Suchergebnisse

Introduction: nailing down a moving target -- What is distinctive about NGOs? -- Post-traditional civil associations -- Struggles over recognition -- Misleading analogies -- Benign parasitism -- Summary -- Why did NGOs emerge and prosper? -- A moral sea change -- Spurring the growth -- Top-down internationalization -- Passion and professionalization -- Summary -- What are NGOs actually doing? -- Abolitionism as a moral template -- Changing narratives of good and evil -- (re)writing rules for the world -- Taming and backing the sovereigns -- Summary -- Where do NGOs seek involvement? -- Shifting issue areas -- Shifting scales -- The humanitarian presence -- Futures of humanitarian action -- Summary -- How do NGOs succeed (or fail)? -- Meanings of success -- Keys to success -- Inner and outer limits -- Should we wish them success? -- Summary -- Conclusion: paradoxes of organized goodness -- Notes -- Selected bibliography -- Index

1. Introduction -- 2. NGO management : the cross-cultural imperative -- 3. Cross-cultural interactions at the "glocal" interface -- 4. Towards a critical, cross-cultural perspective on NGO management -- 5. Research design -- 6. Recording everyday material practices -- 7. Discursive resources : framing non-profit management -- 8. Mimicry and hybridity : managerialism meets Ubuntu -- 9. Discussion and conclusions.

Original Ugandan data collected by the authors are used to examine the determinants of funding to local nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). Success in attracting grants from international donors depends mostly on network effects. NGOs that raise in-kind resources locally tend to be young and managed by someone who is simultaneously employed elsewhere. There is some evidence of crowding out: NGOs that receive grant funding are less likely to obtain resources locally, whether in cash or in kind. But this seems to be primarily the result of selection. Once NGO-fixed effects are controlled for, there is no evidence that NGOs receive less revenue from fees and donation after obtaining a grant. These results suggest that donors regard Ugandan NGOs as subcontractors of their development efforts, not as charitable organizations in their own right.

In 1997, we surveyed members of the Appalachian Trail Conference to identify characteristics and assess motivations of the active and nonactive members in this organization. We investigated the effects of social networks, competing commitments, lifestyle changes, personal growth, and belief of the efficacy of one's actions on decisions to become and remain active members. We found the determining factors in decisions regarding volunteer activity were competing commitments and efficacy. Active members indicated that the efficacy of their actions was most important in their decision to participate, whereas nonactive members cited the importance of competing commitments in their decision not to participate. Recruitment and retention of volunteers may be aided by increasing the awareness of volunteer programs, ensuring that programs provide results of which individuals are proud, requesting the participation of individuals on both local and national levels, and recognizing volunteers for their contributions.

Nongovernmental organizations are playing an increasingly important role in international litigation. This study will analyze the participation of nongovernmental organizations, primarily as amici curiae, in the proceedings of four permanent international courts: the International Court of Justice, the European Court of Justice, the European Court of Human Rights and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. After discussing the impact of amici in national and regional courts, it recommends that the International Court of Justice expand its acceptance of submissions from nongovernmental organizations in appropriate cases. The Court has a jurisdictional basis to do so and amici have usefully contributed to cases before other courts.