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Compares patterns of regulatory policy making and implementation related to large scale nonmilitary inventions.

Current research in public management generally hypothesizes that the involvement of external stakeholders by governments positively affects the performance of policies. Recent research, however, has demonstrated diminishing returns of involvement on performance, as well as different effects of involvement for different types of stakeholder organizations. The present article combines these insights. We distinguish between professional and client-interest stakeholder organizations, and assess the effect of their involvement on policy performance in terms of client outcomes. The hypotheses are tested using a combined longitudinal data set consisting of a representative sample of 69 Dutch local governments and 3,434 clients of the Social Support Act, which aims to increase the independent functioning of individuals with mental or physical impediments. Multilevel analyses show that only the involvement of professional stakeholder organizations is related to policy performance, with negative returns on policy performance at higher levels of involvement.

This paper estimates an unobserved components model to explore the macro dynamics of entrepreneurship in Spain and the US. We ask whether entrepreneurship exhibits hysteresis, defined as a macro dynamic structure in which cyclical fluctuations have persistent effects on the natural rate of entrepreneurship. We find evidence of hysteresis in Spain, but not the US, while in both countries business cycle output variations significantly affect future rates of entrepreneurship. The article discusses implications of the findings for the design of entrepreneurship policies.

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to report on an industry policy implementation case involving around 30 manufacturing firms, where the intellectual capital (IC) lens, and especially the intellectual capital navigator (ICN) approach, was found to be very useful for evaluating alternative servitisation strategies. Servitisation is a form of business model innovation and as such involves restructuring the firm's resource deployment system including its IC resources.Design/methodology/approach– The ICN was one of several methods and themes used by a sample of manufacturing firms during a 12 month period. Data capture were through video filming, observation, and formal interviewing during and after the interventions.Findings– The ICN is considered to be the third most valuable theme in a strategic and operational servitisation programme for manufacturing firms, primarily in the domain of effectiveness evaluation of alternative resource deployment strategies and as such should be one of the key dimensions in a business model template for manufacturing firms that aim to servitize. This research also illustrates the usefulness of the intellectual capital lens in the policy implementation process.Research limitations/implications– The findings of this study is limited to the servitization process of SME manufacturing firms in an Anglo-Saxon operating environment which very rapidly have gone from low to high cost.Originality/value– The development of service-oriented business models for manufacturing firms suffers due to traditional business model frameworks not having a high relevance for servitising manufacturing firm. Consequently it is important to understand the potential contribution that the IC lens through the ICN can make in the servitisation process.

IFPRI3; CRP2; F Strengthening institutions and governance ; DSGD; PIM ; PR ; CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

published_or_final_version ; Public Administration ; Master ; Master of Public Administration

AbstractThe paper explores how subjective risk perception intersects with government disaster management policy that is premised on an objective approach to risk assessment and mitigation. It finds that the presumption of objective risk management underpinning government policy is fundamentally at odds with community risk perceptions. This paper applies the techniques of ethnographic study to explore how communities understand and frame risk narratives. Using qualitative methods, the paper constructs the risk narratives of residents of Rocklea, Brisbane, following their experience with the 2011 Brisbane Flood. These risk narratives are considered in light of the Australian National Strategy for Disaster Resilience and recommendations are accordingly made for government disaster management policy.

British & US policies on nonmilitary, dangerous inventions are compared, & a general theory for future inventions is developed. It is proposed that government policymakers in both countries effectively classify new inventions as analagous to older ones according to use ("pseudomorphic" inventions) or to the techniques used to achieve the invention's objectives ("nonpseudomorphic" inventions). Four inventions or discoveries closely identified with the twentieth century -- electricity, the motor vehicle, modern illegal drugs, & oral contraceptives -- were treated as pseudomorphs, & existing regulatory structures applied to them. Five other inventions -- the airplane, modern pharmaceuticals, post-WWII chemistry, nuclear power, & biotechnology -- were treated as nonpseudomorphic; therefore, highly centralized, rational-comprehensive, & detailed structures were put in place to regulate them. The US & GB treated these dangerous inventions similarly, except for the degree of centralization in decision making. It is argued that differences between dangerous inventions (eg, deadliness, safety, power, effectiveness, & the number of potential victims), should be considered in the policy-making process. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 43 References. M. Pflum