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Abstract The economic and political changes characterising contemporary urbanisation have generated unjust conceptions and configurations of urban space that, in turn, have sparked off unusual forms of activism. All over the world, heterogeneous groups of citizens have imagined and experimented with new collective actions to counter urban transformations producing social segregation, expulsions, erasure of public spaces and environmental destruction. However, the impact of these experiments on the production of more just forms of urbanisation is a contested issue. Following a line of thinking that grasps the sense of such experiences, rather than their greater or lesser capacity to change the course of events, this paper compares and debates two cases of urban activism occurred in the Apulia Region (Italy). The case studies are analysed with a focus on the narratives concerning the sense and feeling of injustice circulating within them and with the goal to highlight their contribution to urban politics to come. In spite of their differences, the analysis discloses a common concern: the need to free urban space from 'acceptable injustice' considered as a pillar of the architecture of contemporary urbanisation.

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction: Experiencing and Contesting Spatialized Injustice in the City -- SECTION I: Confronting Racialization in the Multicultural City -- 1 Deconstructing Socio-Spatial Injustices: Urban Poverty among Blacks in Toronto -- 2 Engaging Youth Creativity through PhotoVoice in the Multicultural City -- SECTION II: Disputing Urban Territories of Injustice: Arts and Public Pedagogy -- 3 Drawing as Repertoire: Three Drawing Practices that Resist Matter Out-of-Place in the Contemporary City -- 4 Embodying the City through the Arts, Community Engagement, and Political Mobilization: Agua, Sol y Sereno's Collective Theater and Cultural Agency in Contemporary Puerto Rico -- 5 Lament Poetry: Voices of Protest -- 6 Commemorative Pedagogy and the Work of Re-signifying and Re-integrating a Site of Horror in Post-Dictatorship Buenos Aires -- SECTION III: Contesting and Reproducing Spatialized Injustice in the City through Schooling -- 7 Between Responsibility and "Responsibilization": The Everyday Making of School in Buenos Aires Slums -- 8 An Integrative Approach to the Educational Experiences of Immigrant Students in Urban Settings -- 9 Educational Borderlands: Teachers' Experiences and Intentions Crossing Borders into a High-Status School Subject -- Index.

Intro -- Cover -- Half Title -- Series -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- List of contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction to the book: the role of place-based action in improving spatial justice and cohesion -- Part 1 Cohesion and the role of localities: research and policy debates -- 2 The localities approach: (European) cohesion, spatial justice and the development role of place -- 3 Spatial justice and locality: the conceptual framework and application -- Part 2 Spatial justice in local development -- 4 Approaching spatial justice in local development actions: a European comparative perspective on promoters, inhibitors, and achievements -- 5 Stigmatization and cultural foundations of spatial injustice -- 6 Drivers of place-based community development: perceptions of spatial injustice and the role of institutionally embedded responses -- 7 Towards spatial justice across Europe through place-based interventions: lessons learned from considering medium-horizon future scenarios -- 8 The RELOCAL case studies approach -- Part 3 Urban case studies -- 9 Innovation and governance to halt urban fragmentation: the case of the Commission for a Socially Sustainable Stockholm -- 10 PLACE/Ladywell housing project, London: a temporary local project with metropolitan impacts -- 11 Incomplete justice is no justice: learning from the neoliberal and elitist planning experiences of Euralens and EPA Alzette-Belval -- Part 4 Rural case studies -- 12 Polarization, centralization, and place-based policies in Greece -- 13 The struggle against territorial disadvantage in a peripheral Finnish town: balancing effectiveness and accountability in local government -- 14 Autonomy and LEADER: a comparative study of three local action groups -- Part 5 Conclusions and policy considerations.

The great migration of farmers leaving rural China to work and live in big cities as?floaters? has been an on-going debate in China for the past three decades. This book probes into the spatial mobility of migrant workers in Beijing, China, and questions the city?rights? issues beneath the city-making movement in contemporary China. In revealing and explaining the socio-spatial injustice phenomenon, this volume re-theorizes the?right to the city? in the Chinese context since Deng Xiaoping?s reforms. The policy review, census analysis, and housing survey are conducted to examine the housing rights of migrant workers, who are the least protected and most marginalized displacee groups in Beijing. The comparable studies serve to distinguish the displaced migrants from local displacee groups, and Beijing Municipality?s style of governance towards its urban informalities from that in other Third World cities like São Paulo. The reader will gain a better understanding of migrant workers? housing rights in China?s globalizing and branding primary cities. Audience: This book will be of great interest to researchers and policy makers in housing supplies, governance towards urban informalities, human rights and migration control, and housing-related social discontent issues in China today.

En diversos países de Latinoamérica y Europa, el progresivo desplazamiento de clases medias urbanas hacia pequeñas localidades rurales del "interior" ha pasado a constituir, en las últimas dos décadas, una modalidad sui géneris de migración interna. Los estudios rurales se refieren a este fenómeno migratorio con el nombre de "neorruralismo". Este artículo propone estudiar el movimiento neorrural desde una perspectiva geopolítica, entendiéndolo como proceso de (re)inscripción espacial de relaciones de clase y desigualdades históricamente configuradas. El estudio se basa en una investigación etnográfica centrada en el análisis de procesos migratorios que tienen por escenario una región serrana de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Explorando la dinámica cotidiana de las relaciones de alteridad entre poblaciones autóctonas ("nacidos y criados") y migrantes ("venidos o llegados"), la investigación identifica los modos en que las condiciones estructurales de desigualdad configuran situaciones de injusticia espacial y procesos de desposesión del espacio y otros bienes socialmente significativos. Como resultado, se plantea la necesidad epistemológica y política de una agenda de investigación orientada a interrogar la migración neorrural desde una perspectiva de clase, como también de diseñar políticas de la diferencia y la autoctonía orientadas a mitigar o revertir la configuración e invisibilización de geografías injustas. ; In many European and Latin American countries, the gradual displacement of urban middle classes to small rural, "inland" locations has become a sui generis modality of internal migration in the past two decades. Rural studies call this migration phenomenon "neo-ruralism". This article studies the neo-rural movement from a geopolitical perspective, understanding it as a process of spatial (re)inscription of class relations and historically shaped inequalities. The study is based on ethnographic research focused on the analysis of migration processes taking place in a highland region of the province of Córdoba, Argentina. By exploring the everyday dynamics of the relations of alterity between autochthonous populations ("born and raised") and migrants ("arrived"), the study identifies the ways in which the structural conditions of inequality give rise to situations of spatial injustice and dispossession of space and of other socially significant goods. As a result, we assert the epistemological and political need of a research agenda aimed at questioning neo-rural migration from a class perspective, as well as of designing policies of difference and autochthony to mitigate or reverse the configuration and invisibilization of unjust geographies. ; Em diversos países da América Latina e da Europa, o progressivo deslocamento de classes médias urbanas a pequenas localidades rurais do "interior" tem constituído, nas últimas duas décadas, uma modalidade sui generis de migração interna. Os estudos rurais se referem a esse fenômeno migratório neorrural sob uma perspectiva geopolítica, entendendo-o como processo de (re)inscrição espacial de relações de classe e desigualdades historicamente configuradas. Este estudo está baseado em uma pesquisa etnográfica centralizada na análise de processos migratórios que têm como contexto uma região serrana da província de Córdoba, Argentina. Explorando a dinâmica cotidiana das relações de alteridade entre populações autóctones ("nascidos e criados") e migrantes ("vindos ou chegados"), esta pesquisa identifica os modos em que as condições estruturais de desigualdade configuram situações de injustiça espacial e processos de despossessão do espaço e de outros bens socialmente significativos. Como resultado, apresenta-se a necessidade epistemológica e política de uma agenda de pesquisa orientada a interrogar a migração neorrural de um ponto de vista de classe, como também desenhar políticas da diferença e da autoctonia dirigidas a diminuir ou reverter a configuração e invisibilidade de geografias injustas. ; Fil: Quirós, Julieta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; Argentina

This paper contributes to the debate on spatial justice in a geography of regional uneven development in the EU. The purpose of this study is to provide a philosophically grounded and empirically informed review of how regional inequality relates to spatial justice. This is done inventorying spatial injustices through a systematic literature review, unravelling the kind of injustices based on a philosophical principle and categorisation of (in)justice. The paper starts with a discussion of how spatial justice has been conceptualised, looking more particularly into Nancy Fraser's egalitarian understanding of social justice. Her tripartite distinction of justice as (re)distribution, recognition, and representation allows us to re-examine regional inequality and to sharply formulate what is understood as just or unjust. Through a spatial reinterpretation of Fraser's prism, we then re-examine 134 empirical papers carefully selected with a scoping review method. Our results reveal six manifestations of regional injustice in the EU, which not only encompass an unequally distributed regional development of economic wealth and access to services, but also signal a cultural hierarchy imprinting territorial stigmas and neglecting environmental issues, as well as a political geographical divide of deeply felt rural and regional misrepresentation.

International audience ; Within the EU's multi-level governance system, there has been an increasing interest in whether and how an enhanced role of the local level in the delivery of cohesion policies could lead to more cohesion, or in other words, to improved spatial justice. Joining this debate, the paper analyses a particular application and adjustment of the "ideal model" of the European policy instrument Community-Led Local Development (CLLD). In its core lies a local, third-sector action from Kotka, a medium-sized city in Southeast Finland showing, in a national comparison, significant levels of unwell-being of groups of residents and neighbourhoods. The paper investigates how local stakeholders organise themselves to address social/spatial injustice and how this is affected by "multidimensional metagovernance". Additionally to a multi-level and relational approach to governance processes, linked to a dynamic understanding of spatial justice as an interactive combination of its distributive and procedural aspects, local autonomy is conceptualised in terms of two sources of empowerment, based on the two principles of power. One is how the "power of initiative" is expressed locally, evoking ideas of place-based capacities and perceptions and participation; the other is how the local level may strive to enhance its "power of immunity", its freedom to act without the control of higher tiers of government. Meanwhile, the complexity and fuzziness of the notion of "locality" is demonstrated as a terrain and subject of spatial injustices as well as the source of (policy) solutions thereof. ; Au sein du système de gouvernance multi-niveaux de l'UE, le rôle accru de l'échelon local dans l'exécution des politiques de cohésion suscite de plus en plus d'intérêt : comment peut-il permettre une plus grande cohésion ou, pour le formuler autrement, une meilleure justice spatiale ? Cet article, en joignant sa voix au débat, propose d'analyser les applications et les adaptations du « modèle idéal » promu par un instrument ...

Many disaster risk reduction (DRR) initiatives, including land use planning, tend to ignore existing long-term inequalities in urban space. Furthermore, scholars working on urban disaster governance do not adequately consider how day-to-day DRR governing practices can (re)produce these. Hence, following a recent interest in the political dimensions of disaster governance, this article explores under what conditions the implementation of DRR land uses (re)produce spatial injustice on the ground. We develop a theoretical framework combining politics, disaster risk, and space, and apply it to a case study in Santiago, Chile. There, after a landslide disaster in the city's foothills in 1993, a multi-level planning arrangement implemented a buffer zone along the bank of a ravine to protect this area from future disasters. This buffer zone, however, transformed a long-term established neighbourhood, splitting it into a formal and an informal area remaining to this day. Using qualitative data and spatial analysis, we describe the emergence, practices, and effects of this land use. While this spatial intervention has proactively protected the area, it has produced further urban exclusion and spatial deterioration, and reproduced disaster risks for the informal households within the buffer zone. We explain this as resulting from a governance arrangement that emerged from a depoliticised environment, enforcing rules unevenly, and lacking capacities and unclear responsibilities, all of which could render DRR initiatives to be both spatially unjust and ineffective. We conclude that sustainable and inclusive cities require paying more attention to the implementation practices of DRR initiatives and their relation to long-term inequities.

This HDR research paper aims at reconsidering the notion of "rural" in the light of the recent contributions of the spatial justice theory. One shall consider how such a category can make social inequalities embed into space, or even reproduce injustice against some of the inhabitants of the countryside.According to a systemic model, the analysis scrutinizes the meanings of "rural" after several of its dimensions: into academic, statistical and teaching discourses; into norms that rule local finances and the ongoing process of territorial reform; and into the practices of territorial planning, farming, leisure and nature conservation. Those three intersected levels - discourses, norms and practices - make appear a very efficient rural "dispositive", in the sense of Foucault, which is able to produce different faces of oppression and a political heteronomy against rural populations and stakeholders.However, spatial justice is also a moral project seeking the reduction of the above stated injustices. Against the Weberian model, which isolates science from politics – but keeping a the same time the formal requirements in the construction of the scientific discourse – this research opens up to an applicative field and suggests some interventions on the spatial levers of injustice. By doing so, we try to validate a deliberative approach of the scientific work where the scientific fact cannot be distinguished from its moral value anymore, as soon as it helps extending the scope of democracy in a more equitable way. ; La notion de ruralité, longtemps centrale dans les démarches d'analyse de la géographie, a été largement remise en question par les sciences sociales depuis plus d'un demi-siècle : il est devenu difficile, sinon suspect, d'assigner un contenu propre à cette catégorie d'espace et à ses populations. Les dangers du spatialisme, mais aussi la naturalisation fréquente des faits sociaux relatifs aux espaces ruraux ont déjà été largement démontrés. Poursuivant une telle approche critique, le présent travail ...

International audience ; Introduction In an article published almost two decades ago, G H Pirie (1983, page 472) wrote: ``It would be a pity indeed if the busyness of political philosophers was to go completely unnoticed by spatial theorists and applied researchers. Equally, it would be a pity . if this essay were to stand alone as a review of implications of that busyness.'' In that article, entitled On spatial justice'', Pirie reflected on the desirability and possibility of fashioning a concept of spatial justice from notions of social justice and territorial social justice'' (page 465). The present paper offers yet another reflection on the notion of justice as it relates to space and spatiality, to point to the ways in which various forms of injustice are manifest in the very process of spatialization, and the ways in which an increased awareness of the dialectical relationship between (in)justice and spatiality could make space a site of politics in fighting against injustice. As will become clear further through the text, the conceptualizations of both justice and space differ from the ways Pirie once viewed them. The paper is organized in five sections. The first section is a brief review of the geography literature which engages with the notion of justice, and serves to outline the theoretical position assumed in this paper. The second section provides an urban context in which a notion of spatial justice may be conceptualized. The third section is devoted to such a conceptualization. The fourth section presents the case of French urban policy in order to make the arguments more concrete. The concluding section is an attempt to define an ethico-political ground on which emancipatory politics in an urban spatial framework may be defended. The paper is conceptual in nature. Examples, however, are provided to stir the imagination as to the ways in which the dialectical relationship between (in)justice and spatiality may be conceived. The examples, therefore , are used to make this relationship more concrete, rather than attempting to provide a thorough discussion of the cases selected. Abstract. I attempt in this paper to conceptualize a notion of spatial justice in order to point to the dialectical relationship between (in)justice and spatiality, and to the role that spatialization plays in the production and reproduction of domination and repression. I argue that the city provides a productive ground for the formation of a spatially informed ethics of political solidarity against domination and repression. A `triad' is articulated to inform such politics, which brings together three notions: the spatial dialectics of injustice, the right to the city, and the right to difference. The notion of spatial justice is employed as a theoretical underpinning to avoid abusive interpretations of Lefebvrian rights in a liberal framework of individual rights. The case of French urban policy is used for illustrative purposes. Finally, the notion of e¨aliberteïs introduced as a moral ground on which the triad may be defended.

International audience ; Introduction In an article published almost two decades ago, G H Pirie (1983, page 472) wrote: ``It would be a pity indeed if the busyness of political philosophers was to go completely unnoticed by spatial theorists and applied researchers. Equally, it would be a pity . if this essay were to stand alone as a review of implications of that busyness.'' In that article, entitled On spatial justice'', Pirie reflected on the desirability and possibility of fashioning a concept of spatial justice from notions of social justice and territorial social justice'' (page 465). The present paper offers yet another reflection on the notion of justice as it relates to space and spatiality, to point to the ways in which various forms of injustice are manifest in the very process of spatialization, and the ways in which an increased awareness of the dialectical relationship between (in)justice and spatiality could make space a site of politics in fighting against injustice. As will become clear further through the text, the conceptualizations of both justice and space differ from the ways Pirie once viewed them. The paper is organized in five sections. The first section is a brief review of the geography literature which engages with the notion of justice, and serves to outline the theoretical position assumed in this paper. The second section provides an urban context in which a notion of spatial justice may be conceptualized. The third section is devoted to such a conceptualization. The fourth section presents the case of French urban policy in order to make the arguments more concrete. The concluding section is an attempt to define an ethico-political ground on which emancipatory politics in an urban spatial framework may be defended. The paper is conceptual in nature. Examples, however, are provided to stir the imagination as to the ways in which the dialectical relationship between (in)justice and spatiality may be conceived. The examples, therefore , are used to make this relationship more concrete, rather than attempting to provide a thorough discussion of the cases selected. Abstract. I attempt in this paper to conceptualize a notion of spatial justice in order to point to the dialectical relationship between (in)justice and spatiality, and to the role that spatialization plays in the production and reproduction of domination and repression. I argue that the city provides a productive ground for the formation of a spatially informed ethics of political solidarity against domination and repression. A `triad' is articulated to inform such politics, which brings together three notions: the spatial dialectics of injustice, the right to the city, and the right to difference. The notion of spatial justice is employed as a theoretical underpinning to avoid abusive interpretations of Lefebvrian rights in a liberal framework of individual rights. The case of French urban policy is used for illustrative purposes. Finally, the notion of e¨aliberteïs introduced as a moral ground on which the triad may be defended.