Suchergebnisse

Urbanization is regarded among the most significant factors affecting election-related behaviour in Poland. In order to identify the importance of Poland's municipal electorate, a procedure of reverse elimination was applied to the electorates of successive largest cities in Poland, followed by a structure of supporting the strongest political parties at each stage of the cities' rank elimination. Whenever each successive elimination is followed by dwindling support for a given party, this party is referred to as pro-metropolitan.

Suid-Afrika het baie nuwe dorpe waarvan die meeste as gevolg van die mynbedryf en groot semi-staat ondernemings soos YSKOR ontwikkel is. Hierdie nuwe dorpe is beïnvloed deur die internasionale nuwedorp-beweging. Hierdie referaat poog om die invloede te analiseer en om die verskille tussen fisiese uitleg en ideologiese werklikhede uit te wys. 'n Groot gedeelte van Suid-Afrika se geskiedenis is beïnvloed deur die ontdekking van minerale, wat grotendeels verantwoordelik was vir die ontwikkeling van nedersettings. Die ontdekking van diamante in Kimberley in 1869 het bv. 'n massiewe instroming van mense tot gevolg gehad na die voorheen onontwikkelde binneland. Vroeë ontdekkings van die mineraalrykdom van Suid-Afrika het ook voorgekom in Pelgrimsrus, Barberton en Johannesburg, wat almal tot permanente nedersettings gelei het. Vandag, as gevolg van die tipe mineraalafsettings, is individuele prospekteurs skaars. Suid-Afrikaanse minerale word deur net 'n paar mynbedrywe, wat die benodigde finansies en tegnologie besit, ontgin. Die opening van 'n nuwe myn benodig 'n groot aantal werkers, wat die voorsiening van behuising noodsaaklik maak, dikwels in verafgeleë areas. Die konstruksie van myndorpe en die ontwikkeling van groot semi-staat ondernemings beteken dat die meeste nuwe dorpe in Suid-Afrika terselfdertyd ondernemingsdorpe is en hul plasing tot 'n groot mate voorgeskryf is deur die voorkoms van minerale of grondstowwe. Selfs dorpe soos Sasolburg en Vanderbijlpark is ondernemingsdorpe wat naby groot kole-afsettings geplaas is. Die nuwedorpbeweging in Brittanje en sy voorlopers - byvoorbeeld die dorpe gestig deur die "Enlightened Industrialists", die tuinstede, en die Amerikaanse groengordelstede - het almal sterk sosiale beginsels onderliggend. In hierdie referaat word beweer dat in Suid-Afrika - ten spyte van die feit dat die fisiese vorm van nuwe stede 'n groot invloed op Suid-Afrikaanse dorpsuitlegte gehad het - baie min van die sosiale beginsels toegepas is. Die referaat bevraagteken die geldigheid van die vervreemding van die fisiese uitleg van die sosiale beginsels wat dit onderlê. Hierdie referaat bevraagteken ook die doeltreffendheid om buitelandse uitlegte na te boots by die uitlê van dorpe.

This article explores the social history of Suriname's first bauxite town, Moengo, founded in the late 1910s. It recounts the rise of a new industry that drew workers away from the plantations and urban artisanal occupations to work in a massive, highly organized and orchestrated organization-cum-social community. Using oral narratives about life in Moengo, as well as census and other statistical data, this contribution asks whether everyday life in the mining enclave echoed features of the plantation.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- Notes on Contributors -- Ferdinand Opll: An Appreciation -- Introduction -- Part I: The Challenge of Comparative Urban Studies -- 1 The European Historic Towns Atlas Project: Origin and Potential -- 2 Comparative Approaches in the Historico-topographical Analysis of Towns and Cities -- Part II: Case Studies from a National Perspective in the Core Area of Medieval Europe -- 3 The Topography of Power in the Towns of Medieval Italy -- 4 The Atlas historique de Bordeaux: A Newcomer to the Series Atlas historique des villes de France -- 5 Reinventing the German Towns Atlas? Trends in the Development of a National Historic Towns Atlas Project -- 6 Seigneurial Power and the Development of Towns in the Holy Roman Empire -- 7 The King and 'His' Town of Litoměřice/Leitmeritz in Medieval Bohemia -- 8 Seigneurial Power and Planning: Aspects of the Origins of Towns in Austria with Particular Reference to Vienna and Wiener Neustadt -- 9 Town Planning in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries: Symbolic Meaning and Pragmatic Process -- 10 Lordship, Economy and Society in English Medieval Marketplaces -- Part III: Case Studies from a National Perspective on the Periphery of Medieval Europe -- 11 Polish Town Plans as Expressions of Political and Economic Power -- 12 Royal Power and Urban Space in Medieval Hungary -- 13 Medieval Town Plans in Romania -- 14 The Medieval Planned Town in Croatia -- 15 Planning and Regulation in the Formation of New Towns and New Quarters in Ireland, 1170-1641 -- 16 Town Plans as Expressions of Political and Economic Power and Ecclesiastical Organization in Scandinavia -- Part IV: Symbolic Meanings of Town Plans -- 17 Medieval Urban Form in the Low Countries: State of Research, Comparative Perspective and Symbolic Meaning

Cities and Disasters presents interdisciplinary and multinational perspectives on emergency management policy, economic development, and the various factors that affect the recovery process after natural disasters strike urban areas. The book has three central themes: policy, urbanity, and the interplay of events after disasters that affect the process of a community's return to normalcy. It covers differing approaches to emergency management policy at local, state, and federal levels, as well as economic development and redevelopment issues in urban areas. It also analyzes the issues of race and ethnicity involved in urban disaster response and recovery plans. The book looks at recent catastrophes such as Hurricane Katrina, Superstorm Sandy, and the 2011 earthquake and tsunami in East Japan. The case studies highlight the diverse challenges that communities face with regard to emergency planning and response. Given global climate change, rising sea levels, and the increasing impacts of disasters upon people, particularly in densely populated urban areas, there is a clear and urgent necessity to rethink issues involved in preparation methods for disasters and their aftermath. The analyses in Cities and Disasters help guide policymakers and policy actors in making decisions that strengthen communities for the future.