Suchergebnisse

HISTORY OF SPECIFIC SUBJECTS. INTERCEPT is the previously untold - and highly classified - story of the melding of technology and espionage. Gordon Corera's compelling narrative takes us from the Second World War through the Cold War and the birth of the internet to the present era of hackers and surveillance. Rich with historical detail and characters, as well as astonishing revelations about espionage carried out in recent times by the UK, US and China, this is the secret history of how spying drove the rise of the computer. Within the confines of Britain's Second World War code-breaking establishment at Bletchley Park, the work of men like Alan Turing led to the birth of electronic espionage and the first computer, Colossus. In the following decades, computers have transformed the business of espionage, from Cold War spy hunting to today's data-driven pursuit of terrorists and industrial-scale cyber-espionage against corporations

There is an increasing call for an historical perspective in organization studies. Clegg, Jacques and Burrell in particular combine this call with a Foucauldian reformulation of organization studies. But Foucauldians in organization studies have largely ignored the criticisms of Foucault from historians. We rehearse six main criticisms of Foucault from historians: (1) impenetrable style; (2) avoidance of narrative; (3) ambivalence to truth; (4) errors in historical facts; (5) neglect of relevant historiography; and (6) questionable historical explanations. We then apply these criticisms to the work of Clegg, Jacques, and Burrell. Clegg makes serious historical errors, and neglects criticisms of labour process historiography. The historical sources and historiography cited by Jacques are insufficient. Burrell's interpretation of the connection between modernity and the Holocaust is questionable in the light of recent historiography. We conclude that so far, the invocation of Foucault has exacerbated the problematic treatment of history in organization studies.

AbstractScholarly discussions of the turn of the 20th century progressive movement frequently ignore or give but glancing attention to the progressives' racial views and policies. Those who do pay greater attention to them nonetheless tend to dismiss them as being somehow "paradoxical" or inconsistent with what they regard as the movement's core, "democratic" principles. The purpose of this paper, accordingly, is to explain the origin and nature of the movement's core principles, and to show how the reformers' racial views and policies, far from being inconsistent with these principles, were in fact their natural outgrowth. The progressives' support for the colonial subjugation of the Filipinos, as well as the disfranchisement and segregation of American blacks, reflects, in other words, the transformation in the character or content of public policy necessitated by the reformers' rejection of the "individualism" of the American founding in favor of a new conception of "individualism" chiefly inspired by early 19th century German idealism.