Suchergebnisse

Decisions in public policy are not an end in themselves: in general, they are intended to regulate society, i.e. members of society are submitted with particular rights, obligations, possibilities, restrictions, etc. However, in order to know which decisions will reach their addressees best and will allow attaining the result sought, it is necessary for policy makers to know how the society and particular addressees are ready to accept them. Especially this is acute in the field of family policy: here, the decision on family policy instruments is important and may be effective only when it is accepted by families/individuals (especially speaking about instruments aimed at increase of fertility). The article is based on a presumption that communication between policy makers and the society is of a great importance seeking for a purposive public policy. The article is composed of two main parts. The first part presents theoretical background for analysis of communication between decision makers and society in the field of family policy. First, it develops the main characteristics of communication models between policy makers and society in general; highlights possible role of media in different models of the mentioned communication, and, finally, it lists peculiarities in connection with a particular topic of political communication, i.e. communication on the issues of family policy. The second part seeks to disclose the nature and main characteristics of communication between politics and society on the family policy issues in Lithuania. To this end, the article presents a media content analysis covering almost 1000 publication in the most popular internet news website in Lithuania on two issues directly related to family policy: economic and social situation of families with 3 and more children and economic and social guarantees for families with children.[.]

The article speaks about trickster's archetype, schemes of understanding, examplesmodels of behaviour and their cultural manifestations in myths, literature, carnivals, theatre and politics. The aim of the article is to analyse and demonstrate the development of tricksters' typology in culture and politics. Therfore, political activities are explained, not only as independent and unique but also as dependent on variations of archetypes, types, schemes, models and examples. Mythological and literal, historical analysis of archetypes, schemes of thinking, prototypes and models help to understand some social, cultural and political processes and model them. The methodology of analysis of cultural types follows by ideas of comparative typology of Vytautas Kavolis, analytical anthropology of Valerij Podoroga, and the comparative history of cultural models of Piter Sloterdijk. In addition, attention in the article is also devoted to the relations between literature and politics, which was discovered in the books of Yves Guchet and Leonidas Donskis. Trickster is interpreted according to structural anthropology and studies in mythology as a transitional figure: between beast and over-human, natural and civilized, pre-structural and ordered. How the transitional position transforms into carnival figure and becomes attractive for people's carnivals and theatre. The article interprets theories of Trickster of P. Radin, J. Campbell and G. Jung based of phenomenon of tricksking in. [to full text]

Decisions in public policy are not an end in themselves: in general, they are intended to regulate society, i.e. members of society are submitted with particular rights, obligations, possibilities, restrictions, etc. However, in order to know which decisions will reach their addressees best and will allow attaining the result sought, it is necessary for policy makers to know how the society and particular addressees are ready to accept them. Especially this is acute in the field of family policy: here, the decision on family policy instruments is important and may be effective only when it is accepted by families/individuals (especially speaking about instruments aimed at increase of fertility). The article is based on a presumption that communication between policy makers and the society is of a great importance seeking for a purposive public policy. The article is composed of two main parts. The first part presents theoretical background for analysis of communication between decision makers and society in the field of family policy. First, it develops the main characteristics of communication models between policy makers and society in general; highlights possible role of media in different models of the mentioned communication, and, finally, it lists peculiarities in connection with a particular topic of political communication, i.e. communication on the issues of family policy. The second part seeks to disclose the nature and main characteristics of communication between politics and society on the family policy issues in Lithuania. To this end, the article presents a media content analysis covering almost 1000 publication in the most popular internet news website in Lithuania on two issues directly related to family policy: economic and social situation of families with 3 and more children and economic and social guarantees for families with children.[.]

The article is devoted to the development of the question of humanism in Gajo Petrović's philosophy. For this purpose the Praxis school is presented as Marxist revisionism, original development of main Western Marxist ideas (alienation, false consciousness, reification, self-government and surplus value), as well as interpretation of Marx's Grudrisse and critique of Engel's Dialectics of Nature. Four different periods of the Praxis school are considered here: the first wave of the Praxis school and the Praxis journal (1964-1975), and the magazine The Praxis International (1981-1994) as the second wave. The third and the most dubious wave is collaboration in the journal (nereikia) Constellations: An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory (after 2002); and the fourth group could be the contemporary Subversive Festival (Subversive Forum) in Zagreb since 2008. The article maintains ("maintains" tiktų tik tuo atveju, jei norėta pasakyti "išlaiko". Jei ne, siūlau "presents" arba "discusses") the original character of the first generation of Praxis, its critique of Soviet Marxism, nomenclature and bureaucracy, authoritarianism as well as absence of creative diversity in the Soviet system. Comparative analysis of Soviet and Yugoslavian Marxist revisionism shows that original revisionism and the Praxis school were important issues in the formation of internal democratic opposition to power in the socialist system. The idea of revolution in the context of the. [to full text]

The article is devoted to the development of the question of humanism in Gajo Petrović's philosophy. For this purpose the Praxis school is presented as Marxist revisionism, original development of main Western Marxist ideas (alienation, false consciousness, reification, self-government and surplus value), as well as interpretation of Marx's Grudrisse and critique of Engel's Dialectics of Nature. Four different periods of the Praxis school are considered here: the first wave of the Praxis school and the Praxis journal (1964-1975), and the magazine The Praxis International (1981-1994) as the second wave. The third and the most dubious wave is collaboration in the journal (nereikia) Constellations: An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory (after 2002); and the fourth group could be the contemporary Subversive Festival (Subversive Forum) in Zagreb since 2008. The article maintains ("maintains" tiktų tik tuo atveju, jei norėta pasakyti "išlaiko". Jei ne, siūlau "presents" arba "discusses") the original character of the first generation of Praxis, its critique of Soviet Marxism, nomenclature and bureaucracy, authoritarianism as well as absence of creative diversity in the Soviet system. Comparative analysis of Soviet and Yugoslavian Marxist revisionism shows that original revisionism and the Praxis school were important issues in the formation of internal democratic opposition to power in the socialist system. The idea of revolution in the context of the. [to full text]

The article is devoted to the development of the question of humanism in Gajo Petrović's philosophy. For this purpose the Praxis school is presented as Marxist revisionism, original development of main Western Marxist ideas (alienation, false consciousness, reification, self-government and surplus value), as well as interpretation of Marx's Grudrisse and critique of Engel's Dialectics of Nature. Four different periods of the Praxis school are considered here: the first wave of the Praxis school and the Praxis journal (1964-1975), and the magazine The Praxis International (1981-1994) as the second wave. The third and the most dubious wave is collaboration in the journal (nereikia) Constellations: An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory (after 2002); and the fourth group could be the contemporary Subversive Festival (Subversive Forum) in Zagreb since 2008. The article maintains ("maintains" tiktų tik tuo atveju, jei norėta pasakyti "išlaiko". Jei ne, siūlau "presents" arba "discusses") the original character of the first generation of Praxis, its critique of Soviet Marxism, nomenclature and bureaucracy, authoritarianism as well as absence of creative diversity in the Soviet system. Comparative analysis of Soviet and Yugoslavian Marxist revisionism shows that original revisionism and the Praxis school were important issues in the formation of internal democratic opposition to power in the socialist system. The idea of revolution in the context of the. [to full text]

Energy security is an integral part of national security in Lithuania as well as Belarus. In the energy sector the two countries are both dependent on a single supplier – Russia, but the geopolitical and societal context of this dependence is substantially different. As a part of Western geopolitical constellation – NATO and EU – Lithuania stands for the democratic governance and private sector-based market economy, whereas the Belarusian regime favours a major state involvement in the economy and has entered various Russia-dominated integration projects of the post-Soviet space. Despite the differences that result in significantly diverging energy policies, there is still a common ground for cooperation between the two countries as well as for a dialogue between the respective scientific communities. In the special issue, the Lithuanian and Belarusian researchers present their insights on the conceptual and methodological issues of energy security assessment from quantitative, as well as qualitative approach.

Energy security is an integral part of national security in Lithuania as well as Belarus. In the energy sector the two countries are both dependent on a single supplier – Russia, but the geopolitical and societal context of this dependence is substantially different. As a part of Western geopolitical constellation – NATO and EU – Lithuania stands for the democratic governance and private sector-based market economy, whereas the Belarusian regime favours a major state involvement in the economy and has entered various Russia-dominated integration projects of the post-Soviet space. Despite the differences that result in significantly diverging energy policies, there is still a common ground for cooperation between the two countries as well as for a dialogue between the respective scientific communities. In the special issue, the Lithuanian and Belarusian researchers present their insights on the conceptual and methodological issues of energy security assessment from quantitative, as well as qualitative approach.

Energy security is an integral part of national security in Lithuania as well as Belarus. In the energy sector the two countries are both dependent on a single supplier – Russia, but the geopolitical and societal context of this dependence is substantially different. As a part of Western geopolitical constellation – NATO and EU – Lithuania stands for the democratic governance and private sector-based market economy, whereas the Belarusian regime favours a major state involvement in the economy and has entered various Russia-dominated integration projects of the post-Soviet space. Despite the differences that result in significantly diverging energy policies, there is still a common ground for cooperation between the two countries as well as for a dialogue between the respective scientific communities. In the special issue, the Lithuanian and Belarusian researchers present their insights on the conceptual and methodological issues of energy security assessment from quantitative, as well as qualitative approach.

Relation of power of self-alienation to phenomena of nature (Anwesen, Φύσις) and social engineering is discussed in the article. Nature is discussed in the context of mythical interpretations, conception of being here (Anwesen) of M. Heidegger and energy (energeia) in the philosophy of G. Bataille. Social engineering is interpreted from the points of view of philosophic interpretation of technique of M. Heidegger and theory of propaganda and public relations of E. Bernays and W. Lippmann. The article emphasizes controversial effect of nature and social engineering when stimulating, creating and removing the processes of alienation and social segregation. Natural processes and social engineering projects could transform alienation into source of development and liberation as well as stagnation and manipulation. Alienation is commonly interpreted as negative element or bad result of social-economic or even cultural processes. However, considering critique the aim of the article is to show necessity of self-alienation for development and especially transformations of individuals, communities, and institutions. In this context different social and propaganda mechanisms related to the providing of alienation are considered on the examples of contemporary phenomenon of social networks, nomads, and failure of multicultural politics in the EU. The conception of C. Castoriadis of representation, self-alienation and institutionalization is criticized in the article. The main point of. [to full text]

Relation of power of self-alienation to phenomena of nature (Anwesen, Φύσις) and social engineering is discussed in the article. Nature is discussed in the context of mythical interpretations, conception of being here (Anwesen) of M. Heidegger and energy (energeia) in the philosophy of G. Bataille. Social engineering is interpreted from the points of view of philosophic interpretation of technique of M. Heidegger and theory of propaganda and public relations of E. Bernays and W. Lippmann. The article emphasizes controversial effect of nature and social engineering when stimulating, creating and removing the processes of alienation and social segregation. Natural processes and social engineering projects could transform alienation into source of development and liberation as well as stagnation and manipulation. Alienation is commonly interpreted as negative element or bad result of social-economic or even cultural processes. However, considering critique the aim of the article is to show necessity of self-alienation for development and especially transformations of individuals, communities, and institutions. In this context different social and propaganda mechanisms related to the providing of alienation are considered on the examples of contemporary phenomenon of social networks, nomads, and failure of multicultural politics in the EU. The conception of C. Castoriadis of representation, self-alienation and institutionalization is criticized in the article. The main point of. [to full text]

Relation of power of self-alienation to phenomena of nature (Anwesen, Φύσις) and social engineering is discussed in the article. Nature is discussed in the context of mythical interpretations, conception of being here (Anwesen) of M. Heidegger and energy (energeia) in the philosophy of G. Bataille. Social engineering is interpreted from the points of view of philosophic interpretation of technique of M. Heidegger and theory of propaganda and public relations of E. Bernays and W. Lippmann. The article emphasizes controversial effect of nature and social engineering when stimulating, creating and removing the processes of alienation and social segregation. Natural processes and social engineering projects could transform alienation into source of development and liberation as well as stagnation and manipulation. Alienation is commonly interpreted as negative element or bad result of social-economic or even cultural processes. However, considering critique the aim of the article is to show necessity of self-alienation for development and especially transformations of individuals, communities, and institutions. In this context different social and propaganda mechanisms related to the providing of alienation are considered on the examples of contemporary phenomenon of social networks, nomads, and failure of multicultural politics in the EU. The conception of C. Castoriadis of representation, self-alienation and institutionalization is criticized in the article. The main point of. [to full text]

In the last decade of twentieth century the third wave of democratization caused transition in many of Sub-Saharan African countries. This research studies the role of Tanzania's and Zambia's political parties along with the effectiveness of democracy and institutionalization process in transition. The transition of African countries is not a fast overturning process. Today most of those countries stay in the frame of the second (transformation) and the third (democratic consolidation) levels of transition. The results of institutionalization research of party system showed that Tanzania's party system is assigned to medium level of institutionalization and pertain to transitional stage. Zambia's party system is assigned to medium-low level of institutionalization and pertain to the category of weakly formed party system. Tanzania and Zambia have not reached the full democratic consolidation yet. Therefore democracy process slowup reasons put the countries in the semi-democracy and grey zone category.

The article presents the findings obtained through the quantitative survey of citizen participation in public administration that was conducted during the March-April 2008. The object of research is citizen participation in public administration. The aim of research is to evaluate a perception of citizen participation in municipal government of Lithuania. The research questions that drive this study are: what is the impact of citizen participation initiatives to the activity of municipalities?; what is the relation between citizen participation and decision-making process in municipalities?; what are the reasons and areas why citizens can not participate in public administration?

In the last decade of twentieth century the third wave of democratization caused transition in many of Sub-Saharan African countries. This research studies the role of Tanzania's and Zambia's political parties along with the effectiveness of democracy and institutionalization process in transition. The transition of African countries is not a fast overturning process. Today most of those countries stay in the frame of the second (transformation) and the third (democratic consolidation) levels of transition. The results of institutionalization research of party system showed that Tanzania's party system is assigned to medium level of institutionalization and pertain to transitional stage. Zambia's party system is assigned to medium-low level of institutionalization and pertain to the category of weakly formed party system. Tanzania and Zambia have not reached the full democratic consolidation yet. Therefore democracy process slowup reasons put the countries in the semi-democracy and grey zone category.