between the Commons and telecommunications infrastructure. ; La thèse repose sur une étude longitudinale d'une technologie de réseau émergente (le logiciel MESH Commotion) et des agencements d'actants qui l'entourent (personnes, objets, organisations, discours, etc.). Ce dispositif, parce qu'il revendique explicitement qu'il est politique au sein de différents plis socio-historiques, produit différentes versions de lui-même qui articulent de manière singulière les notions d'agentivité, d'infrastructures et de biens communs. Par ...

This dissertation is concerned with a longitudinal study of a computer network technology referred to as the Commotion wireless MESH software, and the assemblages of actants that come into contact with it (such as people, objects, organizations, discourses, etc.). I argue that this apparatus produces different versions of itself that uniquely relates the concepts of agency, infrastructure and the Commons because it explicitly claims to be both technical and political within different socio-historical folds. By assuming such an overt political stance, it invites us to think through the notion of mediation in a new light (infrastructural mediation). My research methods reflect different interpretations of this software by seeking to understand whether this wireless mesh network technology represents a compromise solution to redefining the forces that constitute telecommunications infrastructure and its hold on the social bond. To do so, my dissertation expands on a particular ethnographic path which, "by the middle", attempts to understand the ways in which the existence of a socio-technical system is established. I argue that the establishment of a socio-technical apparatus does not amount to pulling it out of thin air, but rather to make it become what it is. The findings reflect the successive trials and errors that go into this process of developing a sociotechnical and mediatic form that has yet to be recognized, while also shoring up the constitutive elements of a mediation process between the Commons and telecommunications infrastructure. ; La thèse repose sur une étude longitudinale d'une technologie de réseau émergente (le logiciel MESH Commotion) et des agencements d'actants qui l'entourent (personnes, objets, organisations, discours, etc.). Ce dispositif, parce qu'il revendique explicitement qu'il est politique au sein de différents plis socio-historiques, produit différentes versions de lui-même qui articulent de manière singulière les notions d'agentivité, d'infrastructures et de biens communs. Par ...

This article shows the performance of wireless mesh networks under channel interference for wireless Internet. The wireless mesh networks are multihop networks of wireless-router platforms. The wireless routers are typically stationary, but the clients can be mobile. A mesh network can provide multihop communication paths between wireless clients, serving as a community network or as a broadband access network for the Internet. Though no routing protocols exist for wireless mesh networknetworks, the author has tried using AODV, which has been proved effective for wireless mesh networknetworks. Although research is being done in revisiting the MAC and routing protocols for wireless mesh networknetworks, one of the major problems faced in 802.11b mesh networks is channel interference. Based on the above facts, an attempt has been made to study the performance of the 802.11b mesh network under channel interference. The performance differentials are analyzed in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, and MAC delay. The simulations are carried out in Opnet Version 11.5 simulator

During the last decade, a growing number of disciplines dealing with innovation processes focused started to investigate the phenomenon of wireless community networks (WCN). These networks, now consolidated on a global level, represent an infrastructure that is entirely built and self-managed by citizens voluntarily cooperating to create a new model of digital communication other than the Internet and commercial services offered on the market by Internet Service Providers (ISP). WCN, therefore, represent an emblematic case to explore not only the technical aspects of more and more pervasive technologies within contemporary society, but also to focus on relations between social, political and techno-scientific dimensions supporting innovation practices. In fact, most recent experiences of WCN acquired a central role in redefining participation practices and political activism linked to digital media, and its forms of innovation. This paper, on the basis of data collected through a qualitative research on the origin and development of the main RWC in Italy, throws light upon the way in which community networks represent a peculiar form of social innovation, where a system of individuals – beyond traditional innovation and development institutions and on the basis of political values and beliefs – cooperate to originate a new infrastructure managing to endorse participation and social inclusion in the digital society. In doing this, the paper emphasizes the procedural dimension of social innovation as an emerging practice in the active cooperation among human beings and technologies, during which political visions, technical tools and social participation have an impact on each other and transform themselves.

Introduction / Kim Sawchuck, Barbara Crow, and Michael Longford -- Spectral genealogies. The circulatory turn / Will Straw ; Radio hats, wireless rats, and flying families / Kim Sawchuk ; Atmospheres of communication / Jennifer Gabrys -- Mobile practices. Mobile publics and issues-based art and design / Anne Galloway ; The third screen as cultural form in North America / Judith A. Nicholson ; Intimate strangers : the keitai culture of "belonging-without-being-with" / Sandra Buckley ; Terminal city : art, information, and the augmenting of Vancouver / Darin Barney -- Locative media. Labours of location : acting in the pervasive media space / Minna Tarkka ; Spectrum policy as art : interview with Julian Priest / Barbara Crow ; Augmented urbanism : locative media experiences in the digital city / Kajin Goh, Michael Longford, and Barbara Crow -- Wireless connections. The wireless commons manifesto ; Community wi-fi, resistance, and making infrastructure visible / Alison Powell ; The network we all dream of : manifest dreams of connectivity and communication or, social imaginaries of the wireless commons / Andrew Herman