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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are attracting increased attention in recognition of their economic role and their contribution to growth. SMEs represent over 95% of enterprises in most OECD countries, generate a substantial share of GDP and account for well over half of private sector employment. Most governments apply a range of programmes for the benefit of SMEs, aiming to alleviate their difficulties in areas such as financing, technology and innovation, management and exports. This first biennial report covers SME policy trends in 27 OECD countries and provides an assessment of

AbstractWith the intention of integrating environmental and social practices in small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs), a growing body of research proposes the implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and environmental management tools. Collectively referred to as sustainability management tools in this paper, voluntary management approaches range from environmental and social audits, indicators, and management systems, to reporting schemes and stakeholder dialogues. While the adoption of such management tools in SMEs has been increasingly anticipated in the academic literature, the rates of awareness and implementation for these management tools are missing. Furthermore, the connections between awareness and implementation remain under‐researched. Using a framework for innovation diffusion, the results from a web‐based survey with 176 German SME managers investigate these connections. Rogers' model is particularly useful to identify managerial and organizational characteristics that might explain why particular SMEs are more likely to adopt sustainability management tools. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment

The article presents indings from the research funded by the RFH grant «Development of voucher schemes to support innovative projects of small business». It provides an analysis of the legal status of micro, small, medium enterprises in the context of Russian legislation, considers the legal deinition of the «voucher», as well as a need and an opportunity to use innovation voucher as a tool to promote small and medium-sized enterprises. The positive experience of applying an innovative voucher abroad gives grounds to believe that this tool can be successfully applied in the Russian practice to promote small and medium enterprises. However, replication of foreign experience in the absence of the analysis of possibility of adaptation of this instrument may entail the adoption of normative legal acts, which do not conform to the objective reality and, as a consequence, have no practical value and regulating forces. Based on the analysis performed, we can conclude that the innovation voucher has good prospects for effective application in the practice of stimulation of innovative activity in Russia.

Small firm formation and regional economic development / edited by Michael W Danson -- Corporate venture capital : bridging the equity gap in the small business sector -- Kevin McNally -- The quality business : quality issues and smaller firms / Julian North, Robert A. Blackburn, and James Curran -- Enterprise and culture / Colin Gray -- The financing of small business : a comparative study of male and female small business owners / Lauren Read -- Small firms and network economies / Martin Perry -- Intellectual property and innovation management in small firms / edited by Robert A. Blackburn -- Understanding the small family business / edited by Denise E. Fletcher -- Managing labour in small firms / edited by Susan Marlow, Dean Patton and Monder Ram -- The foundations of small business enterprise / Gavin C. Reid -- The internationalization of small firms : a strategic entrepreneurship perspective / Shameen Prashantham -- The formation and development of small business : issues and evidence / Peter Johnson -- Information technology and competitive advantage in small firms / Brian Webb and Frank Schlemmer -- Entrepreneurship and small business development in post-socialist economies / David Smallbone and Friederike Welter -- The management of small and medium enterprises / Matthias Fink and Sascha Kraus

Tourism is one of the world's major industries responsible for economic growth, foreign exchange earnings, employment opportunities and regional balances in individual countries and across regions. This industry generates over 5% of the European Union (EU) gross domestic product and has strong linkages with other economic sectors. In fact, tourism triggers infrastructural developments that are related to the industry such as airports, seaports, parks, roads and rails. Within the EU alone, the tourism sector consists of about 1.8 million businesses. Most of these tourism businesses are small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) that employ 5.2% of the total European workforce that translates to approximately 9.7 million jobs, with a significant proportion of young people (EU, 2010). This chapter considers relevant academic literature that differentiates SMEs from their larger counterparts. It maintains that small businesses are often constrained by their size and limited resources. Arguably, the accessibility to finance is one of the most critical factors for the SMEs' inception and growth. These entities are often viewed by financial institutions as relatively risky when compared to enterprises from other industries. Therefore, this chapter contends that tourism SMEs may easily find themselves in an 'equity gap' where it may prove very difficult to raise capital for further investment. Consequently, national governments and other regulatory stakeholders are increasingly stepping in to support micro and small enterprises in many contexts. In this light, the European Union (EU) has reaffirmed its commitment for SMEs. As a matter of fact, the EU has drafted the 'Small Business Act' in 2008 and refined it again in 2011. The EU's commitment is quite evident from their frequent calls for research and training schemes in the subject areas of "SMEs" and "tourism"; where grants are frequently issued under 'Marie Curie' and 'Cordis FP7' programmes. Therefore, this chapter identifies specific policies and initiatives that are aimed at fostering a climate for job creation and competitiveness for SMEs in Europe. By the end of the chapter you should be able to: • Define small and medium sized enterprises in the European Union context; • Distinguish the differences between small and medium sized enterprises and large firms; • Learn about the European Union measures that are currently supporting the financing needs of small and medium sized enterprises; • Be knowledgeable of crowd-funding as an alternative form of financing. ; peer-reviewed

This paper attempts to examine the growth of number of sick units and to highlight the reasons for sickness in MSMEs sector in India. For this purpose the necessary data required for the study have been collected from Annual reports of Ministry of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises, Government of India. Lack of demand for the product and shortage of working capital are the main reasons for the sickness in MSMEs. As per the extant guidelines, a Micro or Small Enterprise (as defined in the MSMED Act 2006) may be said to have become Sick, if any of the borrower account of the enterprise remains NPA for three months or more. There is erosion in the net worth due to accumulated losses to the extent of 50% of its net worth during the previous accounting year. This criterion enables banks to detect sickness at an early stage and facilitate corrective action for revival of the unit.

The role of SMEs in assisting local governments must be seen from: Their situation as the main players in financial training in various regions, the biggest job suppliers, important players in the progress of nearby businesses and strengthening local areas and development springs. The closest legislature in understanding a proper environment for MSMEs is not yet fully understood, it can be seen from the system and public strategy arrangements that the poor have agreed with MSMEs so that MSME actors are hampered within the monetary limits of item advertisements actually limiting environmental level decision making so that Regional. Governments do not yet have options. to provide capital and equipment assistance. - tools that can be used by entertainer MSME actors so that MSME actors look for their own capital and tools to wear the hijab. In addition, problems also come from MSMEs related to amateur administration, this is due to the limited information and talented human resources claimed by MSMEs so that public authorities who have the power and power in making strategies must help the private sector to provide preparations for MSMEs. to pass through. so that their business can fill up at a later date. The purpose behind this research is to find out the role of local government in involving small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) through the fostered service and SMEs in Labuhan Batu Regency. The examination used is an empirical juridical methodology. empirical juridical method is a strategy used to solve problems in research by looking at optional information and then proceeding to examine important information found in the field.

Development of small and medium enterprises (SME) represents primary goal of every modern economy. It is complex challenge which includes great number of directly concerned parties in every sector of the state and economy. SME stimulate private ownership and entrepreneurship. Their characteristic is that they are flexible and can easily adjust to changes in supply and demand on the market. At the same time they open possibilities for increase of employment, promote diversification of economical activities, support sustainable growth and give significant contribution to export, trade and increase the competitiveness of the entire economy. Importance of SME for economy is undisputable. All research show that globally, more than 90% of all business activities are realized by SME. SMEs employ two thirds of total labor of European Union. Approaching to European Union presumes harmonization of the systematic environment and improvement of the climate of entrepreneurship, private initiative, development of SME. This determination has strongpoint in current world processes that prefer the development of SME, utilizing their profit efficiency and established advantages relating to the adaptability of small business to dynamic changes in economy. Problem of Human resources management is very sensitive issue in SMEs. Namely, in big companies there are entire teams of agencies or consultants are hired for selection and education of new employees, whereas in SMEs this work is done by owner or manager. Therefore, in this paper several facts were pointed out which need to be considered in selection of new employees, since every mistake in this activity can cause far-reaching consequences on functioning of SME.

Development of small and medium enterprises (SME) represents primary goal of every modern economy. It is complex challenge which includes great number of directly concerned parties in every sector of the state and economy. SME stimulate private ownership and entrepreneurship. Their characteristic is that they are flexible and can easily adjust to changes in supply and demand on the market. At the same time they open possibilities for increase of employment, promote diversification of economical activities, support sustainable growth and give significant contribution to export, trade and increase the competitiveness of the entire economy. Importance of SME for economy is undisputable. All research show that globally, more than 90% of all business activities are realized by SME. SMEs employ two thirds of total labor of European Union. Approaching to European Union presumes harmonization of the systematic environment and improvement of the climate of entrepreneurship, private initiative, development of SME. This determination has strongpoint in current world processes that prefer the development of SME, utilizing their profit efficiency and established advantages relating to the adaptability of small business to dynamic changes in economy. Problem of Human resources management is very sensitive issue in SMEs. Namely, in big companies there are entire teams of agencies or consultants are hired for selection and education of new employees, whereas in SMEs this work is done by owner or manager. Therefore, in this paper several facts were pointed out which need to be considered in selection of new employees, since every mistake in this activity can cause far-reaching consequences on functioning of SME.

The EU's Directive 2012/27/EU on energy efficiency obliges Member States to develop programmes to encourage small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) to improve energy efficiency by implementing energy audits and the recommendations that stem from these audits. This study looks at the barriers that SMEs face and the existing policy instruments in more detail and analyses which practices are working. The study concludes that SMEs cannot be effectively targeted with solely uniform solutions even within the same country and even though many of them face similar barriers. More emphasis is needed on sharing information and best practices and guiding SMEs to implement energy efficiency improvements after having identified the opportunities. The good news is that many good practices already exist and there is potential to improve. Now it is just a question of taking action.