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A practical manual on Ukrainian labor law. The work discusses labor contracts; collective agreements; work hours and overtime; time off, paid and unpaid; wages and salaries; work discipline; work safety; employment of women; employment of young persons; conflict resolution; unions; monitoring adherence to labor law. Sample documents illustrating the various aspects of labor law are included

Jim McNeill discusses Rick Fantasia and Kim Voss's Hard Work: Remaking the American Labor Movement; Dan Clawson's The Next Upsurge: Labor and the New Social Movements; Steven Henry Lopez's Reorganizing the Rust Belt: An Inside Study of the American Labor Movement; and Rebuilding Labor: Organizing And Organizers in the New Union Movement, edited by Ruth Milkman and Kim Voss.

McNeill reviews Hard Work: Remaking the American Labor Movement by Rick Fantasia and Kim Voss, The Next Upsurge: Labor and the New Social Movements by Dan Clawson, Reorganizing the Rust Belt: An Inside Study of the American Labor Movement by Steven Henry Lopez, and Rebuilding Labor: Organizing and Organizers in the New Union Movement edited by Ruth Milkman and Kim Voss.

With promotional livestreaming transforming the digital culture and e-commerce landscape in China, rural streamers take this opportunity to not only harvest economic rewards but also construct rural identities and associated imagery. Employing a digital ethnographic approach, this article closely explored how rural spaces and rural labor activities are constructed and commodified in Chinese promotional livestreaming. I argue that although rural streamers' creative use of platform-afforded liveness and interactivity enriches Chinese digital culture by making everyday life in rural spaces visible, this constructed rurality is, however, flattened, decontextualized, and romanticized – thus, ready to be commodified and sold to the audience. In addition, agricultural labor is made hyper-visible, generating the possibility for demystifying said labor process, while other forms of labor, mainly affective labor and labor for negotiation with the platforms, are made invisible, undervalued, and exploited, deepening the precarious condition of such platform-dependent labor.

The paper describes industrial relations as social relations of production and using this framework characterizes the Philippine IR system as predominantly paternalistic, hierarchical and unitary. Using statistics gathered from government sources, he discusses the state of trade unionism and collective bargaining in the country and the low compliance to labor standards which are directly related to the number of strikes among the organized labor sector. He recommends the need to curb declining trade union membership and militancy by calling on labor unions to align themselves with civil society, explore new mechanisms for labor empowerment and support corporate codes of conduct to promote self-regulation of labor standards compliance. He also urges a strong partnership among the IR actors with government and the private sector becoming more proactive to labor policy reforms and promotion of labor empowerment and social justice initiatives.

"During the Cold War, American labour organizations were at the centre of the battle for the hearts and minds of working people. At a time when trade unions were a substantial force in both American and European politics, the fiercely anti-communist American Federation of Labor Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL CIO) set a strong example for labour organizations overseas. The AFL CIO cooperated closely with the US government on foreign policy and enjoyed an intimate, if sometimes strained, relationship with the CIA. The activities of its international staff, and especially the often secretive work of Jay Lovestone and Irving Brown--whose biographies read like characters plucked from a Le Carré novel--exerted a major influence on relationships in Europe and beyond. Having mastered the enormous volume of correspondence and other records generated by staffers Lovestone and Brown, Carew presents a lively and clear account of what has largely been an unknown dimension of the Cold War. In impressive detail, Carew maps the international programs of the AFL CIO during the Cold War and its relations with labour organizations abroad, in addition to providing a summary of the labour situation of a dozen or more countries including Finland, France, Italy, Germany, Japan, Greece, and India. American Labour's Cold War Abroad reveals how the Cold War compelled trade unionists to reflect on the role of unions in a free society. Yet there was to be no meeting of minds on this, and at the end of the 1960s the AFL CIO broke with the mainstream of the international labour movement to pursue its own crusade against communism."--

An examination of recent historical events in South Africa, with focus on Natal, that have militated against economic & political solidarity between Indians residing in South Africa & the Africans & Coloreds. The introduction of indentured labor in the nineteenth century laid the basis for economic competition in Natal (where the lowest wage rates in the nation were & continue to be paid to blacks), & the white employers, anxious to counteract the emergence of labor solidarity, exploited the situation through segregation & misinformation, which resulted in the 1949 Mauritius riots. The traditional jati-structured Indian society, through endogamy, is also identified as an impediment to collective action within the Indian community. The relationship between race & SC is discussed. 26 References. W. Adams

The objective of this current study is to identify the issue of tourist expatriate labor, its effects on the touristic and economic levels, its ways of evaluation, the manner of dealing with its reasons and motivations, and the ways of replacing it with local labor. However, this labor is able to fill the gap to and from a pure Jordanian touristic product. In addition, it is able to obtain the maximum benefit from tourist activity. The results of the study revealed that the expatriate labor represents 17.6% of the total labor in the Jordanian tourist sector. Therefore, most of these labors are concentrated in hotels and tourist restaurants. Tourism is one of the Jordanian sectors that do not attract local labor, but are attractive to expatriate labor. The expatriate labor in the Jordanian tourist sector is complementary. Hence, it is not a substitute for the tourist professions. The study recommended the need to develop local tourist workers by holding courses for the Jordanian workers in the tourist hotels and restaurants. Also, training on lingual and specialized tasks which focuses on the medium university education should be provided for them. Also, vocational training corporations should be organized. This in turn fills the gap of the tourist activities that attract expatriate labor and amendment legislation and laws relating to wages and the nature of work in the tourism sector. Hence, this is aimed to attract local tourist labor.

Book Reviews The Roosevelt Court: A Study in Judicial Politics and Values By C.Herman Pritchett New York: The Macmillan Company, 1948, Pp. 314,$5.00 Lions Under the Throne By Charles P. Curtis, Jr. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin Company, 1947. Pp. 361. $3.50 The Nine Young Men By Wesley McCune New York: Harper & Bros.,1947. Pp. 293. $3.50 reviewer: William N. Ethridge, Jr. ========================== A Declaration of Legal Faith By Wiley Rutledge Lawrence, Kansas:University of Kansas Press, 1947. Pp. 82. $2.00 reviewer: M. G. Dakin The Papers of Walter Clark: 1857-1901, Vol. 1 Edited by Aubrey Lee Brooks and Hugh T. Leffler Chapel Hill, N. C.: University of North Carolina Press. 1948. Pp. xv, 607. $6.00 reviewer: A. B. Neil State Labor Relations Acts By Charles C. Killingsworth Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1948. Pp. 328. $4.00 reviewer: C. M. Updegraff ============================== Book Notes Dangerous Words By Philip Wittenberg New York: Columbia University Press, 1947. Pp. 335. $5.00 Essentials of Libel By Paul P. Ashley Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1948. Pp. 71. $1.50. Law in Action Edited by Amicus Curiae, With an Introduction by Roscoe Pound New York: Crown Publishers, 1947. Pp. xiv, 498. $3.00 The Trial of Christ from a Legal and Scriptural Viewpoint By David K. Breed St. Louis: Thomas Law Book Company, 1948. Pp. 90. $2.50

This paper presents evidence on the equilibrium labor market impacts of a large rural workfare program in India. We use the gradual roll out of the program to estimate changes in districts that received the program earlier relative to those that received it later. Our estimates reveal that following the introduction of the program, public employment increased by .3 days per prime-aged person per month (1.3% of private sector employment) more in early districts than in the rest of India. Casual wages increased by 4.5%, and private sector work for low-skill workers fell by 1.6%. These effects are concentrated in the dry season, during which the majority of public works employment is provided. Our results suggest that public sector hiring crowds out private sector work and increases private sector wages. We use these estimates to compute the implied welfare gains of the program by consumption quintile. Our calculations show that the welfare gains to the poor from the equilibrium increase in private sector wages are large in absolute terms and large relative to the gains received solely by program participants. We conclude that the equilibrium labor market impacts are a first order concern when comparing workfare programs with other anti-poverty programs such as a cash transfer.

This paper presents evidence on the equilibrium labor market impacts of a large rural workfare program in India. We use the gradual roll out of the program to estimate changes in districts that received the program earlier relative to those that received it later. Our estimates reveal that following the introduction of the program, public employment increased by .3 days per prime-aged person per month (1.3% of private sector employment) more in early districts than in the rest of India. Casual wages increased by 4.5%, and private sector work for low-skill workers fell by 1.6%. These effects are concentrated in the dry season, during which the majority of public works employment is provided. Our results suggest that public sector hiring crowds out private sector work and increases private sector wages. We use these estimates to compute the implied welfare gains of the program by consumption quintile. Our calculations show that the welfare gains to the poor from the equilibrium increase in private sector wages are large in absolute terms and large relative to the gains received solely by program participants. We conclude that the equilibrium labor market impacts are a first order concern when comparing workfare programs with other anti-poverty programs such as a cash transfer.

This paper presents evidence on the equilibrium labor market impacts of a large rural workfare program in India. We use the gradual roll out of the program to estimate changes in districts that received the program earlier relative to those that received it later. Our estimates reveal that following the introduction of the program, public employment increased by .3 days per prime-aged person per month (1.3% of private sector employment) more in early districts than in the rest of India. Casual wages increased by 4.5%, and private sector work for low-skill workers fell by 1.6%. These effects are concentrated in the dry season, during which the majority of public works employment is provided. Our results suggest that public sector hiring crowds out private sector work and increases private sector wages. We use these estimates to compute the implied welfare gains of the program by consumption quintile. Our calculations show that the welfare gains to the poor from the equilibrium increase in private sector wages are large in absolute terms and large relative to the gains received solely by program participants. We conclude that the equilibrium labor market impacts are a first order concern when comparing workfare programs with other anti-poverty programs such as a cash transfer.

This paper presents evidence on the equilibrium labor market impacts of a large rural workfare program in India. We use the gradual roll out of the program to estimate changes in districts that received the program earlier relative to those that received it later. Our estimates reveal that following the introduction of the program, public employment increased by .3 days per prime-aged person per month (1.3% of private sector employment) more in early districts than in the rest of India. Casual wages increased by 4.5%, and private sector work for low-skill workers fell by 1.6%. These effects are concentrated in the dry season, during which the majority of public works employment is provided. Our results suggest that public sector hiring crowds out private sector work and increases private sector wages. We use these estimates to compute the implied welfare gains of the program by consumption quintile. Our calculations show that the welfare gains to the poor from the equilibrium increase in private sector wages are large in absolute terms and large relative to the gains received solely by program participants. We conclude that the equilibrium labor market impacts are a first order concern when comparing workfare programs with other anti-poverty programs such as a cash transfer.

This paper presents evidence on the equilibrium labor market impacts of a large rural workfare program in India. We use the gradual roll out of the program to estimate changes in districts that received the program earlier relative to those that received it later. Our estimates reveal that following the introduction of the program, public employment increased by .3 days per prime-aged person per month (1.3% of private sector employment) more in early districts than in the rest of India. Casual wages increased by 4.5%, and private sector work for low-skill workers fell by 1.6%. These effects are concentrated in the dry season, during which the majority of public works employment is provided. Our results suggest that public sector hiring crowds out private sector work and increases private sector wages. We use these estimates to compute the implied welfare gains of the program by consumption quintile. Our calculations show that the welfare gains to the poor from the equilibrium increase in private sector wages are large in absolute terms and large relative to the gains received solely by program participants. We conclude that the equilibrium labor market impacts are a first order concern when comparing workfare programs with other anti-poverty programs such as a cash transfer.