Suchergebnisse

This article applies the governance typology used in this special issue to the evolution of euro area governance. The article begins with a description of Economic and Monetary Union's original governance structure, with third order governance (shared norms) present in varying degrees in monetary, financial and fiscal governance. While a shared consensus on the importance of an independent central bank to pursue price stability allowed for the creation of the European Central Bank, euro area governance was otherwise limited to the coordination of national policies. Since the crisis, shifting norms (third order governance) allowed for the creation of new bodies (e.g. the European Stability Mechanism and the Single Supervisory Mechanism) and the expansion of the powers of existing institutions (particularly the ECB). In areas where no normative changes occurred (fiscal and economic policy coordination), second order governance has been marked by incremental changes to existing institutions. The degree to which economic governance has become more hierarchical depends both on the strength of third order governance norms and the preferences of large states like Germany either to retain their own sovereignty or create additional rules that bind member states.

Politika Europske unije o zaštiti potrošača usmjerava se na savjesnost i aktivno sudjelovanje potrošača na internom tržištu te se zbog toga oslanja na znanje potrošača kada su u pitanju njihova stečena prava. Kako još nije posve jasno koji su stavovi hrvatskih potrošača naspram politike Europske unije po pitanju zaštite potrošača, ovaj rad pokušao je analizirati utjecaj politike Europske unije o zaštiti potrošača na zainteresiranost, znanje, izvor informiranja i percipiranu sigurnost hrvatskih potrošača. Za analizu je korišteno kvantitativno istraživanje prikupljanja podataka među potrošačima unutar cijele Hrvatske. Prikupljeni podaci analizirani su primjenom deskriptivne statistike, korelacijom, i regresijskom analizom i analizom varijance (ANOVA). Radom su ustanovljene značajne korelacije između stupnja zainteresiranosti, stvarnog znanja, poželjnih izvora informiranja i percipirane sigurnosti hrvatskih potrošača. Nadalje, rad ukazuje na to kako stav hrvatskih potrošača naspram sustava zaštite potrošača Europske unije trenutno odražava značajan nedostatak zainteresiranosti i znanja. Rad zaključuje pretpostavkom o tome kako pokušaji jačanja zainteresiranosti i znanja među hrvatskim potrošačima zahtijevaju korištenje informacija koje pružaju vidljivi internetski izvori. ; The European Union Consumer Protection Policy (EU CPP) focuses on the awareness and active participation of consumers in the internal market and therefore counts on consumers' knowledge of their own conferred rights. Since it is not yet clear what Croatian consumers' attitudes towards the EU Consumer Protection Policy are, this paper attempts to analyze the impact of the EU Consumer Protection Policy on Croatian consumers' interest, knowledge, their source of information and their perceived security as consumers. Quantitative (survey) data collection among consumers within the entire Croatia has been used for the analysis. The collected data has been analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The paper eventually finds significant correlations between Croatian consumers' degrees of interest, actual knowledge, preferred information sources and perceived security. It furthermore shows that the attitude of Croatian consumers towards the European Union's system of consumer protection currently shows a significant lack of interest and knowledge. The paper concludes with a premise which states that the attempts to increase interest and knowledge among Croatian consumers require the use of information provided via visible Internet sources.

Introduction: East European diasporas, migration and cosmopolitanism / Ulrike Ziemer and Sean P. Roberts -- The Past in the present : fostering cosmopolitanism -- Cosmopolitanism in practice : perspectives on the Nansen passports / Rebecka Lettevall -- Between long-distance nationalism and "rooted" cosmopolitanism? : Armenian-American engagement with their homeland / Tsypylma Darieva -- Making and re-making diasporas from former Yugoslavia -- Diaspora impact on European community policy-making : ex-Yugoslavia as a case study / Branislav Radeljic -- Diaspora, cosmopolitanism, and post-territorial citizenship in contemporary Croatia / Francesco Ragazzi -- Locating diaspora in and beyond Germany -- Cosmopolitanism in Kazakhstan : sociability, memory, and diasporic disorder / Rita Sanders -- Migration memoirs and narratives of Polish migrants in Berlin / Dorota Praszalowicz -- Exploring ethical challenges in research on migration -- The beginning and end of a beautiful friendship : ethical issues in the ethnographic study of sociality amongst Russian-speaking migrants in London / Darya Malyutina -- Facets of migrant identity : ethical dilemmas in research among Romanian migrants in the UK / Oana Rom

Motives and aims, including limiting dependence on foreign sources, development of economic and technological progress, and improving their balance of payments.

A review essay on a book by Kenneth Dyson & Kevin Featherstone, The Road to Maastricht: Negotiating Economic and Monetary Union (Oxford: Oxford U Press, 1999), a study of how the economic & monetary union (EMU) provisions were integrated into the 1992 Maastricht Treaty. Verdun contends that Dyson & Featherstone have offered a comprehensive explanation of how the EMU provisions were included & of the negotiation processes behind their incorporation into the treaty; specific attention is directed toward Dyson & Featherstone's discussion of the Delors Committee's role in supporting the EMU provisions. Despite identifying additional diplomatic, economic, & political causes for integrating the EMU provisions, Dyson & Featherstone's analysis of the EMU provisions' implications for theories of negotiation is critiqued. In Response, Dyson & Featherstone address the criteria behind selecting EMU negotiations that involved primarily French, German, Italian, & British actors. The theoretical problems raised by Verdun are refuted; it is emphasized that the text was designed to produce an empirical account of the EMU negotiations. J. W. Parker

The European Report on Development (ERD) is the main outcome of the Mobilising European research for development policies, an initiative promoted and financed by the European Commission together with seven EU Member States: Germany, Finland, France, Luxembourg, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom. The aim of this initiative is to help the European Union refine its vision of development and enrich its policies on the basis of knowledge, innovation, and the building of common ground between the European research community, policymakers, and a broad public. The ERD is aimed at stimulating debate and research on development issues and amplifying the EU's voice internationally. The ERD provides linkages and synergies between rich expertise in development-related issues in research and academic institutions and policymaking throughout Europe. It also serves as a focal point for researchers in European countries and various regions of the world, facilitates discussions with policymakers and civil society, and stimulates interaction between various European national agencies. ; The European Report on Development will help the European Union to refine its vision on development, enrich its policies and influence the international debate. It will also complement other flagship reports on development, in an attempt to reflect the diversity of views that may coexist on various issues and – where relevant – the specific European approaches, based both on Europe's political and social values and its own history and experience. Indeed, we are convinced that there should not be any monopoly of thinking in a field as complex and rich as development policy. This year's first edition deals with the complex and multidimensional issue of 'fragility', with a specific focus on sub-Saharan Africa, where most fragile countries are located. Described as the "toughest development challenge of our era", dealing with situations of fragility is, rightly, a growing concern both for Europe and for the entire international community. An intensive participatory process, bringing on board a wide range of top scholars, policy-makers and civil society representatives, both from Europe and Africa, was at the heart of this ambitious policy research initiative. Through building common analytical ground on how better to grasp these difficult situations, this first edition of the ERD will help Europe fine tune its strategic approach to fragility and define more coherent policies in the future.