Suchergebnisse

Shahnameh is the most significant Persian epic masterpiece and it is the world's lengthiest epic poem written by a single poet. Shahnameh mainly describes mythical and historical dimensions of the Persian Empire in series of stories. The manifestation of love in the stories of Shahnameh is a real stimulus to prowess and epic. In this regard, Ferdowsi delicately paid attention in developing women characters of Shahnameh. In this article, it is tried to investigate mythical, lyrical and social aspects of women in different sections of Shahnameh. Mythical aspects of Shahnameh including zoroastrian beliefs are reviewed. The lyrical bases including poetry, playing, loving and marriage are considered in this research. And many women such as Roodabeh, Tahmineh and Jarirehwho contribute to lyrical aspects of Shahnameh are found and their character and other related dimensions are investigated and described. Interestingly it is found that in Shahnameh stories, gallantry alone cannot help a hero reach his goals unless love and affection are combined with it. Also, our research shows that some women in Shahnameh express their love consciously over their beloved man. Further, social roles of women in the romantic stories are categorised in political, martial, and artistic forms and further discussed. ; Shahnameh es la obra maestra épica persa más importante y es el poema épico más extenso del mundo escrito por un solo poeta. Shahnameh describe principalmente las dimensiones míticas e históricas del Imperio persa en una serie de historias. La manifestación del amor en las historias de Shahnameh es un verdadero estímulo para la destreza y la épica. En este sentido, Ferdowsi prestó atención delicadamente en el desarrollo de personajes femeninos de Shahnameh. En este artículo, se intenta investigar aspectos míticos, líricos y sociales de las mujeres en diferentes secciones de Shahnameh. Se revisan aspectos míticos de Shahnameh, incluidas las creencias zoroastrianas. Las bases líricas que incluyen poesía, juego, amor y ...

The study of the baths landscape of Rome in the Antiquity(Ist century B.C.- Vth century A.D.) aims at filling certain gaps concerning the research on the minor baths in the capital of the Empire. The thesis followed essentially five main chapters: we beforehand defined a historic and social frame in our study by insisting on the relative problems at the origin of the Roman bath and in its distribution in italic peninsula. We then bent over the methodological problems met during the establishment of our corpus. To conceive in a concrete way the Roman bath landscape, we indeed established a database every evidence of which corresponds to a bath complex known by sources(archaeological, epigraphic and literary). This catalog was approached under descriptive shape on our third chapter. Our fourth axis concerns particularly the legislation relative to these balnea, the definition of their status and the identification of their owners. Finally, a typological and technical study of the baths of Rome showed itself necessary to end this study in a exhaustive way. ; L'étude du paysage balnéaire de Rome dans l'Antiquité (Ier siècle av. J.-C.- Ve siècle ap. J.-C.) a pour but de combler certaines lacunes concernant la recherche sur les bains dits mineurs dans la capitale de l'Empire. La thèse a suivi essentiellement cinq grands axes : nous avons au préalable défini un cadre historique et social à notre étude en insistant sur les problèmes relatifs à l'origine du bain romain et à sa diffusion en péninsule italique. Nous nous sommes ensuite penchés sur les problèmes méthodologiques rencontrés lors de l'établissement de notre corpus. Afin d'appréhender de manière concrète le paysage balnéaire romain, nous avons en effet établi une base de données dont chaque entrée correspond à un complexe balnéaire connu par les sources (archéologiques, épigraphiques et littéraires). Ce catalogue a été abordé sous forme descriptive dans notre troisième grande partie. Notre quatrième axe concerne particulièrement la législation relative à ces balnea, la définition de leur statut et l'identification de leurs propriétaires. Enfin, une étude typologique et technique des bains de Rome s'est révélée nécessaire pour terminer cette étude de façon exhaustive.

The study of the baths landscape of Rome in the Antiquity(Ist century B.C.- Vth century A.D.) aims at filling certain gaps concerning the research on the minor baths in the capital of the Empire. The thesis followed essentially five main chapters: we beforehand defined a historic and social frame in our study by insisting on the relative problems at the origin of the Roman bath and in its distribution in italic peninsula. We then bent over the methodological problems met during the establishment of our corpus. To conceive in a concrete way the Roman bath landscape, we indeed established a database every evidence of which corresponds to a bath complex known by sources(archaeological, epigraphic and literary). This catalog was approached under descriptive shape on our third chapter. Our fourth axis concerns particularly the legislation relative to these balnea, the definition of their status and the identification of their owners. Finally, a typological and technical study of the baths of Rome showed itself necessary to end this study in a exhaustive way. ; L'étude du paysage balnéaire de Rome dans l'Antiquité (Ier siècle av. J.-C.- Ve siècle ap. J.-C.) a pour but de combler certaines lacunes concernant la recherche sur les bains dits mineurs dans la capitale de l'Empire. La thèse a suivi essentiellement cinq grands axes : nous avons au préalable défini un cadre historique et social à notre étude en insistant sur les problèmes relatifs à l'origine du bain romain et à sa diffusion en péninsule italique. Nous nous sommes ensuite penchés sur les problèmes méthodologiques rencontrés lors de l'établissement de notre corpus. Afin d'appréhender de manière concrète le paysage balnéaire romain, nous avons en effet établi une base de données dont chaque entrée correspond à un complexe balnéaire connu par les sources (archéologiques, épigraphiques et littéraires). Ce catalogue a été abordé sous forme descriptive dans notre troisième grande partie. Notre quatrième axe concerne particulièrement la législation relative à ces ...

The presence of large numbers of refugees in independent African countries is one of their gravest problems. These refugees do not normally come into the countries of asylum in manageable numbers, but enter in tens of thousands, usually totally destitute, into regions poor in communications and social services—even for the local inhabitants—and with little if anything in the way of surplus local food supplies. The logistics and finance of providing immediate succour have presented enormous difficulties, intensified by the need to remove them as far as possible from the frontiers of their countries of origin, in order to avoid political tensions between the countries concerned and to observe the Organisation for African Unity's recommendation of 1964. Their settlement, among people who are only just self-sufficient in subsistence foods, places great strains on the technical resources of countries struggling for a decent standard of living for their own inhabitants, and deeply committed to their own development plans.

The article is devoted to the complex system study of legal regulation of criminal liability for escape from prison, arrest, and custody in the legislation of the foreign countries. The authors examine the model of the analyzed type of crimes in the Model Criminal Code for the CIS states, as well as the criminal codes of the CIS states. The article pays attention to the legal regulation of the examined types of crimes in the criminal codes of the European countries. Comparative analysis of the legislative structure of escape from prison or custody in the Model Criminal Code, criminal codes of the CIS countries, and a number of the European countries allowed the authors to formulate the following conclusion: setting of criminal liability for escapes from prison or custody is an objective necessity for legislator of a legal state in order to provide proper criminal law protection of goals and objectives of justice in the field of criminal and legal relations. DOI:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s6p107

In 2005 Hurricane Katrina devastated the city of New Orleans. The (near-) complete evacuation of the city led to the nation-wide dislocation of vulnerable citizens. Today, its reconstruction and recovery seems to be 'uneven'. The author views urban disaster recovery as an interaction of particular spatial, institutional, and social aspects. Uneven recovery is conceptualized as disconnect between planning for urban disaster recovery, impacted populations, and the places in the city they inhabit. As process, it encompasses heterogeneous cases of 'strong' or 'weak' recovery within the city. Based on a socio-spatial approach, an integrated multidimensional theoretical and methodological framework is formulated for empirical case study research in New Orleans' Lower Ninth Ward. Quantitative and qualitative mixed methods served to collect empirical data in 2007 and 2009. The author's intention is to better understand planning for urban disaster recovery in an American city and formulate resulting planning recommendations. This dissertation contributes to future sustainable and just recovery paradigms in the context of recurring urban disaster events. Im Jahr 2005 verwüstete Orkan Katrina die Stadt New Orleans. Durch die (fast) vollständige Evakuierung der Stadt wurden verwundbare BürgerInnen landesweit verteilt. Seitdem findet ein asymmetrischer Wiederaufbau statt - 'Uneven Recovery'. Der Autor betrachtet den Wiederaufbau von Städten nach Naturkatastrophen als Interaktion bestimmter räumlicher, institutioneller und sozialer Aspekte. 'Uneven Recovery' ereignet sich, wenn urbane Wiederaufbauplanung, betroffene Populationen und deren Siedlungsraum in der Stadt voneinander entkoppelt sind. Dieser Prozess beinhaltet Fälle 'starken' oder 'schwachen' Wiederaufbaus. Von sozial-räumlichen Perspektiven ausgehend wird ein integrierter, multiperspektivischer theoretischer und methodologischer Ansatz formuliert. In der Fallstudie Lower Ninth Ward wurden mittels quantitativer und qualitativer Methoden in den Jahren 2007 und 2009 empirische Daten gesammelt. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation ist es, urbane Wiederaufbauplanung in den USA besser zu verstehen, um daraus Planungsvorschläge zu formulieren. Sie trägt damit zur Diskussion über nachhaltige und gerechte Wiederaufbauparadigmen bei.

It has been said «nutrition is at the center of those processes by which a human group shows its identity and the otherness of those this otherness differentiates them from». This concept is of particular relevance with reference to the presence of Islam on European soil, and, more specifically, in Spain. The possibility of observing the dietary rules laid down by Islamic law becomes an important factor which shows the level of integration of the Islamic communities within the context of the socalled «transplanted Islam», that is, Islam as installed in Europe, principally due to migration. The problems begin when members of these communities pose demands such as, for example, the existence of menus without substances which are forbidden by their religion, in certain institutions whose work regime is designed following uniform parameters (schools, hospitals, penitentiaries, etc.). And we must not forget that the pretention to slaughter animals whose flesh can be eaten by Muslims may be in conflict with Spanish Health Legislation. These are just two of the questions dealt with in this article, which also analyses the way they are regulated in Article 14 of the 1992 Cooperation Agreement with the Spanish Islam Commission, the observance of which is also evaluated in the light of field work carried out over the last few years. ; Se ha dicho que «la alimentación está en el centro de los procesos por los cuales un grupo humano marca su identidad y la alteridad de aquellos a los que esta alteridad les distingue». Esta idea cobra especial relevancia si nos referimos a la presencia del Islam en suelo europeo, y, más concretamente, en España. La posibilidad de observar las prescripciones alimenticias que la ley islámica establece se convierte en un importante factor que marca el grado de integración de las comunidades musulmanas en el contexto de lo que se conoce como el «Islam trasplantado», es decir, aquel que se instala en Europa por mor, fundamentalmente, de los movimientos migratorios. Los problemas comienzan cuando los miembros de dichas comunidades plantean peticiones como, por ejemplo, la existencia de menús que no contengan sustancias prohibidas por su religión, en determinadas instituciones cuyo régimen de funcionamiento está diseñado según parámetros de uniformidad (colegios, hospitales, establecimientos penitenciarios, etc.). Sin olvidar que la pretensión de sacrificar los animales cuya carne sí puede consumir un musulmán puede plantear un conflicto con la normativa sanitaria española. Estas y otras cuestiones son abordadas en este artículo, analizando además el modo en que son reguladas en el artículo 14 del Acuerdo de cooperación de 1992 con la Comisión Islámica de España, cuyo grado de cumplimiento también es evaluado a la luz del trabajo de campo desarrollado en los últimos años.