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To develop an impressionistic model of conditions contributing to the effective implementation of youth employment programs, 9 cases of programs initiated by the 1977 Youth Employment Demonstration Project Act in 8 US cities are analyzed. Open-ended interviews with program executives & staff (N not provided) revealed how successful programs held delays & financial costs to a reasonable level & met their original objectives. Executives in successful programs often acted as "fixers," repairing & protecting their programs & creating patterns of interest convergence among relevant actors, turning mild interest into active support. They acted as the public sector's "political hand," analogous to the market's "invisible.". Modified HA

Most individuals labeled severely handicapped remain unemployed in segregated institutions, activity programs, and work activity centers despite repeated demonstrations of vocational competence. This discrepancy presents a challenge to create alternatives to current services that will provide employment benefits and job security to individuals within the least restrictive environment possible. This article describes a program model that provides ongoing supported employment within a normal industrial setting to six persons previously judged to have severe handicaps. After 1 year, employees have dramatically increased earnings and productivity over previous earnings and national averages, and public costs have declined to one third the costs of alternative state programs.

Rejecting consistency as a normal state of human mentality, a concept is advanced that demands a distinction between the pragmatic & mythological levels in PO. Whereas the pragmatic level contains values & images that directly govern human "material behavior," the mythological level serves mostly verbal behavior & is used by people for demonstration of collaboration with their social milieu & maintenance of self-respect. Sociological surveys, especially in the USSR, often deal with the mythological level & get data that have little relevance to material behavior. Penetration into the pragmatic level of human mentality requires special techniques & is much more difficult than getting information about mythology. 55 References. Modified AA

Can the Red Cross help to maintain peace and should it not, alongside its humanitarian role, also fulfil a mission of peace? This is far from being a new consideration, raised by recent developments in the peace movement and by demonstrations in favour of peace.Whether the Red Cross, by its very nature, is a factor for peace; whether its humanitarian work should finally result in eliminating war, are questions as old as the idea of the Red Cross itself. Very early on, Henry Dunant declared that it was not enough to relieve the suffering of victims of war but that war itself should be banned.

Although Max Weber is often invoked as an authority to justify the distinction between 'normative' & 'empirical' theory, his methodological & theoretical works call any such distinction into question. All specifically social or collective concepts, Weber argued, derive from the researcher's subjective commitments & cannot be objectively valid. Weber's analysis of the role of values in the formation of collective concepts, & the sense in which he believed that social scientific knowledge could be objectively valid despite the normative nature of social conceptualization, are discussed, leading to a demonstration of the normative basis of Weber's own social theory & its consequent political prescriptions. Modified HA

An evaluation system was designed which directly addresses federal legislation for accountability m vocational education programs. Even though the system was developed to evaluate vocational education demonstration projects, the conceptual approach used to design the system and the system itself can be used to assess the impact of other types of programs. The evaluation system contains six criteria. Three focus on interim evidence of project success, while the other three address final evidence of project effectiveness. This evaluation system is a model that can be used by funding agencies to document evidence of effectiveness during a program's developmental years.

Working towards the goal of full utilization for our three Apple computers, the Western Pennsylvania School for the Deaf has made computer literacy an integral part of the high school and commercial programs and has also made this same equipment available to other departments as a labor and time conserving resource. This paper outlines the various ways we are using our Apples. At the Symposium we expect to demonstrate all the programs and configurations mentioned in the paper, including an "on-line" interactive program, how a computerized bulletin board system works, and a "hands-on" demonstration of how to adapt a commercially produced program.

Previous research on attitude to authority has not adequately examined the generality of attitudes across different institutional authorities. This problem is distinct from "authoritarianism " and its purported concomitants. In this study, five scales were developed, relating to the Police, the Army, the Law, Teachers, and Symbolic Authority. The five scales showed a high degree of internal consistency on cross-validation. The intercorrelations among the scales, and with a Radicalism measure, demonstrated a high degree of generality in attitude towards institutional authorities. Moderate validity correlations were found with relevant reported activities: church attendance, participation in political demonstrations, and having been in conflict with teachers.

Lorenz von Stein hält an dem philosophischen Anspruch fest, daß die Wahrheit in der Demonstration eines Ganzen geltend gemacht werden kann und daß dies Ganze als der Gesamtzusammenhang gesellschaftlich-politischer Allgemeinheit anzusehen ist. Er wendet sich gegen abstrakte Sozialtheorien und beschäftigt sich mit der gesellschaftlich-politischen Verwirklichung der individuellen Freiheit in Produktion, Eigentum und Verfassung. Die Verbindung von philosophischem Anspruch, politischem Realismus und Kritik abstrakter Revolutionstheorien macht Stein zum Theoretiker der bürgerlichen Selbstbehauptung im 19. Jahrhundert. Der Beitrag untersucht Steins Denken unter dem Blickwinkel der politischen Philosophie. Behandelt wird das Verhältnis zu Hegel und zu der Tradition bürgerlichen Denkens, für die lange Zeit die Theorie des 'Vertrags' zentral war. Mit der Erkenntnis der Rolle der Dialektik bei Stein wird die generelle Frage des Verhältnisses der Dialektik zur Vertragstradition des älteren bürgerlichen Denkens gestellt. Sodann werden die wichtigsten formalen Bestimmungen der Dialektik bei Stein aufgezeigt und danach wird diese Dialektik als Theorie der 'Persönlichkeit' - des politischen Subjekts - entfaltet. Diese Dialektik kann als Theorie der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft in Entwicklung gesehen werden. In Auseinandersetzung mit Marcuse verweist der Autor auf die Aktualität des Steinschen Theorietyps. (KA)

Describes a five-year research and demonstration project which trains and assesses the effectiveness of "barefoot" rehabilitation workers. The workers, all raised in rural villages in south India and familiar with the social structure of rural areas, received a few weeks of intensive training, including instruction in eye health care, basic mobility, daily living, and manual dexterity. Learning from experience, regular refresher courses, and project reviews increased their skills. The principal objective of rehabilitation was integration of blind individuals into family and community life. Results to date show service was delivered at costs low enough to be feasible in a developing nation.

In the past fifteen years African heads of state and the Organization of African Unity have striven with little success to unite liberation movements fighting the settlers and colonialists in their countries in Southern Africa. The first attempt was made by Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana and other leaders, and was directed at uniting the Pan-Africanist Congress and its rival African National Congress of South Africa soon after both were banned and forced into exile following the Sharpeville demonstrations. When leaders of both parties fanned out into the world to solicit support, some of the would-be supporters forced them into a makeshift marriage of convenience.

Contents: Tapol strongly disapproves of Queen's visit to Indonesia -- Campaign activities during December IGGI meeting -- Campaign for the release of imprisoned MPs, Australian MPs, TU and Church Leaders' statement -- Demonstrations and arrests during PM Tanaka's visit -- Tapols dying of starvation in Indonesia -- KOPKAMTIB is unconstitutional says Indonesian Lawyer -- A glimpse of conditions on Buru -- President Suharto's letter to Pramudya Ananta Tur -- Purge of all category C government employees -- Lawyers, students and professors arrested in new wave of repression -- Accused exposes torture in military detention centrre -- Amnesty International Report on torture in Indonesia -- The tapols, case notes: Mrs Siti Mudigdio, MP ; Njoman S. Pendit, writer and translator

Ghana is a warm and passionate country where people are not ashamed of emotions. Three outbursts, very emotional and very different, marked his passage. On March 6, 1957, everyone turned out in their Sunday best, prim and neat, the children lined up before their parents for the ceremony making their colony the first to attain independence in Black Africa. The British flag was lowered, that of Ghana raised. All eyes turned toward the man who had worked this great change and would now lead them toward the promise. On February 24, 1966, after the shooting stopped, hastily organized and often spontaneous demonstrations began.

A demonstration of the role of the distribution of income in promoting or retarding econ growth, in either free market or planned economies. J. M. Keynes' view of the importance of the double bluff of income inequality for 19th cent capitalism is explained in a Harrod growth model (R. F. Harrod, MONEY, London: 1969). The diff between Harrod's model & the neo-Keynesian emphasis on distribution is explained. Finally, it is shown that, to encourage growth, a rational monetary policy must take into account the fact that the distribution of income can create financial, as well as real, restraints on growth. HA.

President Nixon's decision to mine the harbors of North Vietnam, while stepping up the bombing at the same time, launched another wave of partial hysteria. The president of Amherst College made certain he was arrested for joining a peace demonstration which invaded a nearby military base, a convenient device which enabled him to transfer the problem of campus unrest to a new location. Theodore Sorensen made another of his frequent appearances on the "Op-Ed" page of the New York Times to remind us how skillfully John Kennedy, by comparison, had handled foreign policy, especially during the Cuban missile crisis.