Suchergebnisse

European perspectives and national discourses on the migrant crisis /Jenny Ritter, Markus Rhomberg, Melani Barlai, Birte Fähnrich, Christina Griessler --Albania, refugees, and the European Union /Donald Pasha, Sebastian Niemetz --"Refugees (no longer) welcome" : asylum discourse and policy in Austria in the wake of the 2015 refugee crisis /Oliver Gruber --Constructing the "refugee crisis" in Flanders : continuities and adaptations of discourses on asylum and migration /Benjamin de Cleen, Jan Zienkowski, Kevin Smets, Afra Dekie, Robin Vandevoordt --Bulgaria : the migrant influx /Lilia Raycheva --Humanitarianism and its limits : the refugee crisis response in Croatia /Senada Šelo Šabić --The migrant crisis in German public discourse /Dennis Lichtenstein, Jenny Ritter, Birte Fähnrich --The Greek paradigm on the migrant and refugee crisis /Sophia Kaitatzi-Whitlock, Clio Kenterelidou --A Hungarian trademark (a "Hungarikum") : the moral panic button /Melani Barlai, Endre Sik --The public debate on the Italian isolation in the European Union migration crisis /Andrea Stocchiero --The media discourse on migrants/refugees in Macedonia /Dale Taleski, Lura Pollozhani --Poland's response to the EU migration policy /Piotr Sadowski, Kinga Szczawińska --"The great exchange" : the political and media debate about the European migrant crisis in Romania /Marc Stegherr --Serbia between humanity and (un)security /Zoran Jevtović, Zoran Aracki --Framing of the Syrian refugee crisis in the Spanish press /Francisco Seoane Pérez --From "open your hearts" to closed borders : Sweden, the refugee crisis and the role of discourse /Gregg Bucken-Knapp --Media and immigration : communication research in Switzerland /Heinz Bonfadelli --Policies and discourses regarding the Syrian diaspora in contemporary Turkey : from "refugee crisis" to "minority problem"? /J. Eduardo Chemin, N. Ela Gokalp-Aras --The UK's discourse on the "migrant crisis" in summer 2015 /Christina Griessler --National discourses on the European migrant crisis /Jenny Ritter, Markus Rhomberg.

Studying the variability of entrepreneurial attitudes within different countries is important in order to identify where attempts to increase entrepreneurial spirit and activity should focus. This article analyzes differences within multiple countries, as well the causal relationship of three attitudinal variables, namely, perceived behavioral control, subjective norm, and entrepreneurial motivations with entrepreneurial intention. We used a cross-national framework and analyzed the relation of four different countries with a sample of 800 students from Argentina (200), Chile (200), Panama (200), and Spain (200). Results show variability in all attitudes between countries with Panama rating the highest in most and Spain rating the lowest. Motivations expressed for entrepreneurship are not statistically significant between most countries, which suggests the perception of entrepreneurship as an engine for personal goals is high and similar in all four countries. Regression analysis showed subjective norm's effect is not statistically significant in Argentina nor Chile for intentions, and Panama's intentions are highly driven by entrepreneurial motivations. These suggest policies and programs should tap on the fairly consistent entrepreneurial spirit to capitalize on student's interest in entrepreneurship, and pull them into training programs to strengthen their competences.

This article analyzes national security, an imported and indeterminate notion, that grants the armed forces an inappropriate autonomy and allows them, constitutionally and legally, to perform non-professional roles in the internal order and other activities. This notion was installed in codes and legal bodies of diverse nature that potentially bind the Armed Forces. with issues unrelated to national defense. Expanded security, derived from this notion and from a poorly understood military versatility, strengthens military inclusion in police tasks. It is a significant conservative vacuum that favors the concentration of power and the ideological and political dispositions of the right. This notion has no legitimate space in a new Constitution and must be eliminated from all legal, doctrinal and regulatory bodies. ; Este artículo analiza la seguridad nacional, noción importada e indeterminada, que le otorga a las fuerzas armadas una inapropiada autonomía y les permite, constitucional y legalmente, desempeñar roles no profesionales en el orden interno y otras actividades. Esta noción fue instalada en códigos y leyes de diversa naturaleza que vinculan potencialmente a las FF.AA. con temas ajenos a la defensa nacional. La seguridad ampliada, derivada de esta noción y de una mal entendida polivalencia castrense, fortalece la inclusión militar en tareas policiales. Es un significante vacío conservador que favorece la concentración del poder y disposiciones ideológicas y políticas de derecha. Esta noción no tiene espacio legítimo en una nueva Constitución y debe eliminarte de todo cuerpo legal, doctrinario y reglamentario.

The main aim of the study is to formulate a process to establish an integrated centre for higher maritime studies and research in Bangladesh. An assessment is made to verify the need for such specialised higher education and research at postgraduate and at doctoral level for the maritime and shipping personnel. It also highlights the need and appropriation for in-service continued education and research. The geographical location, historical background of the emergence of this new country in 1971 and the rehabilitation programme thereafter (in shipping sector) is described. Its diplomatic and political relation with other regional countries is discussed briefly. A brief look is taken to review the existing maritime education, the requirement of post-sea and shipping trade related higher education and research and unification of two seafaring streams, i.e. marine engineering and navigation. The roles and responsibilities of shipping managers, maritime administrators and maritime lecturers are examined. The local, regional and global impact of this university and scope to perform as a regional university is acknowledged. Most importantly the establishment process (physical and academic) is described and the government education policy and the legal procedure in establishing such institution is reviewed. Finally it has been concluded that there is a clear need for an integrated centre for maritime studies and research in Bangladesh and that may be fulfilled by establishing the proposed Bangabandhu Maritime University.

The study clarifies the current content and structure of the military personnel communication culture. To achieve this goal, the relevance of the analysis of military personnel communication culture and its functional role were concretized at the first stage of the study. At the second stage, the study of the military personnel communication culture is theoretically justified, its essential manifestation is revealed. At the third stage, the presented theoretical developments are correlated with the practical understanding of the problem by the servicemen themselves and the structural components of the culture of communication of servicemen are revealed. It is proposed to consider the culture of communication as a form of social culture – a narrower cultural complex of values, principles and norms accepted and shared by members of military collectives and defining the style of interaction and communication of military actors. In modern conditions, the military personnel communication culture is conditionally classified into the culture of conflict-free and conflict-free communication. The characteristic of these forms is presented. At the same time, the culture of conflict communication is studied in the context of the implementation of motivation for the conflict solution of service and work tasks. It is proved that the culture of conflict-free communication is based on the values, principles, traditions and norms that presuppose and orient the serviceman to resolve and prevent conflict situations. The military personnel conflict-free communication culture is characterized not only by knowledge and understanding of the need for conflict-free professional interaction, the desire for a compromise solution of service issues, but also by the practical skills of actors to assess, prevent, and in some cases resolve conflicts in the course of their own official activities. The presence of a culture of conflict-free communication, on the one hand, determines the competence of conflict-free communications, on the other hand, it is the practice of tolerant respect for colleagues. This culture allows a serviceman not to create conditions for transferring conflict situations to service and labor interaction, to understand the meaning, motivation of the behavior of colleagues and opponents, constantly reduce, and in some cases completely eliminate excessive social tension, overcome emotional outbursts in the process of solving professional tasks.

The paper explores gender teaching at the Central European University (CEU), particularly investigating, through this case, the ways in which gender-related topics can be incorporated into higher education curricula. These authors consulted institutional documents and databases, to look into the CEU "gender regime" (Connell, 1987), and they also conducted semi-structured interviews with University faculty and students, to reflect perceptions on the gender dimension in higher education teaching and research. The authors have found that CEU's unique international character provides ample space to teaching gender both by way of the autonomous Gender Studies Department and via integrating gender into other fields of study. Institutional strategic commitment has been identified in gender mainstreaming higher education curricula, as the key to further development, which might materialize in gender-conscious hiring processes, and in providing 'gender expert consulting,' for example. It is only by institutional commitment - which is to replace the present practice, based on individual
faculty's professional commitment, guaranteed by 'academic freedom' - that systematic progress in gendering higher education curricula can be attained.

The corona outbreak has a strong negative impact on the (mental) health and well-being of the population. People experienced more anxiety, stress, anger, fear and depressive symptoms at the start of the outbreak of corona compared to before the outbreak (Torales, O'Higgins, Castaldelli-Maia, & Ventriglio, 2020). The Trimbos Institute for Mental Health (2020) showed that these adverse mental health problems were experienced by one third of the Dutch population. For students the corona outbreak implied rapid changes in their personal lives as well as their student life. In Wageningen, on-campus classes were cancelled and replaced by online alternatives. For many students the outbreak created uncertainty whether they could finish their study in time. In addition, due to social distancing measures many students moved back to their parental homes or lived more isolated in their student homes. These changes are likely to impact their mental health and well-being In order to examine the (mental) health and well-being of students across Europe, the University of Antwerp developed a digital survey. The survey assessed students' living conditions (physical and financial) and lifestyle behaviours (physical activity, alcohol consumption and tobacco use) before and after the outbreak of corona. In addition, students' mental health and well-being were assessed by using the CES-D 8 scale (Radloff, 1977) and resilience was measured by using the Brief Resilience Scale (Smith et al., 2008). Finally, in the survey students were asked to evaluate the measures taken by governments and universities in response to the corona outbreak. The overall aim of the survey is to identify how the corona outbreak relates to students' mental health and well-being, hypothesizing that national and university-level measures significantly impact on the well-being of university students Wageningen University participated in this survey, together with universities and other educational institutes from 26 different countries (see Appendix A for ...

AbstractTaiwan's National Pension Insurance (NPI) is a compulsory defined benefit pension insurance scheme. However, paying the NPI premium is not mandatory. We use the NPI administrative data of more than 489 million observations to investigate the NPI's sustainability and inequalities for various groups. We find that NPI participants pay their premiums either consistently or not at all. Although the overall willingness to pay the premiums has been declining, one group of the insured persons consistently pays, thereby maintaining the sustainability of the NPI. Intergenerational and intragenerational inequalities are both found in the NPI; however, the government's premium subsidy reduces intragenerational inequality, except for young adult males who need the NPI and regularly pay premiums. Our empirical results suggest that subsidising these young male citizens strengthens the NPI's sustainability and mitigates the intergenerational and intragenerational inequalities of the NPI.

The general aim was to assess the effectiveness of transboundary collaboration in thecontiguously adjoining protected areas of Virunga massive. The specific objectives were, a)to identify the role of different stakeholders in the management of transboundarycollaboration, b) to assess the level of collaboration between the three authorities andgovernments, c) to assess the participation of local communities in planning andmanagement of the natural resources, and d) to establish the effectiveness of the approach inmanaging natural resources. The study employed both the primary and the secondary datasources. The questionnaires were used to collect data from officers and the discussion withrelevant officials was conducted. A total 90 local community members were interviewed fromthe three countries. The secondary data were collected from management of MgahingaNational Park, Parc Nationaux des Volcano of Rwanda, Parc National des Virunga IGCPstaff and crossection of protected areas stakeholders and government institutions of the threecountries. The Results indicated that regarding the collaborative management between thethree authorities, it was found out that information exchange and joint patrol were the majoractivities. By 2003, in Uganda poaching had reduced to 1 case and the wire snare to 54which accounted for 2.3% and 8.8% respectively from the 23.3% and 19.6% in 1997.However the figures in Rwanda reduce slightly due to the security situation. It was alsodiscovered that the local communities of DR. Congo and Rwanda were highly involved inplanning of conservation activities that the case with Uganda.

The article specifies the role of education in supporting the national security of the state. It is substantiated that national security significantly depends on the state of education since it takes on the most important tasks for society to train the elite of society, management personnel, and highly qualified specialists in all sectors of the economy, affects changes in the social structure of society, and forms the political views of young people. The role of education in the development of critical thinking in young people is analyzed, which is especially important in the context of information war.

What motivates split‐ticket voting in mixed electoral systems? These systems allocate seats in single‐member districts (SMDs) and by proportional representation (PR) to the same legislative house and have proliferated in Asia as well as globally. Using public opinion data from South Korea's 2012 National Assembly election, this article identifies that supporters of smaller parties are more likely to split their tickets. This is consistent with the "best of both worlds" thesis that presumes two‐party competition in SMDs and multiparty competition under PR. The results suggest that despite scholarly claims of an Asian divergence in electoral outputs, the South Korean case appears consistent with theoretical expectations from outside the region.