WE ARE LIVING IN TIMES of great instability and crisis. Everywhere there are troubling signs of collapse: mass shootings, widespread unemployment, potentially irreversible ecological devastation, and the consolidation of wealth into fewer and fewer hands. The interpenetrating crises within the economic system, the ecological system, and the system of empire are pushing the 1% to implement massive austerity programs, militarization, and further disenfranchisement of oppressed communities. But not everything is gloom and doom. In the face of the ruling class's savage attacks, heroic struggles are breaking out around the world against the manifestations of imperialism, capitalism, white supremacy, and patriarchy. Adapted from the source document.
Das Thema Führung wird im Schulkontext immer relevanter. Mit der erweiterten Selbstständigkeit der Einzelschule gehen gestiegene Anforderungen einher, die Schulleitungsrolle gewinnt stark an Bedeutung. Eine der aktuellen schulischen Herausforderungen stellt die Gesundheitsförderung der Lehrpersonen dar, die sich, u.a. vor dem Hintergrund der hohen Frühpensionierungs- und Dienstunfähigkeitszahlen, als neue Schulleitungsaufgabe sowie als schulisches Qualitätskriterium manifestiert. Ein theoretisches Führungskonzept, das nicht nur in Zeiten des Wandels auch im Schulkontext an Bedeutung gewinnt, sondern das auch bei der Untersuchung gesundheitsförderlichen Führungshandelns immer mehr in den Fokus rückt, ist die transformationale Führung. Vor allem die Untersuchung der Wahrnehmung transformationaler Führung durch die Lehrpersonen stellt sich im schulischen Kontext und im Zusammenhang mit Lehrergesundheit als lohnenswert dar. Der Beitrag geht daher der Frage nach, welche Bedeutung wahrgenommene transformationale Führung für die Lehrergesundheit hat. Die Forschungsfrage wird mittels Strukturgleichungsmodell unter der Berücksichtigung von Arbeits- und Lehrermerkmalen beantwortet. Die Analysestichprobe umfasst 3018 Lehrpersonen an 103 Schulen in NRW, die mittels standardisierter Online-Fragebögen befragt wurden. Die empirischen Befunde zeigen, dass die wahrgenommene transformationale Führung vor allem in der Dimension Individuelle Wertschätzung mit der Lehrergesundheit im Zusammenhang steht. Die Ergebnisse geben empirische Hinweise auf die Bedeutsamkeit einzelner Dimensionen transformationaler Führung für die Lehrergesundheit. (DIPF/Orig.).
Examines Condoleezza Rice's efforts to implement her vision of "transformational diplomacy" in the Foreign Service, suggesting that her focus seems to be on democracy promotion rather than management. Her model is compared to James Baker's model, her work in the Middle East as well as some of her early successes as Secretary of State are outlined, the importance of success in Iraq to transformational diplomacy's legacy is stressed, the impact of her tight-knit approach on State Department employees is addressed, the austere budget climate in which Rice operates is noted, and her aim to restructure those bureaus fighting terrorism and the possible merger of State and USAID are discussed.
This paper describes the key concepts of a transformational theory of organizations and discusses its validity as a practical conceptual framework. The authors argue that transformational theory, based largely on the theories of the Swiss psychologist, Carl Jung, provides a way of conceptualizing organizational process by clarifying and grounding a number of critical innovations of organizational practice. The authors characterize transformational theory's basic assumptions—the ontological commitment, the epistemological commitment, praxis, the theory of social relationships-and highlight the distinctive nature of these assumptions compared to more traditional organization theories.
Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether transformational leadership behavior is a function of the leader's own self-respect and his/her evaluation of being capable, significant, and worthy (self-esteem). It is also tested whether transformational leadership is related to innovation success.Design/methodology/approach– Data were collected from 411 entrepreneurs and managing directors of small- and medium-sized Austrian companies. The proposed hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling (PLS).Findings– A strong and significant relationship between self-esteem and transformational leadership was found. Furthermore, data analyses revealed that transformational leadership has a positive impact on innovation success.Originality/value– This study reveals the important but heretofore neglected role of self-esteem, defined as a manager's overall self-evaluation of his/her competences, as an important predictor of transformational leadership.
Purpose – The study is a contribution to the validation of the 15 items and 5 subscales Transformational Leadership Scale (TLS) proposed by Rafferty and Griffin (2004).Design/methodology/approach – The sample includes participants from different levels of the Estonian Defence Forces (EDF) military hierarchy (N=2570). The structure of the TLS was examined by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Additionally ANOVA was used to compare the results between different subsamples.Findings – TLS showed satisfactory reliability. Confirmatory factor analyses found TLS as valid five dimensions instrument to measure transformational leadership in the Estonian military context. Different management levels showed different emphases among the dimensions of transformational leadership.Research and practical limitations/implications – TLS will be an important tool to use in transformational leadership research in the Estonian military context and beyond. Additionally, the current research contributes to the development of alternative measurement tools besides the most commonly used MLQ. The limitation of the work will be the rather homogenous sample from the Estonian military, however it will open the door for the subsequent research using different samplings.Originality/value – The current research found TLS to be a reliable and valid instrument, very short and therefore easy to administrate, having the possibility to use it with five dimensional and as one general transformational instrument as well.
Purpose – The study is a contribution to the validation of the 15 items and 5 subscales Transformational Leadership Scale (TLS) proposed by Rafferty and Griffin (2004).Design/methodology/approach – The sample includes participants from different levels of the Estonian Defence Forces (EDF) military hierarchy (N=2570). The structure of the TLS was examined by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Additionally ANOVA was used to compare the results between different subsamples.Findings – TLS showed satisfactory reliability. Confirmatory factor analyses found TLS as valid five dimensions instrument to measure transformational leadership in the Estonian military context. Different management levels showed different emphases among the dimensions of transformational leadership.Research and practical limitations/implications – TLS will be an important tool to use in transformational leadership research in the Estonian military context and beyond. Additionally, the current research contributes to the development of alternative measurement tools besides the most commonly used MLQ. The limitation of the work will be the rather homogenous sample from the Estonian military, however it will open the door for the subsequent research using different samplings.Originality/value – The current research found TLS to be a reliable and valid instrument, very short and therefore easy to administrate, having the possibility to use it with five dimensional and as one general transformational instrument as well.
This article maps out and conceptualizes the way cinema emerged as a novel type of technology of the self and psychic individuation. It analyzes how cinema, in its inception, implemented a binding sensory dynamic that affected the convergence of spatiotemporal patterns into a constantly modifying hybrid self. Technologically animated images started to produce transformational spaces where the individual became problematized and regulated, not only in narratives and rhetorical figures, but more importantly, in the spatial patterning of perception, in affect transmission and collective organization. The article approaches cinema's bodily and psychic dynamics in topological terms and employs three basic concepts—continuity, nearness, and neighborhood—so as to problematize what has become of the question of the individual in the age of moving images.
This article introduces the special issue 'Transformational change through Public Policy'. After introducing the idea of transformational societal change, it asks how public policy scholarship can contribute to fostering it; the research questions we need to do so; what actors we need to study; who our audiences are; and how we need to expand our theories and methods. In our conclusion, we draw five lessons from the special issue articles. Transformational change (1) often results from many instances of policy changes over extended periods of time; (2) involves social movements that reconceptualise problems and possibilities; and (3) requires policy changes across sectors and levels of society, from local communities to national or global communities. As a field, Public Policy will (4) never offer detailed instructions to create transformational change in all circumstances, but (5) must involve scholars taking on different roles, from engaged scholarship to theory development that each provide unique contributions.
Research has demonstrated robust positive relationships between transformational leadership and employee attitudes and behaviors. To date, the preponderance of the literature has been leader-centric and focused on individuals who are already in leader roles. In this article, we adopt an employee-centric perspective and focus on behaviors of professionals who are not in formal leader roles. Specifically, we apply evolutionary theory as a theoretical lens for proposing that those who perform organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) will be seen as transformational leaders. We hypothesize linkages between four types of OCBs and four dimensions of transformational leadership. Multi-source field sample results based on more than 1,000 participants provide general support for the predictions. We discuss theoretical and practical implications.
In Mozambique the reform of the National Education System takes place through the de-centralisation, privatisation, and reorganisation of teacher training, revitalisation of Zones of Pedagogical Influences (ZIP's), creation of community schools, creation of capacity for intervention and support at the level of District Directorates, and curricular changes to include more relevant areas and teaching methods. The objective of educational reform which includes the decentralisation and curriculum reform is to make local bodies and schools more autonomous and increasingly responsible for formulating and implementing programmes. The decentralisation aims to create an atmosphere which is conducive to a more effective intervention of social partners such as the local government partners, community members, civil society, national and international organisations. Curriculum reform aims to create an environment that is conducive to a more learner centred approach and which improves the quality of education (MEC, 2006). Decentralisation brings many new roles and tasks for school leaders. Mozambican school leaders are being asked to take on unfamiliar tasks including curriculum development and to create a climate supportive of innovation and collaboration in their schools as well as to provide supplementary "on the job" training for their teachers, through classroom observation and subsequent discussion (MinEd, 1998). Schools are expected to become learning organisations, and transformational leadership practices are seen as having the potential to change a school's culture and create the conditions for improvement. It is unknown, however, whether school leaders take on these new responsibilities. The first question in this dissertation addresses this problem. Another important question is why school leaders do (not) take on these new roles. It is assumed, amongst others by the MinEd, that a large variation exists among school leaders' responses to these new roles. An interesting question then is to find out which factors appear to be responsible for this variation in school leaders' behaviour. Another research question deals with the impact of school leaders' behaviour. If school leaders exhibit behaviours aimed at school change and teacher professional development to improve organisational learning, individual teacher learning and teaching practices, is there actually evidence for improved organisational learning, individual teacher learning and teaching practices in Mozambican schools?
Draws on a 1996 study of 215 parliamentary deputies & 61 other politicians not elected to the Sejm to examine political elite perceptions of how politics were being played & what the elite's roles were in mid-1990s Poland. It is hypothesized that the Polish political elite believed it was obligated to pursue a sort of politically correct path toward market & democratic reforms. It is assumed that postsocialist elite attitudes & orientations had not fully coalesced by the mid-1990s; elite understandings were manifested indirectly in politicians' perceptions of each other & their evaluations of recent & current political developments; & these evaluations, & more general expectations about political life, can be employed to trace emerging elite attitudes & orientations. Discussion of elite understandings centers on these five areas: (1) opinions about desirable vs actual characteristics of politicians; (2) conceptions of politics believed prevalent among peers vs conceptions actually held by politicians; (3) ideas of "good state" & its characteristics; (4) notions of democracy as exemplified in ideas about the vital facets of such a system & the extent to which one exists; & (5) characteristics of Right & Left orientations & factors enabling or inhibiting consensus between those who hold these orientations. Patterned differences between party elites exist, indicating the possibility of conflict. However, this is ameliorated by a common drive toward market reform & democratic stability. It is concluded that party elites with conflicting ideologies & programs held similar views overall of how politics should & actually did run in Poland, suggesting a common perception of the work at hand, labeled here as transformational correctness. 5 Tables, 4 References. J. Zendejas
