Suchergebnisse

AbstractThis article recovers the history of the transnational women's movement that arose during Portugal's colonial wars (1961–1974). This movement connected women in Portugal and its colonies and operated independently of the PCP, MPLA, PAIGC, and FRELIMO. Most research on women's activism in Portugal, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Cabo Verde, and Mozambique begins with their relationships to the male-dominated organizations that operated within national frameworks. In contrast, by examining the international connections of these women's groups, this article illuminates their political activities outside national organizations led by men. It shows that women created transnational solidarity networks struggling against the Portuguese Estado Novo and the colonial wars and, in doing so, promoted their own emancipation.

Official data prior to 2016 and expe-riences, individual and collective, have recorded the promotion of access and diversity in higher education by the federal government in Brazil. Since 2016, guided by the desire for a minimal state in the country, Bolsonaro has demanded interventions in recent history that legitimized the dismantling of the welfare state before the positive experience was consolidated as official memory. Specifically, about the public university, we identify that bolsonarism mobilizes the fears and anxieties of the people to justify the dismantling and institutional harassment of the public university. Our purpose was to analyze how disinformation on social media has been used for political purposes by the federal government and its support network.

Abstract
After World War II, an estimated five million people were on the move in Czechoslovakia. Between 1954 and 1970, over 16,000 of them immigrated to Australia. This paper is part of a larger research project that provides an in-depth inquiry of the lived experiences of 18 post-World War II emigrants from Czechoslovakia, who are now Australian citizens. Findings reveal emigrants' significant emotional reflections about their life in Czechoslovakia and provide vivid phenomenological accounts of their views about their original country's political and economic context and life within it, as well as challenges related to leaving the country and their lived experiences as displaced persons in foreign countries and Displaced Persons camps.

GST is a major tax reform in India that has been in the works for a long time due to political concerns and competing stakeholders' interests. It was first launched in April 2010, but the goods and services tax (GST) went into effect on July 1, 2017. The primary goal of GST is to consolidate all indirect taxes in India, including the central excise tax (CET), the value-added tax (VAT), and the service tax, into a single taxation structure. It improves the country's taxation system by increasing transparency and reducing tax evasion and corruption. The GST concept, its features, GST advantages, and their influence on the Indian economy are all discussed in this article.

Across the globe, a growing number of social movements, such as demonstrations in support of equal civil status or reproductive freedom and against sexualized violence, show that women's and gender rights are highly contested. Against the backdrop of a long history of unequal rights implementation, the contributors to this volume deal with the questions of why and in which ways gender equality has become contested in various political contexts. Local case studies examine the relevant structural, institutional, and socio-cultural causes of the global challenges to equality. This book follows an interdisciplinary approach and unites scholars from law, linguistics, cultural studies, history, social sciences, and gender studies in diverse contexts.

This study aims to find the effect of organizational climate and motivation on member participation in student organization activities. The sample in this study amounted to 113 members of the Hasanuddin University Political Science Student Association. Data were collected through questionnaires and then analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique available in the SmartPLS program. The results of this study indicate that organizational climate and motivation have a positive and significant influence on member participation in organizational activities. The implication of the statement shows that maximizing the level of participation, it can be done by strengthening and adjusting the dimensions of values contained in the organizational climate and motivational constructs.

This article interrogates how survivors/victims participate in peacemaking and victim-centred Transitional Justice initiatives, focusing on the role of the victims' delegations during the Santos-FARC/EP peace talks in Colombia (2012-2016). The article presents unique empirical data, drawing on sixty-eight interviews with participants from the talks. The research assesses Colombia's victim-centred approach, arguing that the delegations shaped the content of the peace agreement, influenced historic narratives of victimhood and shaped victim-perpetrator relationships, facilitating victim agency and empowerment. However, wider political and economic prerogatives and dominant TJ tendencies constrained the broader exercise of agency, whilst participants experienced episodes of disempowerment and instrumentalisation.

Abstract After World War II, an estimated five million people were on the move in Czechoslovakia. Between 1954 and 1970, over 16,000 of them immigrated to Australia. This paper is part of a larger research project that provides an in-depth inquiry of the lived experiences of 18 post-World War II emigrants from Czechoslovakia, who are now Australian citizens. Findings reveal emigrants' significant emotional reflections about their life in Czechoslovakia and provide vivid phenomenological accounts of their views about their original country's political and economic context and life within it, as well as challenges related to leaving the country and their lived experiences as displaced persons in foreign countries and Displaced Persons camps.

When, why, how, and by whom was "time" combined with "law" in Japan? This paper scrutinizes the issue based on Yoshiro Okada's research, especially his most important works: Nihon no Koyomi and his thesis "Meiji no Kaireki: 'Toki' no chuo shuken-ka." It is thus possible to understand how the political authorities used the unification of the calendar system to demonstrate their power and to govern the lives of the nation. Thereafter, "time" was used as a fundamental and important standard for judgment in the science of law, legalism, and the rule of law. In this process, "calendar (time) and law" became social capital as a public good in society.

This article draws together new research findings with recent evidence, theory and policy developments relating to place-based planning for health and well-being. It considers how neighbourhood planning (NP) can support the advancement of the ageing-well agenda and well-being goals in rural areas of England. We argue that NP can theoretically impact positively on age-friendly objectives (sensitive housing design, downsizing options, social and civic participation), but this is limited without greater incentives and political commitment to integrated policy making. Without due attention, the advancement of ageing well and rural well-being through NP, as currently constructed, will remain a largely missed opportunity.

Extending Benoit's functional theory of campaign communication and drawing on public relations research, this content analysis positions source credibility—trustworthiness, expertise, relatability, and evidence—as a useful differentiation and relational strategy during primary campaigns. Results from analyzing CNN's unprecedented 2019 climate change town hall forum indicate that the Democratic candidates favored relatability appeals and were more likely to reference their credibility when asked questions from the audience. Female politicians were more likely to reference their trustworthiness and include more than one credibility tactic in their responses. And, candidates ranked lower in the polls were more likely to reference their relatability. The implications for political public relations are discussed.

To handle its affairs, each country needs to form a government because man is inherently social and needs a social life. There must be a government in place to lead the society and prevent chaos; in the meantime, a government that, in addition to legislating and executing laws, engages its people in their destiny, is either a democratic government or a religiously founded democratic government. This article aims to investigate two types of governments and their characteristics as well as democratic failures and to describe the differences between democracy and religious democracy. It also uses Imam Ali's perspectives to reveal whether a religious democracy or a democracy prevails in an Islamic political system.

Debates over reconciliation, atonement, forgiveness, and forgetting involve political and personal elements, with substantial investments and commitments. I contrast two perspectives: one stresses unconditional forgiveness independent of atonement; the other reflects on the importance of moral responsibility for the formation of the person. Being held accountable, for Ricoeur, matters for the development of the self. For Derrida, forgiveness is a defining aspect of being human, becoming debased when seen as a legal form of justice. I use philosophical arguments and ethnographic writings from Papua New Guinea, Cyprus, and the Holocaust to examine reconciliation and irreconciliation as strategies for either reaffirming or reimagining a common world.

Between growing ambitions for international aid and limited resources to achieve them, donors and international organisations' repeated normative and performative demands have never been so strong. The dilemmas posed by the often diligent implementation of these requirements by the different international aid actors are nevertheless acute. Adapting to standards calls for the harmonisation, technicalisation and automation of professional processes and practices. At the same time, each actor seeks to display a especially or ability to innovate in a very competitive environment. Despite incessant criticism and the distortions to which it is subject, the international aid system model studied here through a political sociology lens appears to be far from running out of steam.

The article discusses the numbers and functioning of the wojsko kwarciane (Quartered Army) in the turbulent third interregnum and in the first year of the reign of Sigismund III. Thanks to the access to the previously unused fiscal and military materials, it was possible to determine the size of this army in individual quarters of the period of interest and the names of the captains. No less important aspect is the political context of the use of wojsko kwarciane in a situation of the election parliament being split and attempts made to weaken the position of the Grand Hetman of the Crown, Jan Zamoyski, and the subjecting of his prerogatives to a nationwide discussion.