Suchergebnisse

How do individual differences interact with situational factors to shape social behavior? Are people with certain traits more likely to form lasting marriages; experience test-taking anxiety; break the law; feel optimistic about the future? This handbook provides a comprehensive, authoritative examination of the full range of personality variables associated with interpersonal judgment, behavior, and emotion. The contributors are acknowledged experts who have conducted influential research on the constructs they address. Chapters discuss how each personality attribute is conceptualized and ass

"Positive" and "negative" social behavior was defined, and the key words in 3353 studies abstracted in the Psychological Indexes and Abstracts for the decades 1900-1975 were categorized accordingly. Studies were also categorized for their methodological
orientation, and whether they used animals, children, or adults as subjects. Results: (a) prior to about 1920, there was little difference between the number of positively and negatively marked studies, (b) since about 1920 there have been more negative than positive social behavior studies,
(c) recently there has been a significant increase in positively designated studies, (d) among the latter there has been an increase in experimental and psychotherapy studies using adult human subjects. These results are discussed in terms of certain influences upon research during this period,
and the broadening of behavioral sciences theories.