Suchergebnisse

PERHAPS the most notable feature of the literature of economic development and planning over the past decade has been the discovery—or the belated rediscovery—that capital investment is not the sole source of economic growth; that the quality of the labour force is intimately connected with the (potential) rate of economic growth; that this quality is based on, and can be affected by, the education that members of the labour force received; and that consequently manpower and educational planning is a necessary part of over-all economic planning. Indeed so thoroughly has this new orthodoxy been accepted that some countries now have manpower and educational plans even though they may have no over-all development plan worth speaking of.

Contents are grouped under the headings: American higher education in comparative and time perspective; American higher education: resources and constraints; Toward a pluralistic system in American higher education; Citizenship in the university; Revamping American higher education.

This study examines newspaper articles about education published in a reference daily newspaper in Portugal during the measure taken to close schools as a way of containing the COVID-19 epidemic. During this three-month period, a total of 105 news items were collected involving several
educational and political actors: government representatives from the areas of education, health and work, parents, teachers, school principals, union representatives and, on rare occasions, even students. A qualitative analysis of these news items based on thematic analysis revealed themes
that appear at the core of schools ‐ i.e. that are essential and should be resumed as soon as possible. Amid the 'state of exception', 'neurotic citizenship' is reinforced and managed by the government. Within this context, participation and inclusion seem to
disappear from the discourse of education and are captured by work and economic issues that go beyond education itself.

This study analyzed the impact of pre- and postimmigration use of English- and native-language newspapers and TV on the relative size of education- and language-based political knowledge gaps among new U.S. immigrants. Results from a nationally representative survey of new immigrants in the United States (N = 3,319) suggested that pre-immigration use of English-language newspapers widens political knowledge gaps between immigrant groups with higher and lower English proficiency and groups with higher and lower preference to use English in social interactions. However, the gap in political knowledge between immigrant groups with higher and lower levels of education was leveled by post-immigration use of English-language TV. Interestingly, use of native-language media also had a leveling effect on the knowledge gap. Specifically, pre-immigration use of native-language newspapers and TV decreased the gap in political knowledge between groups with high and low education, and pre-immigration use of native-language TV decreased the knowledge gap between groups with high and low preference to use English. Implications are discussed.

The authors analyse different forms of environmental education projects and programmes implemented in the Baltic Sea region. The first one is "The Baltic University" programme taught in English. The "Baltic University" is a network of more than 200 universities from 14 counties of the Baltic Sea region. This education programme offers an opportunity for students to enroll on bachelor and master degree programmes related to environmental and social problems of the Baltic Sea region. The Polar and Marine Sciences, POMOR master programme, represents the second form of international environmental education. Russian and German researchers from six universities and four research centres have developed the programme. The target group of the programme are Russian and international students, studying together during the whole duration of the programme. It is the first internationally accredited MA programme taught in English. International accreditation proves the compliance of the programme with international education standards. The same cooperation model is used in a new international master programme - Cold Regions Environmental Landscapes Integrated Science (CORELIS). The programme started in 2016. It is implemented jointly by Hamburg university (the lead partner of the project), and university professors from Helsinki (Finland) and Lisbon (Portugal). Researchers from the Austrian National Institute of Polar Research (Austria, and Lund University (Sweden) will join the programme at a later stage. Such an approach will help achieve the synergy of the European and Russian approaches to environmental education. The Russian-Norwegian master programme "Geoecological monitoring and rational use of natural resources in the Northern oil and gas production regions" is a good example of the third form of international environmental education. The programme similar to POMOR and CORELIS. However, it has one distinctive feature - Russian and foreign students study together from the second term only. The authors describe the ways of achieving the learning objectives of these master programmes depending on the students' language skills and their basic knowledge of ecology and nature management.

How and under what conditions might bureaucrats look to other states? Using a novel dataset of state early learning standards, I conduct dyad analysis to explain across-state citations in bureaucratic documents. Federal government programs can affect which states are looked to for ideas by defining which states are successful through competitive grant programs. Furthermore, the success of programs within the state affect whether bureaucrats look to other states. This article makes two important contributions to our understanding of policy. First, it explores how bureaucrats can participate in policy knowledge diffusion by looking to other states for information. Second, it sheds light on how we measure states as laboratories by marshaling an innovative dataset of citations within state documents. The article suggests states may not be limited to acting as laboratories through electoral institutions, but rather, they may also innovate as laboratories of bureaucracy.

This study discussed the influence of work-life balance on employee engagement among women in technical education (WITED) in Polytechnics in Osun State. This is with the view of ensuring successful blending of world of work with personal responsibilities in optimal harmony.The study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population of the study was made up of women in technical education in government polytechnics, in Osun State. A total of 750 workers were selected from Women in the Technical Education through simple random sampling technique. Two research instruments titled Work-life balance Scale (WLBS) and Employee engagement scale (EES) adapted and modified were used to collect data for the study. The test retest reliability of the instruments administered within two weeks interval yielded .78 and 0.80 respectively. The response format used was the Likert format with options ranging from Strongly Agree (4) Agree (3) Strongly Disagree (2) and Disagree (1). All the instruments were divided into two parts. Part A solicited responses on personal information about the respondents while part B collected data on the variables under study. Multiple Regression Analysis was used to test the hypotheses raised at 0.05 alpha level. Result established that flexible work arrangement had coefficients β = 0.190, t = 1.688, p = 0.007 < α =0.05, indicating a significant influence of flexible work arrangement on employee engagement. Finding also, showed that work-life conflict also showed a significant influence on employee engagement with the coefficients, β = 0.385 t =-1.184, p = 0.002 < α =0.05, which indicated a negative influence of work life conflict on employee engagement. Based on the findings the study concluded that work-life balance should be comfortably blended with personal engagement so as to significantly engender employee engagement among Women in Technical Education (WITED) in Polytechnics in Osun. And that adequate skill and knowledge of assigned task should be sought to balance the fits in employee engagement among Women in Technical Education (WITED) in Polytechnics in Osun. The study recommended that management should build a work environment that attracts, retains, and motivates its employees to help them work comfortably to increase organization productivity, and that organizations should embrace flexible work schedule strategies as this would positively influence employee engagement.