Suchergebnisse

Chapter 1. Introduction: What this Study is not and What it Aspires to be -- Chapter 2. "Political Islam" - A Contested Term -- Chapter 3. The Scientific Background to our own Empirical Study -- Chapter 4. Methods, and Design of our own Empirical Study -- Chapter 5. The Empirical Results of our Empirical Study -- Chapter 6. Discussion and Conclusions of this Study in the Context of the Empirical Results Obtained.

1. Translation technique and textual criticism -- 2. Biography and cultural history -- 3. The classification of the sciences and methods of research and teaching -- 4. Philosophy -- 5. Natural science -- 6. Medicine -- 7. Geometry, arithmetic and optics -- 8. Geography and astronomy -- 9. Musicology -- 10. Mechanics -- 11. The occult sciences -- 12. Literature and art.

East and West; Modernism (Christian theology); Islam; Turkey

Con sus recursos naturales y su posición geoestratégica, el mundo musulmán especialmente los países del Medio Oriente, juegan un papel importante como países productores de energía y de tránsito de hidrocarburos. El autor hace una retrospectiva histórica del Islam como doctrina filosófica y como forma de vida; se analiza la interrelación entre religión y política en el mundo musulmán. Asimismo se hace un análisis del papel del Islam a partir del cese de la Guerra Fría y el colapso de la Unión Soviética y cómo el Islam se ha convertido en el nuevo enemigo de Occidente. Por otro lado, se hace un esfuerzo por brindar una caracterización del papel de la mujer en la sociedad musulmana y se incluyen casos de las sistemáticas violaciones a los Derechos Humanos. Se estudia el rol de los hidrocarburos como factor de modernización y de desestabilización tanto a lo interno de cada país musulmán, como entre los mismos países musulmanes y entre éstos y Occidente. ; With its natural resources and strategic geographical position, the Muslim world, especially the nationsof the Middle East, play an important role as energy producing countries and routes of transit forhydrocarbons. The author presents a historie retrospective of Islam as a philosophical doctrine and way oflife; the interrelation between religion and politics in the Muslim world is analyzed. Like-wise, the authoranalyzes the role of Islam after Cold War and breakdown of the USSR and how Islam has been converted into the West's new enemy. Effort is made to characterize the role of women in Muslim society, case studiesinclude systematic human rights violations. The role of oil resources as a modernization and destabilizingfactor both within and among Muslim countries and with the West is studied.

Historiker, wie Walther L. Bernecker, Orientalisten, Kulturwissenschaftler und der Journalist und Hrsg. Raimund Allebrand analysieren die Stationen islamischer Präsenz in Spanien von den Anfängen im 8. Jahrhundert bis in die unmittelbare Gegenwart. Viele Bewohner des Landes haben die islamische Herrschaft im maurischen al-Andalus und die spätere Vertreibung der Muslime während der Reconquista verdrängt. Die Madrider Attentate vom 11. März letzten Jahres haben dieses Kapitel der eigenen Geschichte wieder in das Bewusstsein der Spanier gerückt. In den 12 Beiträgen, denen eine kurze Zusammenfassung und Angaben zum jeweiligen Autor vorangestellt sind, wird das ambivalente Verhältnis der Iberischen Halbinsel zur islamischen Welt sehr deutlich. Den Autoren gelingt es, die verschiedenen Facetten dieser vielschichtigen Thematik transparent zu machen und hier und da auch kritisch zu hinterfragen.

"Public policy determines the scope, limits, and forms of social action. It is the government's means for encouraging, discouraging, or prohibiting certain acts or behaviors. In an Islamic state, the divine law (Shari'a) must be implemented as a means for the realization of the will of God on earth. The Shari'a is, therefore, the code of social conduct and the means of regulating social discourse as well as social change. Since definition of the Shari'a is itself a matter of interpretation, two fundamental issues arise. First, what is the legitimate source and process of interpretation of the precepts of Islamic law, the Shari'a? Second, how are the specific dictums of the Shari'a affected by fundamental changes in the social and technological circumstances of life?