Suchergebnisse

« Quel genre de groupe sont les races ? » est une question d'ontologie sociale dont la réponse est un préalable indispensable pour répondre à la question normative : « que devons-nous faire avec elles ? ». On partira de l'opposition, proposée par John Stuart Mill, entre genres réels et genres nominaux et on montrera que les groupes racialisés ne correspondent pas à des genres réels naturels mais socialement construits. Pour autant, il ne s'agit pas de simples groupes nominaux et leur degré d'agir collectif les différencie également des séries sartriennes. S'il importe de prendre en compte leur statut d'êtres collectifs, c'est pour mettre en place une politique qui permette de déconstruire la configuration sociale qui a conduit à produire ces groupes sociaux particuliers que sont les races.

This article argues that Gilbert Simondon's philosophy of technology is useful for both science and technology studies (STS) and critical theory. The synthesis has political implications. It offers an argument for the rationality of democratic interventions by citizens into decisions concerning technology. The new framework opens a perspective on the radical transformation of technology required by ecological modernization and sustainability. In so doing, it suggests new applications of STS methods to politics as well as a reconstruction of the Frankfurt School's "rational critique of reason."

This article analyses C.A.W. Manning's The Nature of International Society ( NIS) by exploring the constructivist insights avant-la-lettre displayed in this not so prominent opus on international society. The article's objective is twofold. First, to re-establish Manning's argument, which has been distorted by its successors. That is to say, whereas often identified as a source of inspiration by subsequent generations of English School academics, the British mainstream at the same time appears to have missed out on Manning's more metatheoretical, socio-linguistic insights. By exploring his message about the link between knowledge, language, meaning and reality, this article secondly addresses the added value of Manning's work in terms of his analysis of the metaphor of sovereignty games. It is argued that, particularly in the analysis of the constitutive role of language, NIS provides useful insights for the reconvention project of the English School.