Suchergebnisse

"How do social workers in the UK legal context act ethically? What do we understand by ethics and how does social work law relate to it? Social work practice in all countries incorporates a clear, unstinting commitment to social justice, but what is social justice? Using an applied, practice-based and refreshingly 'real' approach, this text bridges the gap between law and ethics. Each chapter open with a case study which considers ethical dilemmas in real life practice. Chapters have been designed to help students strengthen their critical reflection skills, encouraging consideration of the legal and ethical dimensions of social work generally and in personal practice. Through an examination of topics such as care proceedings, adoption, community care, youth justice, mental capacity and accountability the book demonstrates how understanding both ethical theory and its application to practice are equally important"--Back cover.

AbstractWhen T.H. Huxley lectured on evolution and ethics in 1893, his critique of the amoral laws of the 'cosmic process' left his audience puzzled. While Huxley paid little attention to political and economic institutions, this article draws attention to the historical materialism of that era and its twentieth‐century legacies. Empirically, it analyses the rise and fall of a Hungarian state farm with reference to the comparative literature on twentieth‐century socialist societies. Theoretically, socialism is considered as the combination of a materialist philosophy of history with an axial ethical impulse. In the aftermath of the collapse of the Eurasian socialist order in the 1990s, we can see why Huxley was right to deplore the 'fanatical individualism' of his age. His humanism resembles that of the early Karl Marx and he stands closer to Émile Durkheim than to contemporary currents in the anthropology of ethics.

AbstractThis article argues that underlying Thomas Hobbes' prescription for concentrated power is system of ethics based on his understanding of human nature and the biological processes that govern natural human function. His thesis in Leviathan is not so much an argument for how rulers should rule as much as it is an argument for why individuals should allow themselves to be ruled in a specific manner. The justification for accepting rule comes from right reason which, in turn, comes to us from the dictates of the biological organism. If the biological organism is functioning correctly, it supports those processes and impulses which drive self-preservation. Anything that corrupts these natural processes and impulses are said to contravene right reason. Ultimately, the author believes that theoretical discourse concerning the essential interplay between political ethics and human nature should include consideration of Hobbes alongside Aristotle, David Hume, and others.

Ethics,Governance, and Policies in Artificial Intelligence -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Introduction - The Importance of an Ethics-First Approach to the Development of AI -- References -- Chapter 2: A Unified Framework of Five Principles for AI in Society -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Artificial Intelligence: A Research Area in Search of a Definition -- 2.3 A Unified Framework of Five Principles for Ethical AI -- 2.3.1 Beneficence: Promoting Well-Being, Preserving Dignity, and Sustaining the Planet -- 2.3.2 Non-maleficence: Privacy, Security and `Capability Caution´ -- 2.3.3 Autonomy: The Power to Decide (to Decide) -- 2.3.4 Justice: Promoting Prosperity, Preserving Solidarity, Avoiding Unfairness -- 2.3.5 Explicability: Enabling the Other Principles Through Intelligibility and Accountability -- 2.3.6 A Synoptic View -- 2.4 AI Ethics: Whence and for Whom? -- 2.5 Conclusion: From Principles to Practices -- References -- Chapter 3: An Ethical Framework for a Good AI Society: Opportunities, Risks, Principles, and Recommendations -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Opportunities and Risks of AI for Society -- 3.2.1 Who We Can Become: Enabling Human Self-Realisation, Without Devaluing Human Abilities -- 3.2.2 What We Can Do: Enhancing Human Agency, Without Removing Human Responsibility -- 3.2.3 What We Can Achieve: Increasing Societal Capabilities, Without Reducing Human Control -- 3.2.4 How We Can Interact: Cultivating Societal Cohesion, Without Eroding Human Self-Determination -- 3.3 The Dual Advantage of an Ethical Approach to AI -- 3.4 A Unified Framework of Principles for AI in Society -- 3.4.1 Beneficence: Promoting Well-Being, Preserving Dignity, and Sustaining the Planet -- 3.4.2 Non-maleficence: Privacy, Security and ``Capability Caution´´ -- 3.4.3 Autonomy: The Power to Decide (Whether to Decide).

The purposes of ethics in organizations -- Managers lead -- Acting with integrity -- Building an ethical organization -- Leadership values -- Unethical behavior and ethical slippage -- Value driven leading : thinking in multiple dimensions

Existing approaches to campaign ethics fail to adequately account for the "arms races" incited by competitive incentives in the absence of effective sanctions for destructive behaviors. By recommending scrupulous devotion to unenforceable norms of honesty, these approaches require ethical candidates either to quit or lose. To better understand the complex dilemmas faced by candidates, therefore, we turn first to the tradition of "adversarial ethics," which aims to enable ethical participants to compete while preventing the most destructive excesses of competition. As we demonstrate, however, elections present even more difficult challenges than other adversarial contexts, because no centralized regulation is available to halt potential arms races. Turning next to recent scholarship on populism and partisanship, we articulate an alternative framework for campaign ethics, which allows candidates greater room to maneuver in their appeals to democratic populations while nevertheless requiring adherence to norms of social and political pluralism.

Existing approaches to campaign ethics fail to adequately account for the "arms races" incited by competitive incentives in the absence of effective sanctions for destructive behaviors. By recommending scrupulous devotion to unenforceable norms of honesty, these approaches require ethical candidates either to quit or lose. To better understand the complex dilemmas faced by candidates, therefore, we turn first to the tradition of "adversarial ethics," which aims to enable ethical participants to compete while preventing the most destructive excesses of competition. As we demonstrate, however, elections present even more difficult challenges than other adversarial contexts, because no centralized regulation is available to halt potential arms races. Turning next to recent scholarship on populism and partisanship, we articulate an alternative framework for campaign ethics, which allows candidates greater room to maneuver in their appeals to democratic populations while nevertheless requiring adherence to norms of social and political pluralism.

Julian Wuerth offers a radically new interpretation of major themes in Kant's philosophy. He explores Kant's ontology of the mind, his transcendental idealism, his account of the mind's powers, and his theory of action, and goes on to develop an original, moral realist account of Kant's ethics.

Introduction: theorising Europe and recollection -- History, memory, and trauma in Heiner Müller's theatre -- Contested pasts and the ethics of remembrance in Tadeusz Kantor's "theatre of death" -- Postmemory, vulnerability, affect -- Conclusion: European memories and the margins of Europe: Sarajevo theatre tragedy and Three prayers for one wish

In metaethics, there is a divide between those who believe that there exist moral facts independently of human interests and attitudes (i.e., moral realists) and those who don't (i.e., antirealists). In the last half century, the field of religious ethics has been inundated with various antirealist schools of moral thought. Though there is a wide spectrum of different positons within antirealism, a majority of antirealist religious ethicists tend to see moral belief as an historically dependent social construction. This has created an environment where doing religious ethics in any metaphysically substantial sense is often seen not only as out of fashion but also as philosophically implausible. However, there is a lack of clarity as to what antirealists exactly mean by "construction" and what arguments they would use to support their views. Religious Ethics and Constructivismbrings together a diverse group of scholars who represent different philosophical and theological outlooks to discuss the merits of constructivism vis-à-vis religious ethics. The essays explore four different kinds of constructivism in metaethics: social (or Hegelian) constructivism, Kantian constructivism, Humean constructivism, and theological constructivism. The overall aim of these essays is to foster dialogue between religious ethicists and moral philosophers, and to open the field religious ethics to the insights that can be provided by contemporary metaethics.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of India's public services and bureaucratic systems, and explores why widespread corruption and inefficient delivery have slowed development. It: discusses the underlying reasons for the prevailing inefficiency in public services; examines the complex linkages between ethics-based public service, India's cultural and spiritual heritage, and its current economic development model; and outlines ways to create an ethics code and an environment that is conducive to better administration and good governance. Lucid, accessible, and meticulously researched, this will prove essential to scholars and students of public administration, governance studies and political science, particularly bureaucrats, policy-makers and civil service aspirants. -- Provided by publisher.

Cover -- Prelims -- Imprint -- Contents -- Preface -- Introductions: Intuitions: Religious, Literary, and Ethical -- Moral Intuitionism -- Moral and Ethical Visions -- A Condition for Moral and Ethical Vision? -- Envoi -- Endnotes -- Part One: DISCOURSES -- Essay I: Understanding European and Islamic Cultures -- Lines From An Arabic Lyric -- Understanding Figurative Discourses Externally -- A Difficulty With Cultural Externalism -- Understanding Figurative Discourses Internally -- A Problem With Cultural Internalism -- Why Cultural Internalism and Externalism Fail -- An Objection -- What This Figurative Discourse Is About -- Envoi -- Endnotes -- Essay II: Figurative Discourse in Japanese Poetry -- Beside the Stream of Izumi -- A Culturally Internalist Account of Interpretation -- Interpretation and Metaphysics -- Interpretation as an Active Ascension of the Spirit -- Metaphysics and Aesthetics -- Interpreting Figurative Discourses Metaphysically -- Envoi -- Endnotes -- Part Two: APPREHENDING AND SAYING -- Essay III: On Being Enabled to Say What Is "Truly Real" -- Language and 'What Is Truly Real' -- Inquiring of Shinran -- Illusion, Deception, Lies and Foolishness -- Considering an Interpretation -- Hearing a Second Question -- Envoi -- Endnotes -- Essay IV: Apprehending Truths About Suffering -- Representative Eco-Ethical Claims -- Elements of A Mixed Theory of Truth -- Self-Referential Eco-Ethical Claims -- An Eco-Ethical Theory of Truth? -- Eco-Ethical Claims and Suffering -- Fictional Truths? -- Envoi -- Endnotes -- Part Three: ETHICS AND SUFFERING -- Essay V: Elements for an Ethics of Suffering -- Ordinary Senses of "Suffering" -- Special Senses of "Suffering" -- What is the Suffering in an Ethics of Suffering? -- What An Ethics of Suffering Tries to Address -- On Several Elements for An Ethics of Suffering -- Envoi -- Endnotes.

Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- INTRODUCTION -- Part I: Genealogies -- Chapter 1 Life and Death at Strangeways The Tissue-Culture Point of View -- Chapter 2 Immortality, In Vitro A History of the HeLa Cell Line -- Part II: Maternity in Question -- Chapter 3 "From Generation to Generation" Imagining Connectedness in the Age of Reproductive Technologies -- Chapter 4 Mediating Intimacy Black Surrogate Mothers and the Law -- Chapter 5 Body Boundaries, Fiction of the Female Self An Ethnographic Perspective on Power, Feminism, and the Reproductive Technologies -- Chapter 6 An All-Consuming Experience Obstetrical Ultrasound and the Commodification of Pregnancy -- Part III: Ethics and the Technological Subject -- Chapter 7 Computerized Cadavers Shades of Being and Representation in Virtual Reality -- Chapter 8 Chorea/graphing Chorea The Dancing Body of Huntington's Disease -- Chapter 9 The Ventilator/Baby as Cyborg A Case Study in Technology and Medical Ethics -- Chapter 10 The Ethics of the Organ Market Lloyd R. Cohen and the Free Marketeers -- Part IV: Biotechnology and Globalization -- Chapter 11 Reach Out and Heal Someone Rural Telemedicine and the Globalization of U. S. Health Care -- Chapter 12 Biotechnology on the Margins A Haitian Discourse on French Medicine -- CONTRIBUTORS -- INDEX