Suchergebnisse

The global economy is in the throes of the strongest recession in history. This process is having direct negative impacts on the economic and social aspects of living standards. The EU and its candidate countries have their current policies oriented towards social security and the social protection of their citizens. This paper analyzes several questions: How are the EU countries facing the threats of the crisis? Are there possibilities for protecting the people affected with social risks? How is social policy in the EU prepared for such threats? What could help policies of social cohesion and which aspects of social development and opportunity exist for the people? How realistic are they? Should social policies in such periods be oriented to maintain the stability of the societies? Examining the social environment in small countries such as the Republic of Macedonia, how could they be organized towards realization of social policy during negative developmental periods? Are there some opportunities for better outcomes in small countries, or will they face the same threats, risks and consequences? Additional factors are analyzed concerning the expectations of the people and the possibilities for entrepreneurs and businessman to discover and to use their chances. Even in periods of crisis, there are some opportunities that should be highlighted and presented as market chances. Identifying them, examining how they are linked, and discussing how to offer innovation and to realize these market chances during times of economic crisis are the main focal points of this paper.

Proper hand sanitation prevents spreading of many types of illness and infection, thereby lowering the quantitative and qualitative costs of public and private health care. Research shows that thinking or knowing someone is watching you wash your hands in a public lavatory appreciably improves the odds of you doing so. Nevertheless, most restaurants place their hand washing facilities inside the bathroom, beyond public view. Reformers from the public and private sectors should work cooperatively to incentivize restaurant owners voluntarily to place their hand washing facilities in public spaces. If this uncompelled approach proves unsuccessful, reformers should seek to impose laws requiring that all public eateries place their bathroom washbasins in conspicuous locations. The discussion closes by suggesting ancillary improvements to test in pursuit of further improving hand washing rates and practices in public spaces.

Lecture before a joint meeting of the Royal African society and the Royal empire society, London, Oct. 29, 1953.

Regulation enacted by the Parliament in Oct. 1982, concerning proceedings against persons avoiding work. Issues of forced labor and the social usefulness of the regulation.

Background: Although depression is one of the most studied mental illness phenomena, the studies attempt to understand depression as different phases, turning points and transitions, but depression has an existential and social resonance. There is progress to be made in seeking to understand how people experience, cope and process, living with depression. There is a need of supplementary and alternative approaches that goes beyond medicine and traditional treatment of psychiatric disabilities. Aim: The aim of this study was to explore perceptions and challenging issues related to living with depression, allowing the researchers to get a deeper understanding of existential and social aspects. Method: A phenomenological–hermeneutic study design was applied, based on the French philosopher Paul Ricoeur's theory of interpretation. Data were collected through observations and semi-structured interviews. Findings: Several of the interviewees were lonely at home as well as at the hospital. This caused experiences of sheer isolation with feelings of sadness enhancing desperation concerning what to do with themselves. This could even cause physical feelings of pain. In different ways, the interviewees expressed how being with other people filled their lives with relationships and closeness. Health care professionals were focused on applying structure into the users' everyday life, shadowing the person's individuality, strengths and resources. The prioritizations between users and healthcare professionals were not always in concordance. The interviewees experienced recurrent situations where their authority and individuality were ignored or felt non-existent. Conclusion: Existential and social aspects are vital in regard to understanding people living with depression. However, personal recovery can be diminished by controlling structures and lack of a caring guidance, creating feelings of stigmatization missing out on autonomy, causing inner doubts. A recommendation is that we challenge institutional structures and accelerate education developing the healthcare professionals' empathic competences and ability to make wise judgments, empowering the users' autonomy.

Public procurement concentrates large public sector's purchasing power, and has a significant impact on each country's economic development. The purpose of public procurement procedure is transparency, non-discrimination and accordance to the principles of fair competition in acquisition of goods, services and works necessary for the smooth functioning of the public administration. Besides, public procurement can be one of the most important instruments for sustainable development and other purposes useful to the whole society and the economy of the country. This article briefly discusses the concept of sustainable public procurement, reveals its main ideas and applications. One of them, the social sphere, was chosen the main object of the research. The possibility to decrease unemployment, to increase an integration of socially vulnerable group, and to achieve other socially-oriented goals through an effective implementation of the social aspect of sustainable public procurement has been illustrated. Thus, the article analyses the concept of social procurement, assesses the current situation in Lithuania, overviews the good practice of other countries and provides recommendations for measures to extend the application of socially oriented procurement.

Public procurement concentrates large public sector's purchasing power, and has a significant impact on each country's economic development. The purpose of public procurement procedure is transparency, non-discrimination and accordance to the principles of fair competition in acquisition of goods, services and works necessary for the smooth functioning of the public administration. Besides, public procurement can be one of the most important instruments for sustainable development and other purposes useful to the whole society and the economy of the country. This article briefly discusses the concept of sustainable public procurement, reveals its main ideas and applications. One of them, the social sphere, was chosen the main object of the research. The possibility to decrease unemployment, to increase an integration of socially vulnerable group, and to achieve other socially-oriented goals through an effective implementation of the social aspect of sustainable public procurement has been illustrated. Thus, the article analyses the concept of social procurement, assesses the current situation in Lithuania, overviews the good practice of other countries and provides recommendations for measures to extend the application of socially oriented procurement.

"This book assesses Internet Addiction from different perspectives including variables such as family and social factors, self-esteem, loneliness, social anxiety, cognitive absorption and psychiatric disorders. It also explores the role of psycho-social variables in Internet Addiction and the treatments for Internet Addiction"--