Suchergebnisse

[ES] El debate de la gobernanza o el buen gobierno, tras adquirir visibilidad y actualidad con la grave crisis económica iniciada en 2008, corre el riesgo de estancarse en un discurso académico y político que apenas rebase lo declarativo. Constatamos que hay valiosos documentos de sociedades científicas sanitarias y algunas propuestas institucionales que apuntan a transformaciones prometedoras. Definido el buen gobierno desde variables de rendición de cuentas, participación, transparencia, inteligencia e integridad, hay que identificar determinantes de la inacción y eliminar las barreras que bloquean el avance de propuestas razonables y ampliamente compartidas. Lo anterior aconseja: 1) ubicar las propuestas en niveles de gobierno institucional (macro, meso y microsistema, y entorno sistémico) para involucrar de forma más directa a los agentes del cambio, y 2) destacar algunos nodos de decisión que pueden actuar como palancas de radicalismo selectivo para catalizar las trasformaciones e iniciar los procesos de cambio. En la diversidad de actores y escenarios parece poco probable o viable el desarrollo de arriba abajo de una estrategia reformista racional e integrada para el conjunto del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Este artículo pretende fomentar el cambio estableciendo una agenda focalizada y argumentada que permita visibilizar temas clave y activar la reflexión y la abogacía multinivel y multidimensional de los agentes sanitarios y sociales implicados. [EN] The 2008 economic crisis made the issue of good governance more present and visible, but the debate risks stalling in an academic and political discourse that barely exceeds the declarative. We acknowledge the existence of noteworthy documents from scientific medical societies and some institutional proposals that point towards promising changes. Viewing good governance as accountability, participation, transparency, intelligence and integrity, our objective is to identify the determinants of inaction and remove the barriers that prevent the adoption of rational and widely agreed-upon proposals. This led us: 1) to allocate the proposals to their appropriate governance level (macro, meso, micro and system environment) so as to more directly engage the agents of change; and 2) to highlight some decision nodes that can act as levers to catalyse selective transformations and to initiate the change processes. Taking into account the diversity of actors and scenarios, a top-down rational, integrated and reformist strategy for the whole Spanish National Health System does not seem likely or viable. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to promote changes, setting a targeted and reasoned agenda to visualise key issues and to enable multilevel and multidimensional thinking and advocacy of health-sector and society stakeholders. ; Sí

The current problems derived of the accelerated growth urban and demographic that have experienced them main cities of Mexico, lead to the need of explore the close relationship that should exist between it planning metropolitan, the political public and it governance territorial. In the particular case of Mexico, the scarce collaboration level inter-governmental and intra-institutional to meet the challenges of the urbanization, is obligated to design horizontal and vertical coordination schemes that involve the participation of the social partners. By such reason, the present article contextualizes them origins and fundamentals conceptual of these dimensions, whose contributions allow perfect them instruments that it administration public in their different areas can apply to respond with efficiency and effectiveness to them complex demands of the population. ; Los actuales problemas derivados del acelerado crecimiento urbano y demográfico que han experimentado las principales ciudades de México, conducen a la necesidad de explorar la estrecha relación que debe existir entre la planeación metropolitana, las políticas públicas y la gobernanza territorial. En el caso particular de México, la escasa colaboración gubernamental a nivel inter e intrainstitucional para atender los retos de la metropolización, obligan a diseñar esquemas de coordinación horizontal y vertical que involucren la participación de los agentes sociales. Por tal motivo, el presente artículo contextualiza los orígenes y fundamentos conceptuales de estas dimensiones, cuyas aportaciones permiten perfeccionar los instrumentos que la Administración Pública en sus diferentes ámbitos puede aplicar para responder con eficiencia y eficacia a las complejas demandas de la población.

The issue of reforming the Moroccan educational system has become an important national topic. The government is looking forward to achieve the objectives that have been defined forward for this system and contribute to let it be performant.Effectively, the Moroccan educational system is the second national priority. All the national speeches of his majesty king of Morocco are focalized in reorganizing this system by detecting the problems and developing pertinent solutions and tools able to make the difference in the future. The Moroccan context is characterized by the will of government to establish the notion of governance and performance in the public services in general and in the national educational system especially. The aim of our paper is to study how can we introduce the concept of performance in the educational system by integrating a system of management control in the system of education? The hypothesis that the three habitual summits of management control namely- means objectives and realizations arenot enough for studying the complexity and the missions of such a sector like the educational system where the satisfactions of users is an important factor that must be took into consideration.

The microfinance sector has attracted increasing attention particularly in literature and in political circles in recent years. Microfinance is seen as a key means for the poors to access to financial services. Nevertheless, one of the challenges of microfinance institutions lies in their governance. To study the governance of microfinance institutions, many authors recommend to consider not only their diversity related to their natures and their missions, but also the context of the country in which they operate. However, existing works have not fully taken into account the contextual factors in the study of the governance of MFIs. This thesis contributes to bridge these gaps. It is in this sense of a specific and suitable approach to microfinance institutions. It analyzes the impact of the uncertainty related to an internal armed conflict in Burundi cooperatives. This research shows that face of uncertainty, policymakers are faced with the decision-making problems in compliance with the rules. Conflicts of interest arise, the paradoxes in the roles of directors or in inter-organizational relationships are observed. The results of this research also show the limits of volunteer principle in cooperative organizations in times of uncertainty. To cope with uncertainty, cooperatives undertaking various coping strategies despite their organizational similarities. They further develop inter-organizational relationships in search of legitimacy and scope of expression. Belonging to the network and the pressures of supervisor push these organizations to adopt isomorphic structures and practices. This thesis is a first milestone in the studies on the governance of cooperatives under uncertainty. It goes beyond the Burundian context by formulating hypotheses to be tested in future studies and in other places. ; Le secteur de la microfinance a suscité une attention particulièrement croissante dans la littérature et dans les milieux politiques ces dernières années. La microfinance est considérée comme un moyen incontournable permettant aux pauvres d'accéder aux services financiers. Néanmoins, un des défis des institutions de microfinance réside dans leur gouvernance. Pour étudier la gouvernance des institutions de microfinance, plusieurs auteurs conseillent de tenir compte non seulement de leur diversité liée à leurs natures et à leurs missions, mais également du contexte du pays dans lequel elles évoluent. Pourtant, les travaux existants n'ont pas totalement pris en compte les facteurs contextuels dans l'étude de la gouvernance des IMF. La présente thèse contribue à combler ces lacunes. Elle s'inscrit dans cette logique d'une approche spécifique et adaptée aux institutions de microfinance. Elle analyse l'impact de l'incertitude liée à un conflit armé interne dans les coopératives burundaises. Cette recherche montre que face à l'incertitude, les décideurs sont confrontés aux problèmes de prise de décisions dans le respect des règles en vigueur. Des conflits d'intérêts apparaissent, des paradoxes dans les rôles des administrateurs ou dans les relations inter-organisationnelles sont observés. Les résultats de cette recherche montrent également les limites du principe de bénévolat dans les organisations coopératives en période d'incertitude. Pour faire face à l'incertitude, les coopératives entreprennent des stratégies de résilience différentes malgré leurs ressemblances organisationnelles. Elles développent davantage les relations inter-organisationnelles dans la recherche de la légitimité et de cadre d'expression. Le fait d'appartenir au réseau et la pression du superviseur poussent ces organisations à adopter des structures et des pratiques isomorphiques. Cette thèse constitue un premier jalon dans les études sur la gouvernance des coopératives en situation d'incertitude. Elle va au-delà du contexte burundais en formulant des hypothèses à vérifier dans les études futures et dans d'autres lieux.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh keadilan organisasi, penerapan sistem pengendalian intern pemerintah dan implementasi good governance terhadap pecegahan kecurangan (fraud) pada instansi pemerintah Kabupaten Karangasem. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pegawai bagian keuangan yang bekerja pada SKPD Dinas Kabupaten Karangasem berjumlah 112 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode Purposive Sampling. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah Kasubag Keuangan, Bendahara Keuangan, dan Bendahara Pembantu yang berstatus Pegawai Negeri Sipil, memiliki pengalaman bekerja minimal 1 tahun dan jenjang pendidikan terakhir minimal SMA yang ada di lingkungan SKPD Dinas dengan responden sebanyak 48 orang. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, uji validitas,uji reliabilitas dan uji asumsi klasik. Metode analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS versi 19.0. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) secara parsial keadilan organisasi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pencegahan kecurangan (fraud), (2) secara parsial penerapan sistem pengendalian intern pemerintah berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pencegahan kecurangan (fraud), (3) secara parsial implementasi good governance berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap pencegahan kecurangan (fraud), (4) secara simultan keadilan organisasi, penerapan sistem pengendalian intern pemerintah dan implementasi good governance secara bersama-sama berpengaruh terhadap pencegahan kecurangan (fraud).Kata Kunci : Keadilan Organisasi, Penerapan Sistem Pengendalian Intern Pemerintah, Implementasi Good Governance, dan Pencegahan Kecurangan This study aims to determine the effect of organizational justice, implementation of internal control systems of government and the implementation of good governance to the prevention of fraud (fraud) in Karangasem regency government agencies. This study was a quantitative research. This study population is all employees working on the financial section of Karangasem regency SKPD Office amounted to 112 people. The sampling technique used purposive sampling method. The sample in this study is the Head of Finance, Finance Treasurer and Assistant Treasurer of the status of Civil Servants, working experience of at least 1 year and last at least high school education in the environment SKPD Office of the respondents as many as 48 people. Methods of data collection using questionnaires, validity, reliability and classic assumption test.testing. Methods of data analysis using multiple regression analysis with SPSS version 19.0. Results from the study showed that (1) partially justice organizations significant negative effect on the prevention of fraud (fraud), (2) the partial implementation of the internal control system of government significant negative effect on the prevention of fraud (fraud), (3) the partial implementation of good governance significant negative effect on the prevention of fraud (fraud), (4) simultaneous justice organizations, the implementation of the internal control system of government and the implementation of good governance jointly effect on the prevention of fraud (fraud).keyword : Organizational Justice, Government Internal Control System Implementation, Implementation of Good Governance and Fraud Prevention

This project brief summarises key themes from research that investigated local government governance and institutional arrangements for sanitation (wastewater) planning, budgeting and implementation in small cities and towns in Sumatra, Indonesia.

Case Study Report from the UE funded Project DESAFIO (Democratisation of Water and Sanitation Governance by Means of Socio-Technical Innovation), 2013-2015. www.desafioglobal.org. Published as WATERLAT-GOBACIT Working Papers, Vol. 2, No 7 (http://waterlat.org/WPapers/WPSPIDES27.pdf).

Doutoramento em Estudos de Desenvolvimento ; In early 2010, the weak design of the Economic and Monetary Union and the tools for economic governance provided by the Treaty of Lisbon proved to be inadequate for preventing or resolving the European sovereign debt crisis. Up to December2011, the EU response comprised legislative files aiming to reform economic governance and the establishment of financial supervision and stabilization mechanisms. Drawing on new institutionalism theories, namely rational choice and historical institutionalism, this research's main objective is to investigate the use of the Community method in the responses to the EUcrisis. Some of the responses, found within the EU framework, suchasthe 'SixaPack'adopted in 2011 to streng then the Union´s economic governance, saw the Commission´s role as formal agenda setter- the key feature of the Community method-being challenged by the set up of a Task Force presided by the President of the European Council Van Rompuy. Other responses, found through intergovernmental agreements, are perceived to ascribe a much more central role to supranational institutions like the European Commission and the European Court of Justice, strengthening this way the Community method. The focus on a qualitative case study of economic governance reform highlights the role of the European Parliament in the 'SixaPack' legislative process and builds on a novel conceptualization of the Principal-Agent model. Theanalysis covers not only the 'SixaPack' agenda setting phase, but also the formal and informal policy-making stage, where most of the decisions were found in the so called 'trialogues'. ; No início de 2010, tanto a fragilidade do desenho da União Económica e Monetária como os instrumentos de governação económica previstos no Tratado de Lisboa, mostraram não ser aptos em prevenir ou resolver a crise Europeia da dívida soberana. Até Dezembro 2011, a resposta Europeia compreendeu um conjunto de dossiers legislativos com vista a reformar a governação económica e o estabelecimento de mecanismos de supervisão financeira e de estabilização.Tendoporbaseasteoriasdo novo institucionalismo, nomeadamente o institucionalismo da escolha racional e o institucionalismo histórico, o principal objectivo desta investigação é analisar o método Comunitário nas respostas à crise da União Europeia. Em algumas dessas respostas, dentro do enquadramento legal Europeu, tal como o 'SixaPack' adotado em 2011 para fortalecer a governação económica, a Comissão Europeia viu o seu poder formal de iniciar legislação a principal característica do método Comunitário a ser confrontado com a constituição de um grupo de trabalho presidido pelo Presidente do Conselho Europeu Van Rompuy. Outras respostas, no âmbito de acordos intergovernamentais, terão atribuído um papel central às instituições Europeias como a Comissão e o Tribunal Europeu de Justiça, o que se traduziu num fortalecimento do método Comunitário. A escolha de um caso de estudo qualitativo sobre a reforma da governação económica, pretende sublinhar o papel desempenhado pelo Parlamento Europeu no processo legislativo do 'SixaPack'. Para o efeito, foi desenvolvida uma nova conceptualização teórica do modelo do Principal-Agente. A análise cobre não somente a fase da iniciação legislativa do 'SixaPack', mas também Os processos formais e informais de tomada de decisão, nos chamados 'trílogos'.

Since 1979, the Chinese economy has undergone an unprecedented transformation from a command model to a socialist market system. How companies are governed and regulated, and how investors are protected in China's vibrant economy is a concern of legal practitioners and scholars worldwide. China's 2013 revision of the Company Law has sparked new attention in this more than 35-year-old debate. In his 2015 publication, "Corporate Law in China. Structure, Governance and Regulation", author, SHEN Wei, Professor of Law at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, aims to provide an understanding of the dynamics that inform the current legal landscape of different corporate actors in China. The book's ultimate goal is to give a full account of various types of Chinese corporations and their distinctive characteristics. As the title indicates, his approach seeks to frame legal questions within a broader regulatory context. This is an ambitious endeavor, and one that necessarily crosses into multiple facets of law, history, politics and socio-economics. [.]