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"Regionalism" published on by Oxford University Press.

The nation states in the Black Sea area have initiated many co-operative policies but the area also sees numerous tensions between neighboring states. The conflict-co-operation paradox, along with ethnic fragmentation and shared culture, are two of the most salient features of the Black Sea Area. These paradoxes are not the only force in the evolution of the region though. There are also issues such as ethnic and national identity, the failure of democratization, energy and resources, as well as the influence of other powers such as Russia, the EU and the USA. The key questions asked by the authors in this book are: to what extent is there an emerging regionalism in the Black Sea area? Is the Black Sea a region? What are the common interests shared by the former USSR states, the three EU member states neighboring the Black Sea - Bulgaria, Greece and Romania, and a NATO country - Turkey? Are the fault-lines dividing them more pervasive than the incentives for cooperation? Can we speak of a shared identity? The first part of the book places the Black Sea problematique in a wider historical and spatial context. The authors then take a closer look at the region and examine further the structure of the Black Sea area. They offer a perspective on smaller actors with great ambitions, such as Azerbaijan and Romania, and go on to make a comparison between the emerging regionalism in the Black Sea area and regionalisms in other parts of the world.

We review and analyze some recent research on regionalism. We begin by discussing how various studies have defined regions and regionalism. Because much of the work has been conducted by economists, we then turn to a summary of the economics of regionalism. However, it is widely held that economic factors alone are insufficient to explain regionalism's causes and consequences and that political factors are centrally important We analyze how domestic and international political factors have guided both economic regionalism and security regionalism. We conclude by outlining some avenues for future research, placing particular emphasis on the need to better integrate insights from political economy and international security in the study of regionalism. Adapted from the source document.

Continent, coast, ocean : dynamics of regionalism in Eastern Asia -- Contents -- Foreword -- The Contributors -- Introduction -- Part One: Putting Japanese Imperial History to Rest -- 1. The Success of Japan's Multi-Directional Diplomacy in Modern Times -- 2. War Memories and Japan's Relations with East Asian Countries -- Part Two: The Economics of Regional Integration -- 3. Myths and Miracles of Economic Development in East Asia: Policy Lessons for Malaysia in the Twenty-first Century -- 4. Towards a New Paradigm in East Asian Economic Studies* -- Part Three: Inter-Regionalism and Regionalism -- 5. Alliance and Arms: A Study of the Change in U.S. Arms Transfer to East Asian Allies, 1950–2001* -- 6. A Multicultural European Union and Its Implications for Asia -- 7. The Future Prospects of Multilateralism in Southeast and East Asia -- 8. The Historical and Cultural Legacy of Relations between Southeast Asia and East Asia, with Special Reference to Malaysia -- Part Four: New Knowledge, New Problems, New Solutions -- 9. Reinventing Traditional Values for Our Future: A Malaysian Organizational Response -- 10. The Dynamic Growth Order in East and Southeast Asia: Strategic Challenges and Prospects in the Post-9/11 Era -- 11. Islam in Asia: The Way Ahead -- Index.

We review and analyze some recent research on regionalism. We begin by discussing how various studies have defined regions and regionalism. Because much of the work has been conducted by economists, we then turn to a summary of the economics of regionalism. However, it is widely held that economic factors alone are insufficient to explain regionalism's causes and consequences and that political factors are centrally important. We analyze how domestic and international political factors have guided both economic regionalism and security regionalism. We conclude by outlining some avenues for future research, placing particular emphasis on the need to better integrate insights from political economy and international security in the study of regionalism.

Introduction: Regionalism under stress / Detlef Nolte and Brigitte Weiffen -- Stress factors and their impact on regionalism / Brigitte Weiffen -- Regionalism under stress : a comparative perspective / Tanja Börzel and Thomas Risse -- Multipolarity is in, multilateralism out : rising minilateralism and the downgrading of regionalism / Andrés Malamud and Eduardo Viola -- Constructing integration : resilience and political innovation in the EU / Ana Paula Tostes -- Facing the rule of law crisis within the European Union / Carlos Closa -- The mainstreaming of security and defense in the European Union post-2016 : building resilience in challenging times / Laura C. Ferreira-Pereira -- Mercosur between resilience and disintegration / Andrea Ribeiro Hoffmann -- UNASUR on the edge / Nicolás Comini and Alejandro Frenkel -- The Pacific Alliance : regionalism without stress? / Detlef Nolte -- EU-LAC relations after Brexit : regionalism and inter-regionalism à la carte / Susanne Gratius -- The EU crisis and the comparative study of Latin American regionalism / Detlef Nolte -- Regionalism in sub-Saharan Africa : structural constraints and African agency / Christof Hartmann -- Regionalism in distress : is ASEAN coping with global crises and power shifts? / Maria-Gabriela Manea.

Cover -- Contents -- List of Tables -- Foreword -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- 1 Introduction -- Why Rethink Regionalism? -- Rethinking Regional History -- Rethinking Regional Space -- Rethinking Regional Comparison -- Rethinking Regions in Global Perspective -- The Organization of the Book -- 2 Learning from History -- Early Regionalism -- Old Regionalism -- New Regionalism -- Conclusion: Towards Comparative Regionalism -- 3 Learning from Theory -- Neorealist and Intergovernmentalist Approaches -- Functionalist, Liberal and Institutionalist Approaches -- Regional Economic Integration Theory -- Social Constructivist Approaches -- Critical Approaches -- New Regionalism Approach -- Post-Structural and Post-Modern Approaches -- Conclusion -- 4 The Richness of Comparative Regionalism -- Eurocentrism and False Universalism -- Parochialism and Area-Centricity -- Integrating 'Europe' Within Comparative Regionalism -- Conclusion: An Eclectic Comparativist Perspective -- 5 Obviating the Gap Between Formal and Informal Regionalism -- Debates About Formal and Informal Regionalism -- East and Southeast Asia -- Europe -- Africa -- Americas -- Conclusion -- 6 Organizing Regional Space -- Types of Regions -- Institutions, Organizations and Networks -- Types of Regional Cooperation Mechanisms -- Intersecting Regional Spaces -- Conclusion -- 7 Multidimensional Regionalism -- Security Regionalism -- Economic and Development Regionalism -- Social Regionalism -- Environmental Regionalism -- Conclusion -- 8 Civil Society in Regionalism -- Debates About Civil Society in Regionalism -- The Pluralism of Civil Society Regionalism: Evidence from Africa -- Conclusion -- 9 External Actors in Regionalism -- Regional Market-Building from Outside -- Building Ecological Regions from Outside -- Constructing and Deconstructing Security Regions from Outside -- Conclusion.

This is a unique and intelligent work that challenges the dominant normative approaches towards regionalism. Based on the author's PhD research, the book navi- gates away from the overused regional comparisons with the European Union (EU), moving towards a South–South comparison; it also avoids treating regionalism in the South as sui generis. Mattheis analyses two regional organisations – Mercosur1 and the Southern African Development Community (SADC) – to answer two major ques- tions: how do regionalisms produce regions; and how does inter-regionalism change the nature of regionalism?