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Nuclear nonproliferation, US and international security, reassurance, and US Senate decision not to ratify the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) and debate on national missile defense; 4 articles and 2 commentaries. Contents: Is arms control dead? by Harold Brown; The demise of arms control? by James Schlesinger; Strengthening arms control, by Thomas Graham; Renovating arms control through reassurance, by John Steinbruner; An inherent lesson in arms control, by Stephen Cambone; The road ahead for arms control, by Brad Roberts.

В статье проведен анализ стратегии экономической безопасности Российской Федерации, принятой в сложных социально-экономических условиях середины 1990-х гг. Время и условия принятия документа являются причиной того, что давно назрела необходимость его переработки с учетом новых факторов, влияющих на состояние прежних и возникновение новых угроз экономической безопасности России. В частности, отмечено, что современные события на Украине и реакция на них США и стран ЕС свидетельствуют о том, что мировое сообщество находится на грани перехода к качественно новому миропорядку. Обоснован тезис о том, что в настоящее время Российская Федерация меняет не только географию стратегического партнерства, но, что особенно важно, содержание экономической политики. Из экспортно ориентированной она становится импортозамещающей, что существенным образом изменяет характер и глубину угроз экономической безопасности страны. Авторами выполнен сопоставительный анализ действовавших ранее угроз экономической безопасности, сформировавшихся к сегодняшнему дню, и вновь зарождающихся под воздействием факторов внутреннего и внешнего характера. Результатом работы являются новые подходы концептуального характера к разработке современной концепции экономической безопасности России. Материалы исследования могут быть использованы при работе над обновленной стратегией экономической безопасности Российской Федерации, а также при обосновании основных направлений внутренней и внешней экономической политики. Статья может представлять интерес для научных сотрудников, преподавателей вузов, аспирантов и студентов, занимающихся проблемами мировой экономики и международных экономических отношений. ; Importance The article analyses the economic security strategies of the Russian Federation, adopted in the complicated socioeconomic conditions in the middle of the nineties. Objectives The time and conditions of document adoption necessitate its revision with regard to the new factors, which influence the current and emerging new threat to the Russian economic security. Particularly, we underline that the current events in Ukraine and in what manner the US and EU countries react to them indicate that the world community is on the brink of the transition to a brand new world order. Methods We substantiate the thesis that at the present time the Russian Federation is changing not only the geography of strategic partnership, but, what is especially important, the content of its economic policy. Russia changes its export-oriented economy to an import-substituting economy that substantially changes the nature and depth of the threats to the country's economic security. We have performed a comparative analysis of the earlier threats to economic security, which take shape to date, and the newly emerging threats under the influence of factors of the internal and external nature. The research resulted in new conceptual approaches to the development of modern concepts of the economic security of Russia. Results The research materials can be used when working with an updated strategy for the economic security of the Russian Federation, as well as during substantiating main directions of domestic and foreign economic policy. Conclusions and Relevance The article may be of interest to researchers, university teachers, postgraduates and students dealing with the issues of world economy and international economic relations.

Ideally, to reduce energy insecurity, a nation needs to deploy a range of renewable energy (RE) sources. For Central Asian economies, renewable sources appear to be a rational choice; yet, the deployment of renewables is limited and varies substantially by country. Conventional statistics for RE in Central Asia confirm the expected: hydrocarbon-poor countries (Kyrgyz Republic and Tajikistan) rely on RE to a greater extent than fuel-rich economies (Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan). However, this picture changes drastically once a stricter definition of RE - without the contribution of large-scale hydro power plants (LSHPPs) - is incorporated. Such treatment is appropriate due to several considerations, including sustainability, as the LSHPPs are infamous for their adverse environmental impacts; and security, as the water-energy nexus leaves national energy policymaking susceptible to sometimes arduous regional consensus. The latter aspect is especially relevant in the Central Asian setting. Thus, with the strict definition of RE applied, fossil fuel-rich Central Asian countries lead in the RE segment, whereas hydrocarbon-poor economies have almost no RE facilities in place. This paper seeks to explore such possibilities in Central Asia. Section one reviews the evolution of the energy security concept. Section two examines the regional context for energy cooperation. Section three analyses the economic and energy profiles of Central Asian economies. Section four investigates nations' RE policies and explores the RE potential in each economy. In section five, the common regional and specific national barriers for RE development are discussed in detail. Section five also contains our recommendations about ways to ensure energy security through regional energy cooperation, and characterizes the essential components of comprehensive national policies to enable a fuller utilization of the RE potential existing in Central Asia. Finally, section six presents our conclusions.

"Since the end of the last century, UN peacekeeping has undergone a fundamental and largely unexamined change. Peacekeeping operations, long expected to use force only in self-defence and to act impartially, are now increasingly relied upon by the Security Council as a means to maintain and restore security within a country. The operations are established under Chapter VII of the UN Charter and some are empowered to use 'all necessary measures', language traditionally reserved for enforcement operations. Through a close examination of these twenty-first century peacekeeping operations--including operations in Sierra Leone, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Liberia, Cote d'Ivoire, Haiti and the Darfur region of the Sudan--the book shows that they are, for the most part, fundamentally ill-suited to the enforcement-type tasks being asked of them. The operations, which are under-funded, under-equipped and whose troops are under-trained, frequently lurch from crisis to crisis. There is scant evidence, some 10 years on, that matters are likely to improve. The book argues that bestowing enforcement-type functions on a peacekeeping operation is misconceived. Such operations are likely to be unsuccessful in their enforcement-type tasks, thereby causing serious damage to the excellent reputation of UN peacekeeping, and the UN more broadly. In addition, because such operations are more likely to be perceived as partial, their ability to carry out traditional (non-forceful) peacekeeping tasks may be impeded. Finally, the Security Council's practice of charging peacekeeping operations with enforcement functions lessens the pressure on the Council to work to establish genuine enforcement operations - ie, operations that are considerably better suited to restoring peace and security"--Provided by publisher

The Bush administration's foreign policy agenda for Latin America is ambiguous, both tending to partnership and distancing itself from its southern neighbours. Rapprochement stems from a wish for real partnership in the fight against global terrorism and a dependable supply of hydrocarbon fuels; and distance results from the failure of the plan for a continent-wide free-trade area and concern over immigration seen in the taxation of immigrants and the building of a barrier along the border with Mexico. Adapted from the source document.

Analysing national programmes, state strategies and other documents that regulate immigration and migrant integration in Lithuania, this article provides an overview of policy priorities in this field before and after the enlar gement of the European Union (EU). The main theoretical approaches of migration processes and policies are reviewed to conceptualise the field in which the Lithuanian immigration and migrant integration polices are to be analysed. The article covers different types of immigration, reveals main immigration trends and provides contextual information: policy responses and political discussions, public debates and societal attitudes towards immigration. It touches on the newest legislative and institutional developments in the field concerned and reveals that before 2014, immigration policy in Lithuania was based on the so-called ad hoc principle, while during the first half of 2014, a new trend emerged as the government adopted the 'Lithuanian Migration Policy Guidelines' and 'Action Plan for Implementation of the Policy for the Integration of Foreigners'. At the same time, integration of foreigners as a new area of policy emerged in the Ministry of Social Security of Labour. Migrant integration is becoming a prioritised policy area. However, its challenging aspect has to be emphasised as deeper analysis of migrant integration infrastructu re revealed that project-based activities, supported by the EU funds, have already managed to 'change' the implementation of migrant integration policy at state level.

Analysing national programmes, state strategies and other documents that regulate immigration and migrant integration in Lithuania, this article provides an overview of policy priorities in this field before and after the enlar gement of the European Union (EU). The main theoretical approaches of migration processes and policies are reviewed to conceptualise the field in which the Lithuanian immigration and migrant integration polices are to be analysed. The article covers different types of immigration, reveals main immigration trends and provides contextual information: policy responses and political discussions, public debates and societal attitudes towards immigration. It touches on the newest legislative and institutional developments in the field concerned and reveals that before 2014, immigration policy in Lithuania was based on the so-called ad hoc principle, while during the first half of 2014, a new trend emerged as the government adopted the 'Lithuanian Migration Policy Guidelines' and 'Action Plan for Implementation of the Policy for the Integration of Foreigners'. At the same time, integration of foreigners as a new area of policy emerged in the Ministry of Social Security of Labour. Migrant integration is becoming a prioritised policy area. However, its challenging aspect has to be emphasised as deeper analysis of migrant integration infrastructu re revealed that project-based activities, supported by the EU funds, have already managed to 'change' the implementation of migrant integration policy at state level.

Analysing national programmes, state strategies and other documents that regulate immigration and migrant integration in Lithuania, this article provides an overview of policy priorities in this field before and after the enlar gement of the European Union (EU). The main theoretical approaches of migration processes and policies are reviewed to conceptualise the field in which the Lithuanian immigration and migrant integration polices are to be analysed. The article covers different types of immigration, reveals main immigration trends and provides contextual information: policy responses and political discussions, public debates and societal attitudes towards immigration. It touches on the newest legislative and institutional developments in the field concerned and reveals that before 2014, immigration policy in Lithuania was based on the so-called ad hoc principle, while during the first half of 2014, a new trend emerged as the government adopted the 'Lithuanian Migration Policy Guidelines' and 'Action Plan for Implementation of the Policy for the Integration of Foreigners'. At the same time, integration of foreigners as a new area of policy emerged in the Ministry of Social Security of Labour. Migrant integration is becoming a prioritised policy area. However, its challenging aspect has to be emphasised as deeper analysis of migrant integration infrastructu re revealed that project-based activities, supported by the EU funds, have already managed to 'change' the implementation of migrant integration policy at state level.

Analysing national programmes, state strategies and other documents that regulate immigration and migrant integration in Lithuania, this article provides an overview of policy priorities in this field before and after the enlar gement of the European Union (EU). The main theoretical approaches of migration processes and policies are reviewed to conceptualise the field in which the Lithuanian immigration and migrant integration polices are to be analysed. The article covers different types of immigration, reveals main immigration trends and provides contextual information: policy responses and political discussions, public debates and societal attitudes towards immigration. It touches on the newest legislative and institutional developments in the field concerned and reveals that before 2014, immigration policy in Lithuania was based on the so-called ad hoc principle, while during the first half of 2014, a new trend emerged as the government adopted the 'Lithuanian Migration Policy Guidelines' and 'Action Plan for Implementation of the Policy for the Integration of Foreigners'. At the same time, integration of foreigners as a new area of policy emerged in the Ministry of Social Security of Labour. Migrant integration is becoming a prioritised policy area. However, its challenging aspect has to be emphasised as deeper analysis of migrant integration infrastructu re revealed that project-based activities, supported by the EU funds, have already managed to 'change' the implementation of migrant integration policy at state level.

A global transformation in food supply and consumption is placing our food security at risk. What changes need to be made to the ways we trade, process and purchase our food if everyone in the world is going to have enough wholesome food to eat? Is there genuine scope for creating food futures that embrace considerations such as ecological sustainability and social equity as well as placing good food on the table - and making money? Drawing upon examples of innovative food chains in Europe, Canada, Africa and Latin America, leading academics and practitioners challenge the idea that individuals are powerless in the face of global supply chains and the legal apparatus protecting them. The authors do not, however, underestimate the scale of the task at hand. They explore the tensions and dilemmas inherent in innovative practice - such as the ethics of mainstreaming, balancing a variety of goals and the ways in which success is defined - as well as presenting success stories and explaining how they were achieved. Creating Food Futures provides you with inspiring examples of what is being done and thought-provoking suggestions for future work.

"In the summer of 2013, just as a small town in Quebec was decimated due to a train derailment, heavy rainfall prompted thirty Alberta communities to declare a state of emergency. Whereas a SWAT team surrounded train conductor Thomas Harding and brought him to court where he was charged with the deaths of forty-seven in Quebec, Calgary mayor Naheed Nenshi emerged from the Alberta crisis as a folk hero. As the Lac-Mégantic train derailment and the flood in Alberta demonstrate, political, economic, legal, and cultural climates influence the way disasters are received. In Too Critical to Fail, Kevin Quigley, Ben Bisset, and Bryan Mills identify the social context that shapes the Canadian government's ability to prepare for and respond to emergencies. Using original research on natural disasters, pandemics, industrial failures, cyber-attacks, and terrorist threats, the authors evaluate the risk regulation regimes that monitor, interpret, and respond to failures in Canada's critical infrastructure to limit their possibilities and consequences. More broadly, this book identifies key vulnerabilities and regulatory challenges for both the government and the private sector in mitigating threats to safety and security. Too Critical to Fail applies an investigative lens to the multiple and competing risks that the government balances to secure assets that enable modern civilization. Raising questions not only about Canadians' ability to protect critical infrastructure and respond to threats, this book further challenges the biases that determine who is held to account when the system fails."--