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In the second half of the eighteenth century, German philosophy came for a while to dominate European philosophy. It changed the way in which not only Europeans, but people all over the world, conceived of themselves and thought about nature, religion, human history, politics, and the structure of the human mind. In this wide-ranging book, Terry Pinkard interweaves the story of 'Germany' - changing during this period from a loose collection of principalities into a newly-emerged nation with a distinctive culture-with an examination of the currents and complexities of its developing philosophical thought. He examines the dominant influence of Kant, with his revolutionary emphasis on 'self-determination', and traces this influence through the development of romanticism and idealism to the critiques of post-Kantian thinkers such as Schopenhauer and Kierkegaard. His book will interest a range of readers in the history of philosophy, cultural history and the history of ideas

The article deals with the spiritual component of such a unique phenomenon as love. The aim of the work is to analyze the spiritual side of love in the German philosophy of Im. Kant, G. W. F. Hegel, A. Schopenhauer and L. Feuerbach, namely Christian and non-Christian, including mythological, sensual-spiritual images of love. and the task is to compare the understanding of the sensual-spiritual side of love in the works of these philosophers. The relevance of this study is associated with the great importance of German classical philosophy in understanding love as both a spiritual and sensual phenomenon, which seems important due to the modern exaggerated sensual understanding of the world. It is noteworthy that the aesthetic in this context was interpreted as a sensually perceived, non-utilitarian attitude of a person to reality, capable of elevating him to a state of spiritual and sensual euphoria. The object of this study is the understanding of love in the philosophy of Kant, Hegel, Schopenhauer and Feuerbach. The subject is the ratio of sensual and spiritual love in German philosophy. The article provides an analysis of the philosophical and religious views of these thinkers in the field of understanding love as an aesthetic phenomenon. The purpose of the work is to reveal specifically religious, namely Christian and non-Christian sensual-spiritual images of love. Philosophers' concepts are considered sequentially, including in a comparative section and polemics between authors.

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- 1. The Life of the Mind Undone -- 2. The Challenge from the Streets -- 3. The Collapsed House of Bourgeois Ideas -- 4. New Philosophy out of the Rubble -- 5. The Possibility of Life Together -- Appendix 1: The National Socialist Kant -- Appendix 2: The Philosophers and the National Socialist Terror -- References -- Further Reading -- Acknowledgements -- Author's Note.