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This paper looks at second-generation immigrants and the effects of inevitable' assimilation on their transnational ties. The dominant concept of transnationalism is strongly influenced by the experience of transmigrants moving back and forth between the sending and receiving countries or by immigrants involved in transnational activities. Research on second-generation Hindustanis in the Netherlands shows that their transnational ties are strong due to the ethnification of their community. However, their transnational ties are changing. The second-generation Hindustanis have a source culture and are developing new ties, while loosening relations with their parents' country. Thus, transnationalism is assuming new forms, calling for a typology of different forms of transnational relations.

"This book provides an introduction to the social and cultural aspects of transnationalism, focusing on the modern world since 1500, with an emphasis on the past 200 years. Topics include migration, development of cities, effect of transnationalism on marriage and families, the presence of transnational corporations, dress, religion and art. A key text for understanding our transnational world"--Provided by publisher

Investigating the relationship between immigration, middleman minority status, transnationalism and US foreign trade, the author assembled a census-based data file that contains aggregate-level variables for 88 foreign born groups by national-origin between 1980 and 1990. Immigrant characteristics and immigration volume were regressed upon time-lagged import/export statistics from the same 88 nations between 1985 and 1995. Results show the independent influence on exports of immigrant entrepreneurship, transnationalism and middleman minority status. But these variables had no effect on US imports; they only affected exports. The discrepancy between imports and exports arises because of the dominance of English as a world business language, itself a product of globalization. Foreigners need no help from immigrants when they export to the United States, but native-born, monolingual Americans need the help of bilingual immigrants when they export. Globalization has eventuated in the worldwide dominance of English, which causes this situation to arise.

Contributed articles

Introduction -- Asian Transnationalism / Ajaya K. Sahoo -- Part 1. Contextualizing Asian Transnationalism -- Part 2. Transnationalism and Socio Cultural Identities -- Part 3. Transnationalism, Education, and Infrastructure -- Part 4. Transnationalism, Gender, and Development -- Part 5. Transnationalism and Dynamics of Diasporic Politics -- Part 6. Transnationalism, Art, and Media.

"This handbook presents cutting-edge research on Asian transnationalism written by experts in the areas of migration, diaspora, ethnicity, gender, language, education, politics, media, art, popular culture, and literature from a diverse theoretical and methodological perspectives. The Asian region not only constitutes one of the largest diasporic populations in the world but also the most diversified diasporas in terms of their historical trajectories of emigration, geographical spread, economic and political strength, socio-cultural integration in the host country, and transnational engagement with the homeland. Divided thematically into six broad sections the chapters in this handbook critically discuss and debate some of the pertinent issues of Asian transnationalism: Contextualizing Asian Transnationalism Transnationalism and Socio-Cultural Identities Transnationalism, Education, and Infrastructure Transnationalism, Gender, and Development Transnationalism and Dynamics of Diasporic Politics Transnationalism, Art, and Media The Routledge Handbook of Asian Transnationalism will be an invaluable resource for academics, researchers, and students interested in the study of international migration, Asian diaspora, and transnationalism"--