Suchergebnisse

Trotz der innen- und außenpolitischen Hürden, welche die Mitte-links-Regierung (seit Dezember 2023) als Altlasten übernommen hat, besteht die Chance, dass Polen eine neue zentrale Position einnehmen und ein wichtiger Partner und Ideenstifter für die EU wird. Die guten Beziehungen führender Regierungsver- treter zu vielen jetzigen und ehemaligen europäischen Entscheidungsträgern, ihre innen- und außenpoliti- sche Erfahrung sowie die wichtige Rolle, die Polen für die Unterstützung der Ukraine spielt, können gute Voraussetzungen dafür sein. Dazu werden neue Ideen und Lösungen für die EU-Reformen, eine neue Ost- europapolitik sowie die Herausforderungen, vor denen die EU steht, benötigt. In deren Vorbereitung soll- ten führende polnische Thinktanks miteinbezogen werden.

Resumo The objective of the study is to analyze female entrepreneurship in eighteen countries in America and Europe during the period 2003 to 2015, identifying some factors associated with it. It focuses on the New Institutional Economics, which considers the role played by institutions (formal and informal) in the materialization of entrepreneurship. The study uses a multivariate statistical analysis based on two different sources (Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and World Bank) to explain the phenomenon based on various institutional factors (financing, government programs and policies, social and cultural aspects, administrative procedures, corruption). The results reveal some factors associated with female entrepreneurship, highlighting socio-cultural conditions, government policies, knowledge and skills of female entrepreneurs. These findings provide information derived from various policy adjustments and changes related to female entrepreneurship.

In 2020, 222 million students were enrolled in colleges and universities worldwide, more than doubling the 100 million who were enrolled in 2000. Of that number, 5 million students enrolled in higher education institutions outside their home countries, generating nearly $5 billion annually.

AbstractDrawing on my qualitative and quantitative research I show that the motives for war have changed in the course of the last four centuries, and that the causes of war and the responses of others to the use of force are shaped by society. Leaders who start wars rarely behave with the substantive and instrumental rationality assumed by realist and rationalist approaches. For this reason, historically they lose more than half wars than they start. After 1945, the frequency of failure rises to over 80 percent. Rationalists allow for miscalculation but attribute it to lack of information. In most wars, information was available beforehand that indicated, or certainly suggested, that the venture would not succeed militarily or fail to achieve its political goals. The war in Ukraine is a case in point.

The implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals and the Lisbon Strategy sets the task of a comprehensive study of the citizens` well-being, determining the state and trends in the level and quality of life not only by traditional methods of social statistics, but also through comprehensive sociological research. This approach has significant advantages since it allows us to generalize the state of social development of a society based on the population`s opinions, to study the emerging social risks that concern the population, to determine the differentiation of countries by indicators of well-being. The foundations of the new approach to the analysis of social processes were laid by the scientific achievements of the 60s of the last century. The dominant paradigm was the economic goals and parameters of statistically measured national income, household income, wages and their differentiation. The environmental risks that threaten the future of civilization were identified and analyzed in the 70s of the XX century. The production contradiction, which raised the question of measuring the quality of life in a new way, was articulated. The economic component (economic growth) was mixed and replaced with the welfare parameter. The sustainable development, including the indicators of well-being, the fight against poverty, and the environment were declared to be the goals of the society. The tasks of monitoring the solution of these problems are solved by sociological research, whose mathematical formalization can become a structural element of economic and mathematical modeling of social processes.