Naming and Shaming China: America's Strategy of Rhetorical Coercion in the South China Sea
In: Contemporary Southeast Asia, Band 42, Heft 3, S. 317-445
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In: Contemporary Southeast Asia, Band 42, Heft 3, S. 317-445
In: International Studies Quarterly, Band 56, Heft 3, S. 574-589
In: International studies quarterly: the journal of the International Studies Association, Band 56, Heft 3, S. 574-590
ISSN: 0020-8833, 1079-1760
In contrast to prosecuting and punishing committed acts of genocide, the Genocide Convention is silent as to means of preventing future acts. Today it is generally accepted that the duty to prevent is legally binding, but there is still uncertainty in international law about its specific content. This article seeks to fill this gap in the light of the object and purpose of the Genocide Convention. It provides a minimum requirement approach, i.e. indispensable State actions to comply with their duty to prevent: naming and shaming situations of genocide as what they are. Even situations from times before the Genocide Convention was in force must be named and shamed today. Although the Convention is not retroactive, events from the pre-Convention era are relevant. They are necessary links to strengthen a general awareness what constitutes genocide and by that cater to the (also) legal purpose to prevent future acts of genocide.
BASE
In contrast to prosecuting and punishing committed acts of genocide, the Genocide Convention is silent as to means of preventing future acts. Today it is generally accepted that the duty to prevent is legally binding, but there is still uncertainty in international law about its specific content. This article seeks to fill this gap in the light of the object and purpose of the Genocide Convention. It provides a minimum requirement approach, i.e. indispensable State actions to comply with their duty to prevent: naming and shaming situations of genocide as what they are. Even situations from times before the Genocide Convention was in force must be named and shamed today. Although the Convention is not retroactive, events from the pre-Convention era are relevant. They are necessary links to strengthen a general awareness what constitutes genocide and by that cater to the (also) legal purpose to prevent future acts of genocide.
BASE
In: Journal of policy modeling: JPMOD ; a social science forum of world issues, Band 34, Heft 5, S. 767-787
ISSN: 0161-8938
In: Journal of policy modeling: JPMOD ; a social science forum of world issues, Band 34, Heft 5, S. 767-788
ISSN: 0161-8938
In: International studies quarterly: the journal of the International Studies Association, Band 57, Heft 2, S. 219-232
ISSN: 1468-2478
'Information politics' INGOs such as Amnesty International have incentives to maintain their credibility by carefully vetting information about rights abuses committed by governments. But they are also strategic actors that may inflate allegations of abuse to fulfill organizational imperatives. This raises an intriguing question: When are INGOs more likely to exaggerate their allegations? In answer to this question, we argue that news media reporting pressures INGOs to comment for organizational reasons, even if the information available to them is poor. On the other hand, higher numbers of domestic human rights NGOs increase the quality of available information, and INGOs will find more credible information provided about states as the winning coalition to the selectorate rises. Yet, an incentive to exaggerate allegations under certain conditions does not imply that INGOs will always do so. Indeed, there exists significant observed variation in INGO reports about government abuse. To test our hypotheses, we employ a zero-inflated ordered probit model with correlated errors that permits us to model an unobservable probability (the probability that the INGO exaggerates its allegations) and correct for potential bias. Results provide support for our hypotheses, and suggest that Amnesty International adheres to its credibility criterion, rarely succumbing to incentives to exaggerate abuse. Adapted from the source document.
In: British journal of political science, Band 51, Heft 3, S. 1270-1291
ISSN: 1469-2112
World Affairs Online
In: Journal of human rights, Band 21, Heft 4, S. 399-418
ISSN: 1475-4843
In: Criminal Law Journal, Band 35, Heft 1, S. 34-45
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In: International studies quarterly: the journal of the International Studies Association, Band 57, Heft 2, S. 219-232
ISSN: 0020-8833, 1079-1760
World Affairs Online
In: International journal of human rights, Band 19, Heft 6, S. 737-756
ISSN: 1744-053X
In: International journal of human rights, Band 19, Heft 6, S. 737-756
ISSN: 1364-2987
In: This is the accepted version of the following article: Lev Bromberg, 'Numbing the Pain or Diffusing the Pressure? The Co-optation of PETA's "Naming and Shaming" Campaign Against Mulesing' (2021) 43(3) Law & Policy 285-313, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/lapo.12172
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