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The purpose of this study was to empirically test the oft-noted hypothesis that shared mental models lead to implicit coordination. Specifically, this dissertation investigated the underlying mechanisms of implicit coordination and how different aspects of shared mental models affect the process. The research questions tested in this study were (a)how perceptions of sharedness affect the initiation of implicit coordination, (b) how actual levels of sharedness affect the process of implicit coordination, and (c) how quality of task mental models affects successful implicit coordination. Sixty same-gender, two-person teams engaged in a complex military reconnaissance planning task in which the team members were required to work together by exchanging information to plan routes for one unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and one unmanned ground vehicle (UGV). The results provided partial support for the influence of different facets of shared mental models on the process of implicit coordination. Specifically, individual mental model quality, not perceptions of sharedness or actual mental model sharedness, was the biggest predictor of the initiation of implicit coordination. Additionally, perceptions of sharedness and actual mental model sharedness interacted with one another, such that teams in mismatched conditions (high perceptions of sharedness but low actual sharedness [false consensus], or low perceptions of sharedness and high actual sharedness, [pluralistic ignorance]) tended to increase their communications. The implications and recommendations for future research on implicit coordination and shared mental models are discussed. Additionally, the implications for operators of unmanned vehicles are also discussed. ; 2006-08-01 ; Ph.D. ; Sciences, Department of Psychology ; Doctorate ; This record was generated from author submitted information.

The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the effect of expertise, leadership style and communication on coordination by electrical engineering companies. It is unexceptionable that expertise, communication, teamwork and mutual cooperation are fundamental for interfunctional coordination (IFC). A questionnaire in the form of the Likert scale was prepared, it involves information about IFC. The questionnaire was tested for internal consistency and reliability using Cronbach alpha. The complete database of 60 SMEs was analysed by using statistical software package Minitab, version 17. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to answer the hypotheses. The main findings show: (1) A positive correlation among items related to expertise and communications and IFC. (2) Some positive correlation among items related to leadership style and IFC – positive correlation shows only with team-work and mutual cooperation. The results of the paper can assist companies in their attitude towards IFC, by reason that companies can better implement IFC. The novelty of the paper is in determination some possible connectedness of IFC, concretely the correlation among experts, leadership style and communications with IFC of a company. The results of the paper can assist companies in their attitude towards IFC, by reason that companies can better implement IFC.

In a capitalist economy, income distribution is compounded out of the distribution of capital income, the dis tribution of labor income and the shares of capital and labor in total income. As capital inequality is much greater than in come inequality, a decrease in capital's share would decrease income inequality. Keynes held that euthanasia of the rentier —that is, a decrease in capital's share of total income—would result from the investment that takes place during sustained full employment. Tolerably full employment has been sus tained ever since World War II, but capital's share of income has not fallen. Full employment over the postwar period has been the result of policy which conformed to a private invest ment strategy. This strategy operates by sustaining and in creasing the returns on capital and also carries threats of finan cial instability and inflation. An alternative public employ ment strategy for full employment policy is available. This strategy would probably lead to a partial euthanasia of the rentier and would tend to diminish the likelihood of financial instability and inflation. Highly stylized examples show that the effects of a partial euthanasia of the rentier, when com bined with mildly equalitarian taxes, transfers and government services, can lead to a substantial decrease in income in equality.

This book is an annual effort by the economists from the Nanyang Technological University to provide analysis, interpretations and insights on contemporary economic issues affecting Singapore. In 2010, Singapore's economy was just recovering from the sharp economic downturn in 2008/09 caused by the Global Financial Crisis. The global economic outlook in the short and medium term remains uncertain and the risk of another economic or financial crisis remains high. Thus, one of the key themes of this book is to study economic crises and financial crises and the policy measures that are available to manage them. Looking ahead, in order to ensure long term growth and prosperity for Singapore's economy, microeconomic policy adjustments and fine-tuning is still needed to build a competitive and resilient nation. Therefore, the second key theme of the book is to review several public policies in Singapore. These are competition, healthcare, training, free trade agreements, state capitalism and inequality

This article outlines the internal coordination of regional and local social security schemes in the Netherlands. The Netherlands is a decentralised state with a strong central government. Social security is largely a matter for central government. The article therefore focuses on the area of social assistance and social care, characterised by a system of 'regulated decentralisation'. It outlines the state of decentralisation, the conflict rules and the coordination mechanisms and, finally, describes the financial regime of the decentralised schemes.

We first show three major disagreements among today's leading economists: the minimum wage, the effects of large government debt and the politics of the European Central Bank. Using a prominent and highly relevant example, the possible deterrent effect of death penalty, we demonstrate how political convictions can have an impact on the results of empirical research even if the most advanced statistical methods are applied. Then we deal with three different approaches to analyse the process of political advice: the traditional approach, the Public Choice approach and the Political Economy of Scientific Advice. Contrary to the two others, the latter consistently applies the economic model of behaviour to all agents of this game: economic agents, politicians, but also scientists as political advisors. We then deal with the process of policy advice; the main scope is to show how this process has to be organised in order to allow for at least some objectivity, even if advisors are politically biased. To understand (and perhaps even improve) this process, the economic model of behaviour should be applied to all agents; a 'new' economic theory is not necessary.

The Stock Market Crash of 1929 and the Jean years of the Depression that followed in its wake, brought about a fundamental transformation in the structure of American free enterprise. The legislation enacted by the Roosevelt administration that put the economy on a new footing, also established the basis for the nation's first systematic housing policy, eventually legislated officiallyas The Housing Act of 1949. When the economy collapsed, the mortgage system collapsed as well, adding to the depth of the plunge into the Depression. These conditions precipitated massive social protest movements, especially among industrial workers and the unemployed. The dilemma faced by the Roosevelt administration was how to preserve the basic features of the market system, while at the same time incorporate but circumscribe the social protest of millions of Americans. Out of this dilemma emerged a new type of free enterprise system in which the State, for the first time, began to play a decisive role in the operations of the country's financial markets. The other pro­ duct of Roosevelt's actions was perhaps even more significant. This was the establishment of what has been termed "The Welfare State " .