Suchergebnisse

WOS: 000318232000057 ; We report on a multisite photometric campaign on the high-amplitude delta Scuti star V2367 Cyg in order to determine the pulsation modes. We also used high-dispersion spectroscopy to estimate the stellar parameters and projected rotational velocity. Time series multicolour photometry was obtained during a 98-d interval from five different sites. These data were used together with model atmospheres and non-adiabatic pulsation models to identify the spherical harmonic degree of the three independent frequencies of highest amplitude as well as the first two harmonics of the dominant mode. This was accomplished by matching the observed relative light amplitudes and phases in different wavebands with those computed by the models. In general, our results support the assumed mode identifications in a previous analysis of Kepler data. ; South African National Research FoundationNational Research Foundation - South Africa [73446]; NRF; Bulgarian NSFNational Science Fund of Bulgaria [DO 02-85, DO 02-362, DDVU 02/40-2010]; South African Astronomical ObservatoryNational Research Foundation - South Africa; UNAMUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [PAPIIT IN104612]; CONACyTConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) [CC-118611]; European UnionEuropean Union (EU); Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley; Italian Department for Work, Health and Pensions; Regional Government of the Aosta Valley; Town Municipality of Nus; Mont Emilius Community; National Research Foundation of South AfricaNational Research Foundation - South Africa ; CU sincerely thanks the South African National Research Foundation for the prize of innovation post doctoral fellowship with the grant number 73446. TG would like to thank NRF Equipment-Related Mobility Grant-2011 for travel to Turkey to carry out the photometric observations. IS and II gratefully acknowledge the partial support from Bulgarian NSF under grant DO 02-85. DD acknowledges for the support of grants DO 02-362 and DDVU 02/40-2010 of Bulgarian NSF. LAB thanks the South African National Research Foundation and the South African Astronomical Observatory for generous financial support. HAK acknowledges Carlos Vargas-Alvarez, Michael J. Lundquist, Garrett Long, Jessie C. Runnoe, Earl S. Wood, Michael J. Alexander for helping with the observations at WIRO. BY wishes to thank EUO for the allocation time of observations during the campaign. LFM acknowledges financial support from the UNAM under grant PAPIIT IN104612 and from CONACyT by way of grant CC-118611. MD, AC and DC are supported by grants provided by the European Union, the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley and the Italian Department for Work, Health and Pensions. The OAVdA is supported by the Regional Government of the Aosta Valley, the Town Municipality of Nus and the Mont Emilius Community. TEP acknowledges support from the National Research Foundation of South Africa. This study made use of IRAF Data Reduction and Analysis System and the Vienna Atomic Line Data Base (VALD) services. The authors thank Dr Zima for providing the FAMIAS code.

WOS: 000318232000057 ; We report on a multisite photometric campaign on the high-amplitude delta Scuti star V2367 Cyg in order to determine the pulsation modes. We also used high-dispersion spectroscopy to estimate the stellar parameters and projected rotational velocity. Time series multicolour photometry was obtained during a 98-d interval from five different sites. These data were used together with model atmospheres and non-adiabatic pulsation models to identify the spherical harmonic degree of the three independent frequencies of highest amplitude as well as the first two harmonics of the dominant mode. This was accomplished by matching the observed relative light amplitudes and phases in different wavebands with those computed by the models. In general, our results support the assumed mode identifications in a previous analysis of Kepler data. ; South African National Research FoundationNational Research Foundation - South Africa [73446]; NRF; Bulgarian NSFNational Science Fund of Bulgaria [DO 02-85, DO 02-362, DDVU 02/40-2010]; South African Astronomical ObservatoryNational Research Foundation - South Africa; UNAMUniversidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [PAPIIT IN104612]; CONACyTConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT) [CC-118611]; European UnionEuropean Union (EU); Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley; Italian Department for Work, Health and Pensions; Regional Government of the Aosta Valley; Town Municipality of Nus; Mont Emilius Community; National Research Foundation of South AfricaNational Research Foundation - South Africa ; CU sincerely thanks the South African National Research Foundation for the prize of innovation post doctoral fellowship with the grant number 73446. TG would like to thank NRF Equipment-Related Mobility Grant-2011 for travel to Turkey to carry out the photometric observations. IS and II gratefully acknowledge the partial support from Bulgarian NSF under grant DO 02-85. DD acknowledges for the support of grants DO 02-362 and DDVU 02/40-2010 of Bulgarian NSF. LAB thanks the South African National Research Foundation and the South African Astronomical Observatory for generous financial support. HAK acknowledges Carlos Vargas-Alvarez, Michael J. Lundquist, Garrett Long, Jessie C. Runnoe, Earl S. Wood, Michael J. Alexander for helping with the observations at WIRO. BY wishes to thank EUO for the allocation time of observations during the campaign. LFM acknowledges financial support from the UNAM under grant PAPIIT IN104612 and from CONACyT by way of grant CC-118611. MD, AC and DC are supported by grants provided by the European Union, the Autonomous Region of the Aosta Valley and the Italian Department for Work, Health and Pensions. The OAVdA is supported by the Regional Government of the Aosta Valley, the Town Municipality of Nus and the Mont Emilius Community. TEP acknowledges support from the National Research Foundation of South Africa. This study made use of IRAF Data Reduction and Analysis System and the Vienna Atomic Line Data Base (VALD) services. The authors thank Dr Zima for providing the FAMIAS code.

Lessons from the International Criminal Court and the Special Court for Sierra Leone

Conference
3,4 May 2012
Freetown, Sierra Leone

International criminal justice has become a weapon in political struggles in different African states. International court and tribunals, whilst often portrayed as legal bastions immune from politics, have proven to be inherently political. Depending on the definition of what counts as 'political', the politics of international criminal justice can be found at different levels. For instance, international criminal courts are created by political decisions, adjudicate crimes which are frequently related to politics, and depend on a mysterious and seemingly magical 'political will' for the enforcement of their decisions. Moreover, recent studies have shown how the International Criminal Court has become implicated in political struggles by making a distinction between the friends and enemies of the international community which it purports to represent.

This conference studies the politics of international criminal justice at these different stages. Some of the main questions include:
• How should the politics of international criminal justice be conceptualized? What theoretical approaches are helpful in articulating the political aspects of criminal courts and tribunals?
• What lessons can be learned from experiences in countries affected by interventions of international criminal courts? What is the political role of international criminal courts in countries such as Sierra Leone, Uganda, Congo, Sudan, Central African Republic or Kenya?
• How can we improve the accountability of those engaged in the politics of international criminal justice?

The conference brings together academics from different disciplines, including international law and political science, and practitioners in the field of law and politics (including diplomats, politicians, judges, legal counsels). While its main focus is on the International Criminal Court and the Special Court for Sierra Leone, contributions from other areas of international criminal justice are welcomed as well.

Submissions and selection
If you would like to participate in the conference, please send us a 500-750 words abstract of the paper you plan to present before February 1st 2012. We will select a maximum of 10 papers that can be presented at the conference. Early submissions are welcomed. If you are invited to present, we would like to receive a short position paper two weeks before the conference. The position paper should be max. 2500 words, outlining the main argument.

Please send your paper proposal to:
Prof. dr. W.G. Werner
w.werner@rechten.vu.nl

Conference fee
The fee for the conference is 100 Euro. The money from the fees will be used to provide financial support for scholars or practitioners from (West-)African countries coming to the conference. If you would like to receive such support, please let us know before February 15th 2012.
Attendees from African countries are entitled to a waiver of the fee.

When an all-male class of 16 students entered the new University of Massachusetts Medical School in 1970, they might well have wondered whether they were making a huge mistake. Undoubtedly they took an enormous risk. The entire school—faculty, students, staff, laboratories, offices and classrooms—was housed in a small converted warehouse. The faculty probably had their doubts as well. Not so Dr. Lamar Soutter, the school's founding dean and guiding spirit. No matter how many times the state legislature threatened to withhold the school's funding, or how many governors threatened to shut it down altogether, Soutter knew he could outlast them all. The University of Massachusetts Medical School, chartered in 1962 and opened in 1970, was one of a cohort of medical schools founded in response to fears of a physician shortage. In Massachusetts, this translated into a call for more opportunities for the state's students to attend an affordable school where, it was hoped, they would deliver primary care to the people of their home state. Yet, Dean Soutter and the original faculty, most of whom were basic scientists recruited from Boston medical schools, were equally devoted to basic research and tertiary care medicine. This book tells the story of the school's struggle, and eventual success in reconciling the demands of primary care education with world-class research. A revised version of this online history titled Beating the Odds: The University of Massachusetts Medical School, a History, 1962-2012 (TidePool Press, 2017), is available in hard cover from the publisher, from Amazon, or at the UMMS book store. Author biography Ellen S. More, Ph.D., a historian of medicine, is Professor Emeritus of psychiatry at the University of Massachusetts Medical School. Specializing in the history of the American medical profession, the history of women physicians, and the history of medical education, she was the founding head of the Office of Medical History and Archives, Lamar Soutter Library, at UMass Medical School. She is the author or editor of four books, including Restoring the Balance: Women Physicians and the Profession of Medicine, 1850-1995 (Harvard), winner of the Rossiter Prize from the History of Science Society, Women Physicians and the Cultures of Medicine (Johns Hopkins), co-edited with Elizabeth Fee and Manon Parry, winner of the Best Publication award from the Archivists and Librarians of the History of the Health Sciences, The Empathic Practitioner: Empathy, Gender, and Medicine (Rutgers), co-edited with Maureen Milligan, and Beating the Odds: The University of Massachusetts Medical School, a History, 1962-2012 (TidePool Press, 2017), a revised, corrected, and updated version of The University of Massachusetts Medical School: Integrating Primary Care and Biomedical Research. More was also the Visiting Curator for the National Library of Medicine's exhibition "Changing the Face of Medicine," available online at https://cfmedicine.nlm.nih.gov/. ; https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/umms_history/1000/thumbnail.jpg

Khaldoun,Nijem:Hebron University Rita,Giacaman:Community and Public Health Petter,Kristensen:National Institute of Occupational Health (STAMI) ; After the Oslo Peace Agreement between Israel and the Palestinian Liberation Organization in 1993, the Norwegian Government decided to finance projects in research and higher education between Norwegian and Palestinian institutions. In 1994, the former Rector of the University of Oslo, Prof Lucy Smith, headed a delegation to all eight Palestinian universities, two in the Gaza Strip and six in the West Bank. The local organiser was Prof Gabi Baramki, Palestinian Council for Higher Education. Dr Ebba Wergeland and Prof Espen Bjertness represented the Faculty of Medicine of University of Oslo. Representatives from the Palestinian universities presented research ideas to be considered for cooperation with University of Oslo. Hebron University presented an occupational health project among shoe factory workers, and the Institute of Community and Public Health (ICPH) at Birzeit University presented a nutritional project. Nutritional transition from traditional food based primarily on vegetables and fruits to a more westernised and processed food, combined with decreasing population physical activity, and subsequent increased risk of non-communicable diseases prompted the project. Occupational health and hygiene research has traditionally been under-recognised, even in developed countries. Awareness of health effects due to poor working conditions should be highlighted in a nation of state building. Knowledge, based on research about those health effects, is emphasised as an important component of national health plans, which aim at protecting workers. High unemployment rates, uncertainty about the future, and absence of control due to Israeli occupation contributed to a low focus on the adverse occupational health effects for both workers and employers. The project ideas resulted in a continuous cooperation from 1995 to 2009, between the Department of General Practice and Community Medicine, University of Oslo, Birzeit University, and Hebron University. For short periods, the cooperation included the Gaza Community Mental Health Programme and the Palestinian Ministry of Health in the Gaza Strip. During the early 1995 project planning phase, which involved Rita Giacaman, Awni Khatib, Gerd Holmboe-Ottesen, Petter Kristensen, and Espen Bjertness, training of local faculty and researchers at the PhD level was considered important. The first project between Hebron University and University of Oslo supported the training of two PhD candidates from Birzeit University and one from Hebron University. Early in the project cooperation, creation of a centre for Occupational Epidemiology at Hebron University and a centre for Epidemiology at Birzeit University became clear important goals. The research focus mainly dealt with central Public Health and occupational health challenges in the occupied Palestinian territory (oPt), and the training emphasised a fundamental component of public health research, notably epidemiological research methods. Furthermore, the cooperation contributed to the establishment of a Master Programme in Public Health at ICPH which we aim to develop into a Ph.D programme. Finally, the 15 years of cooperation contributed to publication of The Lancet Series in 2009, health in the oPt

Academician, Dr. Jur. professor Juhan Vaabel was the first representative of Estonian intelligence to acquire the highest academic degree in financial law in the course of his studies and scientific work. Professor Juhan Vaabel was highly educated and able scientist and practitioner, whose life was influenced by extraordinary schisms in the development of the society: difficult wars and fatal choices. J. Vaabels educational process and becoming a scientist is noteworthy having lasted for about 20 years. Of these years he spent 10 acquiring primary and secondary education, having participated in Estonian Liberation War in 1919. He then continued his studies in Tartu University and finished the Faculty of Law in 1924 with a I grade diploma. The same year he was appointed a grantee to the Tartu University Chair of Financial Law. During 1926 – 1929 he continued as a Tartu University grantee in Prague and Paris. Due to foreign connections he became a correspondent member at the Fiscal Committee of the League of Nations. He accepted a job as teacher in Tartu University and at the same time became a counselor in the Ministry of Economics of Estonian Republic where he soon became the director of the Finance Department. In that office he made a name for himself as an outstanding specialist in finance. In 1932 The Tax Research Foundation of the USA elected him to be their member. In 1933 it was followed by his appointment as a correspondent member of the Institutio di Studi Legislativi of Rome. In 1934 J.Vaabel defended his doctor thesis "The Principal Problems of Estonian Tax Law" in Tartu University. His scientific work was noted for his ability to explain the essence of concepts, novelty of approach to scientific questions and knowledge of contemporary dogmas. Unfortunately J. Vaabels life was unfavorably affected by the political events in the 1930-s. Having participated in the Liberation War in 1919 he was connected to the movement of liberators. His name came up in the list of the liberator's government as the Minister of Economics although he denied this role. In 1935 he was divested from the state office and from the job in Tartu University. Offended by J. Päts's such decision he joined the "june communists" in the 1930-s, who appointed him the first deputy to Chancellor of the Exchequer and the President of Estonian Central Bank. He was also appointed a professor at the Chair of Finance and Credit Economics at Tartu University, Director of the Chair and Dean of the faculty where he worked for 24 years. In 1946 he became an academician at the Academy of Science of ESSR. He participated in the activities of Students Association "Union" as a member of the board, deputy chairman and director of state law section. He was also the Chairman of State Saving Association and Chairman of Patent Appellation Committee. The heritage of J. Vaabel is his scientific work of finance law which is still current today.

Cassava is a key food security crop in sub-Saharan Africa, and is increasingly offering opportunities for income generation from the sale of fresh roots, cuttings and diverse processed products. The total fresh root production is increasingly constrained, by the two principal biotic constraints; cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD). Considerable successes have been achieved in mitigating the effects of the CMD pandemic through the multiplication and dissemination of CMD-resistant varieties, but severe CMD continues to spread. In more recent years, there has been a rapid and devastating outbreak of CBSD, especially in the Great Lakes region where it was not prevalent. Outbreaks have been reported in parts of Uganda, Kenya, Rwanda and Tanzania near Lake Victoria, and reports were also received of CBSD-like symptoms in the western part of the Democratic Republic of Congo. Recent reports have confirmed that CBSD is comprised of two distinct species of viruses, Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV) and Cassava brown streak Uganda virus (CBSUV). The most effective and realistic approach to reducing losses to CMD and CBSD is the use of host-plant resistance or the deployment of lesssusceptible cultivars. Cassava trials were therefore, established in Uganda to screen cassava germplasm for resistance to CBSD from 2005/2006 to date. In 2009 fourteen clones that combined dual resistance to CMD and CBSD with good cooking qualities were selected in collaboration with farmers. The fourteen clones were: MM 06/0013, MM 06/0090, MM 06/0130, MM 06/0143, MM 06/0139, MM 06/0082, MM 06/0128, MM 06/0123, MM 06/0083, MM 06/0046, MM 06/0112, MM 06/0074, MM 06/0005 and MM 06/0138. They significantly differed in fresh root yielding ability, which ranged from 3.8 to 25.2 T/ha with a mean 12.3 t/ha. In contrast, the improved check (TME 204) yielded 4.8 t/ha. Their dry matter content ranged from 29.4 to 47.7%. The 14 clones were sent to the Kenya Plant Health Inspectorate Services (KEPHIS), Muguga, Kenya for cleaning and virus indexing ready for regional distribution. However, when the clones were evaluated across three sites during the 2009/2010 season, only three (MM 06/0082, MM 06/ 0123 and MM 06/0128) showed tolerance to CBSD. The three new clones would be the major arsenal against CBSD and specifically CBSUV, in all the midaltitude regions of the Great Lakes region. Most importantly, farmers will need to evaluate these new clones under actual field conditions for dual resistance to CMD and CBSD, as well as for utilization characteristics. The best of them will be used in further disease-resistance breeding among national programs in other countries in the Great Lakes region such as Burundi, Rwanda, Kenya, Tanzania and DR Congo. ; Peer Review

Traffic safety is a big concern of many modern societies. Every year, car accidents cause many injuries and fatalities. This has aected many car manufacturers and governments equally. While governments try to reduce the number of accidents by educating drivers or imposing regulations, car manufacturers have successfully incorporated diverse safety functions such as seat belts, anti-lock breaking systems, or airbags in their vehicles. Recent advances in communication technologies have given rise to new approaches for advancing vehicular safety even more: having vehicles and the road infrastructure communicating with each other will enable new safety systems that can also take the behavior of other road users into consideration. The information provided by the infrastructure stems from roadside sensors that continuously measure traffic and track vehicles. Parameters of interest are, among others, vehicle class or vehicle speed.Clearly, many sensors for estimating these parameters exist. However, these are often too limited, too expensive for maintenance, or not developed well enough in order to be deployed in large scale. For example, vision-based systems can provide very comprehensive information, as long as the line of sight is not obstructed and enough computational resources are available. On the other hand, miniaturized sensors are becoming more and more popular in conjunction with wireless sensor networks. This approach is also put forth in this work. The aim of the thesis is to examine the potential of using accelerometers mounted on the road surface for estimating parameters of vehicles passing the sensor.In the four research papers composing this thesis, it is shown that this novel approach is viable. First, the feasibility is analyzed based on measurements of real traffic and research challenges are identied. The two rst applications are derived from that: vehicle detection and wheelbase estimation, where the latter can only be achieved under the knowledge of a vehicle's speed. Then, the underlying mechanisms, namely wave propagation in the road is examined in a system identication framework. It is found that Lamb waves, that is, waves in a thin plate, are predominant and a model for describing this is proposed. Finally, an Extended Kalman Filter for vehicle tracking based on a moving constant force and the wave propagation model is proposed. As a result, estimations of the vehicle velocity and wheelbase are automatically obtained.It is indicated that future research should further rene the physical model of the source (vehicle) as well as the wave propagation and also improve the proposed Kalman Filter. Furthermore, there is still a lot of potential in exploiting other features of the measured signal. ; Godkänd; 2012; 20120404 (rolhos); LICENTIATSEMINARIUM Ämnesområde: Reglerteknik/Automatic Control Examinator: Bitr professor Wolfgang Birk, Institutionen för system- och rymdteknik, Luleå tekniska universitet Diskutant: Tekn dr Johan Casselgren, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, Luleå tekniska universitet Tid: Onsdag den 16 maj 2012 kl 10.00 Plats: A1545, Luleå tekniska universitet

QM-AI-12-002-EN-C (print)/QM-AI-12-002-EN-N (online) ; THINK Policy Briefs are abbreviated versions of THINK Reports. ; The objective of the 5th report of THINK has been to formulate policy recommendations to the European Commission (DG Energy) on offshore grids, and this brief is derived from that report. The development of an offshore grid is able to play a significant role in the accomplishment of the EU energy and climate objectives. The total installed capacity of offshore wind farms is expected to increase from the existing 3 GW to about 40 GW by 2020. The number one priority project in the recently proposed EU infrastructure package is the Northern Seas offshore grid. There are two possible offshore grid developments (Figure 1): there could be a multiplication of standalone lines, which already exists today; or there could also be a transition towards combined solutions, which requires more advanced grid technology than what is currently on the shelf. The first would correspond to an increase of shore to shore investments to exchange energy across borders or to relieve congestion within an onshore grid, and an increase in farm to shore investments to connect offshore wind farms to the existing onshore grid. The second instead would imply mixed investments, combining the connection of offshore wind farms with the creation of interconnection capacity. The potential for EU added value depends on which of these alternative offshore grid developments will prevail. The economic case for combined solutions is still uncertain, but regulation needs to be proactive to avoid compromising this possible offshore grid development. It means that we have to address the fact that the currently mainly national regulatory frames for farm to shore and shore to shore investments are unsound, and the difficulties to design and develop combined solutions are tremendous. We recommend the European Commission to take initiatives to: 1// harmonize into economically sound regulatory frames for offshore transmission investments; 2// harmonize the renewable support schemes for offshore wind farms; 3// facilitate the ex-ante allocation of costs and benefits of offshore transmission investments; 4// speed-up offshore grid technology development; 5// adapt the Community-wide transmission planning to offshore grids, while also allowing regionalized solutions for the implementation of some of these remedies. A least regret EU policy on offshore grids indeed also implies giving a chance to regional initiatives, such as the North Seas Countries' Offshore Grid Initiative. ; The THINK project (2010-2013) is funded by the European Commission under the Seventh Framework Programme, Strategic Energy Technology Plan. (Call FP7-ENERGY-2009-2, Grant Agreement no: 249736). Coordinator: Prof. Jean-Michel Glachant and Dr. Leonardo Meeus, Florence School of Regulation, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute

Public Administration The realization of health policy in Lithuania's society: the peculiarities of children health conditions in the schools of Pasvalys Region (Forms 1-12) Renata Nevulytė Research Adviser: Prof. habil. dr. Kęstutis Kriščiūnas Šiauliai University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Public Administration, 2011, P. 100. The aim of the research: to analyze the theoretical aspects of the realization of health policy in Lithuanian's society, to pay attention to the peculiarities of children health conditions and educational possibilities in the schools of Pasvalys Region. To achieve the aim the following objectives have been set: 1. To analyze the main aspects of the realization of health policy in Lithuania's society. 2. To determine the peculiarities of children health. 3. To analyze health condition of children in the schools of Pasvalys Region according to the medical certificate of child. 4. To reveal the educational possibilities of strengthening of children health. The hypothesis of the research: it is believed that the index of health evaluation of younger school-age children (Forms1-6) is higher and it impacts the good assumptions of maintaining their health and to ensure that it does not get worse while using educational tools in comparison with older school-age children (Forms 7-12). Methods of the investigation applied in the work are as follows: 1. The descriptive – theoretical literary analysis. 2. The evaluation of children health was based on prophylactic health checkup certificate. 3. Statistical analyzes (Excel program calculated the morbidity of pupils in 1000 who had their preventive health checkups. The data of health certificates was estimated in accordance with the time of the doctor's prophylactic checkups. The study showed that the hypothesis (the younger school-age children (Forms 1-6) indexes of health assessment are better than the older school-age children (Forms 7-12) was partially confirmed. Conclusions: 1.The process of health is related to the main indexes of Lithuania's people health as well as with the integral interaction of social, economic, political, legal and environmental factors. . However, the main attention must be paid to health education, strengthening of disease prevention, and prophylaxis. 2. In order to monitor students' health indices it is needed the annual preventive health checkups. According to their data it is possible to identify and treat ailments or health problems. 3. Ostensibly, from 2008 - 2010 the amount of schoolchildren has been coming less in Pasvalys Region schools but those who had their medical health checkups declined even more; a variety of diseases has increased in 94, 04 cases in 1,000 who had their medical health checkups. 4. Children should be educated in health promoting school which aim is – the formation of lifestyle skills of schools community members while creating secure environment. The main educational activity is kept by the school by public health specialist. In order to achieve the most effective health intensification educators, parents, the other personnel and all school's community must be involved in action.

Public Administration The realization of health policy in Lithuania's society: the peculiarities of children health conditions in the schools of Pasvalys Region (Forms 1-12) Renata Nevulytė Research Adviser: Prof. habil. dr. Kęstutis Kriščiūnas Šiauliai University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Public Administration, 2011, P. 100. The aim of the research: to analyze the theoretical aspects of the realization of health policy in Lithuanian's society, to pay attention to the peculiarities of children health conditions and educational possibilities in the schools of Pasvalys Region. To achieve the aim the following objectives have been set: 1. To analyze the main aspects of the realization of health policy in Lithuania's society. 2. To determine the peculiarities of children health. 3. To analyze health condition of children in the schools of Pasvalys Region according to the medical certificate of child. 4. To reveal the educational possibilities of strengthening of children health. The hypothesis of the research: it is believed that the index of health evaluation of younger school-age children (Forms1-6) is higher and it impacts the good assumptions of maintaining their health and to ensure that it does not get worse while using educational tools in comparison with older school-age children (Forms 7-12). Methods of the investigation applied in the work are as follows: 1. The descriptive – theoretical literary analysis. 2. The evaluation of children health was based on prophylactic health checkup certificate. 3. Statistical analyzes (Excel program calculated the morbidity of pupils in 1000 who had their preventive health checkups. The data of health certificates was estimated in accordance with the time of the doctor's prophylactic checkups. The study showed that the hypothesis (the younger school-age children (Forms 1-6) indexes of health assessment are better than the older school-age children (Forms 7-12) was partially confirmed. Conclusions: 1.The process of health is related to the main indexes of Lithuania's people health as well as with the integral interaction of social, economic, political, legal and environmental factors. . However, the main attention must be paid to health education, strengthening of disease prevention, and prophylaxis. 2. In order to monitor students' health indices it is needed the annual preventive health checkups. According to their data it is possible to identify and treat ailments or health problems. 3. Ostensibly, from 2008 - 2010 the amount of schoolchildren has been coming less in Pasvalys Region schools but those who had their medical health checkups declined even more; a variety of diseases has increased in 94, 04 cases in 1,000 who had their medical health checkups. 4. Children should be educated in health promoting school which aim is – the formation of lifestyle skills of schools community members while creating secure environment. The main educational activity is kept by the school by public health specialist. In order to achieve the most effective health intensification educators, parents, the other personnel and all school's community must be involved in action.

In Turkey, in accordance with the Act of Environment Number 2872 the first Regulations on Control of Solid Waste which was\r\npublished in Official Journal dated and issue March 14th, 1991/20814. In the draft of the regulations on control of solid waste, deposit\r\napplication was proposed by Prof. Dr. Adem Baştürk, but this proposal was not accepted, instead quota application was accepted. Quota\r\napplication projected a recycling ratio 40% for glass and plastics, and 38% for metals, paper, and cardboards for the year 2008. This\r\napplication was terminated by a regulation issued in the Official Journal dated April 05, 2005/25777. Regulations on Control of\r\nPackaging and Packaging Wastes and other regulations regulate the recycling and resource recovery. Deposit application is an\r\ninvention of beverage industry instead of the government. Old type, heavy and refillable bottles and cans or packaging material were\r\ncollected by industrial companies voluntarily using deposit to increase the efficiency of their investment capitals in the first three\r\nquarter of 20th century. During the later years more cheap and light bottles, containers, and cans, and plastics packaging material were\r\ninvented and beverage industries stop the volunteer deposit. The benefits of the applications with refund are given in the following.\r\n"Cost of recycling and resource recovery are paid by producers rather than municipalities and consumers-It helps to complete the\r\nexisting curbside recycling programs-It specifically reduces littering of beverage containers along highways, in lakes, rivers, and\r\nrecreational and picnic areas-It reduces the cost of collecting the litter from the nature-It extends the lifetime of solid waste landfills-It\r\nprotects children by effectively reducing the incidence of glass laceration in childhood". Deposit application in the U.S.A. began in\r\n1971 in Oregon and the following years was applied in other states and also in the countries of the world; this system also continued\r\nwith differences in the deposit fees and beverage types. The producers of glass and cans for water, fruit juice, beer, soda, and similar\r\nbeverages, shopping malls, chain markets, their research institutes, foundations and their lobby have always been against the deposit\r\nsystem by spending large amounts of money. Upon implementing deposit system a 30-60% reduction in littering on highways was\r\nobtained in the states which have 30% of the population of the U.S.A. While the recycling ratio in the states implementing deposit\r\nsystem increased to 78%, those states not following the deposit system remained 23%. The 13th paragraph contains the proposal about\r\nthe cancellation the quota system and putting the deposit system into effect in the part entitled Solution Proposal of the "Special Expert\r\nCommission Report for Five Year Development Plan" prepared and published by the "State Planning Agency Of Turkey" (DPT).

// / Becas Pasantías y Concursos //NUEVO: Convocatoria para el envío de artículos para la Revista "Integración y Comercio" del BID - INTAL. Vea los detalles aquí.Junior Fellows Internship Programme de la Universidad de las Naciones Unidas. Vea los detalles de la convocatoria aquí."Educación sin fronteras". Encuentro internacional estudiantil a realizarse en los Emiratos Árabes Unidos en Marzo del año 2011. Vea más detalles aquí// Actividades Culturales //NUEVO: ARTES PLÁSTICAS. Conferencia de Nelson Di Maggio en el Centro Cultural de España (CCE), sobre la historia del Movimiento Madí, centrado en la figura de Carmelo Arden Quin. Centro Cultural de España , Rincón 629, Montevideo. Jueves 16 de diciembre a las 19.30 hs.NUEVO: MÚSICA POPULAR. Daniel Viglietti y la "Banda en Sol Mayor", integrada por músicos de reconocida trayectoria como Andrés Bedó (piano y teclados), Carlos da Silveira (guitarras), Pablo Somma (flautas) y Jorge Trasante (percusión). Teatro Solís. Jueves 30 de diciembre, 21.30 hs. NUEVO: TALLERES LITERARIOS. Centro Cultural de España, Rincón 629, Jueves 16 y viernes 17 de diciembre. Los docentes o alumnos de talleres literarios que deseen participar, tendrán la ocasión de intercambiar textos, ideas y vivencias. Más información: www.cce.org.uyNUEVO: RECITAL DE PIANO. Con el patrocinio de l'Alliance Française, el Ciclo Internacional de Piano de Montevideo ofrecerá el último recital de la temporada el viernes 17 de diciembre a las 20 hs. en el Teatro Solís. Se presentará el Trío del Sur integrado por los artistas uruguayos Alejandra Moreira (violín), Roberto Martínez del Puerto (violoncelo) y Julián Bello (piano) quienes interpretarán obras de Chausson y Brahms. Entrada libre.NUEVO: PRESENTACIÓN. El Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, el Consejo de Educación Técnico Profesional y la Universidad del Trabajo del Uruguay, invitan a a la presentación del último libro de Rafael Courtoisie "Tiranos temblad" (poesía), que se llevará a cabo en el Anfiteatro Artigas del Ministerio de RREE, Colonia 1206, a las 18.30 hs. Se servirá un brindis.NUEVO: PREMIOS DE LA CÁMARA. La Cámara del Libro del Uruguay, invita a la entrega del"Libro de Oro" a los títulos más vendidos en las diferentes categorías y al reconocimiento de nuevos"Legionarios del Libro" por su labor de difusión y promoción de la lectura. La ceremonia se realizará el próximo lunes 20 de diciembre, en Sala 13 del Cabildo de Montevideo a las 19hs. y finalizará con un brindis. // Actividades Académicas //NUEVO: El Instituto CERES invita a participar de la Conferencia Exclusiva para Jóvenes que brindarán el Dr. Ernesto Talvi, Director Académico de CERES y el Ec. Ignacio Munyo, Economista Senior de CERES: "La Economía, la Educación y la Calidad de la Democracia: Una Evaluación a Fondo de la Gestión del Nuevo Gobierno". Vea los detalles de la invitación aquí.

Building on the preceding presentations, Dr. Morandini underlined that genetic modification in plants is a tool with the same goal as conventional breeding: to develop better varieties for farmers, the environment and consumers. As many other tools, genetic modification is neither inherently risky nor safe. GM crops approved to date are as safe as, or safer than, conventional crops and have demonstrated environmental and other benefits. PRRI supports biosafety regulations that allow authorities to make informed and balanced decisions in order to maximize the benefits of biotechnology and minimize risks. Biosafety regulations must therefore be transparent, science based, proportionate and predictable. A PRRI survey shows that public researchers in many EU countries experience that the current regulatory situation often unduly hinders research. This is particularly felt in field research. Field trials are an essential stage in the development of new varieties. Problems are experienced with the EU regulatory system, the way in which the EU system is transposed into national regulations and the way in which EU and national rules are executed in practice. Examples of problems are: Regulations that stay too long in draft form; provisions that are inconsistent with the EU system; restrictions or bans that lack scientific basis; fees that are prohibitive for public research; undifferentiated information requirements; requirements to publish locations of field trials that result in destruction of research; no mechanism for exemptions on EU level; conflicting interpretations and policies between different bodies; requests for additional data that have no basis in risk assessment; ignoring the advice of the scientific bodies such as EFSA; decisions not taken within the legal time frames; disproportionate or unworkable conditions in permits; mandatory insurance, ineffective government action against destruction of field trials. The consequences of these challenges is that research is becoming increasingly expensive due to costs for additional requests for data and for security measures, important research does not get beyond the greenhouse stage, and important research and safety data are often lost because of the destruction of field trials. Consequently, as was illustrated by a number of examples, much needed public research is increasingly and unnecessarily delayed, ended, moved abroad or not started at all. PRRI offers the following recommendations: - EU Member States should adhere to the rules they themselves created, e.g. decisions within the time frames, and based on scientifically sound risk assessment. Scientifically sound means looking at the whole of the scientific data available, not only at hand picked cases. - Additional data should only be requested if they are pertinent to the risk assessment. - Remove unqualified bans from regulations. - Permit conditions should be proportionate to risk. - Environmental benefits should be taken into account. - Establish differentiated procedures. - React effectively to destruction of field trials - When amending the EU regulatory system: Re-introduce mechanisms for simplified procedures and introduce a mechanism for exemption of categories of GMOs that are not likely to have adverse impacts, such as certain pest resistant crops.

This paper deals with the relationship between police and other subjects of pre-trial process and its impact at the efficiency of criminal process in both qualitative and quantitative manner. Accordingly, the subject-matter has been analyzed through three groups of questions. First, it is concerned with general remarks about pre-trial proceeding, its subjects and concrete actions and particularly, its importance for the decision of public prosecutor to press charges or stop the conviction. Furthermore, within the second group of issues, the author analyzes the concept, importance and factors of the efficiency of pre-trial process emphasizing the significance of mutual relations between participating subjects for its efficiency. Besides, author points out to other factors of efficiency such as: diversion principle, complexity and seriousness of a criminal case, legal provision, organization of the subjects of pre-trial process, misuse of law, number of crime reports, etc. The third group of questions is devoted to the relation between police and other subjects in pre-trial process (mainly public prosecutor and investigative judge) and the influence of this relation to its efficiency. Also, legal solutions for mutual relations between police, public prosecutor and other subjects of pre-investigative and investigative procedure proposed in Draft Criminal Procedure Code have been analyzed respectively. Finally, author gives concluding remarks and de lege ferenda suggestions developed in the course of researching this issue. ; U radu je obrađena problematika odnosa policije i drugih subjekata pretkrivičnog postupka i njenog uticaja na njegovu efikasnost shvaćenu u kvalitativnom i kvantitativnom smislu reči. Posmatrano u tom kontekstu, u radu je predmetna problematika analizirana kroz tri grupe pitanja. Prva grupa pitanja je posvećena opštim napomenama o pretkrivičnom postupku, subjektima i radnjama i njegovom značaju za donošenje odluke javnog tužioca o pokretanju ili nepokretanju krivičnog postupka u datoj krivičnoj stvari. Nakon ovog, u drugoj grupi pitanja analiziran je pojam, značaj i faktori efikasnosti pretkrivičnog postupka i u okviru iste je posebno ukazano na značaj međusobnog odnosa subjekata pretkrivičnog postupka kao faktora njegove efikasnosti. Pored ovog, u radu je ukazano i na druge faktore efikasnosti kao što su: načelo oportuniteta, složenost i težina konkretnog krivičnog predmeta, zakonska norma, organizacija subjekata pretkrivičnog postupka, zloupotreba prava, broj podnetih krivičnih prijava i dr. Treća grupa pitanja je posvećena odnosu policije i drugih subjekata pretkrivičnog postupka (prevashodno javnog tužioca i istražnog sudije) i uticaju njihovog odnosa na efikasnost pretkrivičnog postupka, kao posebnom i značajnom faktoru efikasnosti. U okviru ove grupe pitanja analizirana su i rešenja međusobnog odnosa policije, javnog tužioca i drugih subjekata predistražnog i istražnog postupka prema rešenjima datim u Radnoj verziji ZKP RS. Na kraju rada data su zaključna razmatranja i predlozi de lege ferenda do kojih se došlo u proučavanju predmetne problematike.