Suchergebnisse

Abstrak - Berdasarkan paradigma bencana sebagai perang, gempa bumi dipandang sebagai musuh yang harus dilawan. Pemerintah adalah unsur utama dalam penanggulangan bencana yang berkewajiban melindungi segenap warga Indonesia termasuk penyandang disabilitas. Meski demikian, kebijakan dan strategi yang telah disusun cenderung kurang peka terhadap kebutuhan khusus tiap ragam disabilitas. Kondisi ini menyebabkan perencanaan penanggulangan bencana gempa bumi kurang menyertakan kelompok disabilitas. Penelitian kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesiapan Pemerintah Daerah dalam penanganan penyandang disabilitas menghadapi gempa bumi. Lokasi penelitian bertempat di Kabupaten Bantul dengan partisipan yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive dan snowball sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam, observasi, studi dokumen dan materi audio-visual yang kemudian dianalisis secara tematik menurut Cresswell. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan bencana Pemerintah Daerah dalam penanganan penyandang disabilitas adalah dengan mengintegrasikan prioritasi dan pembukaan kesempatan partisipasi bagi penyandang disabilitas ke dalam setiap kegiatan mulai dari asesmen, perencanaan, kerangka kerja institusional, sistem informasi, pangkalan sumber daya, sistem peringatan, pembentukan mekanisme respon, kemudian pendidikan, sosialisasi dan simulasi. Ke depannya, Pemerintah Daerah dapat membangun kesadaran disabilitas pada setiap lapisan masyarakat untuk menciptakan komunikasi yang positif antar pihak dalam bencana, dan mengkader penyandang disabilitas sebagai tenaga relawan yang mampu berkomunikasi sercara efektif dengan keberagaman disabilitas.Kata Kunci: Kesiapan Pemerintah Daerah, Penyandang Disabilitas, Pelibatan dalam Penanggulangan BencanaAbstract - Within the paradigm of disaster as a war, earthquake is an enemy that must be countered. Government is the main element in disaster management that has the responsibility to protect its citizen, including people with disability. However, the policies and strategies which are formulated tend to be insensitive toward the special needs of disability and resulted in disaster planning that lacks disability inclusion. This qualitative research aims to analyze the local government preparedness in managing people with disability to face the earthquake disaster. The research is taken place at Bantul Region. The participants are selected through purposive and snowball sampling. The data collecting techniques are indepth interview, qualitative observation, document study and audio-visual material which then analyzed thematically according to Cresswell. The results showed that local government disaster preparedness in managing people with disability is by integrating proritizing and opening participation for people with disability in every starts from assessment, planning, institusional framework, information system, resource base, warning system, response mechanism, education, socialization and simulation. In the future, local government should raise the awareness of disability in every level of community to create positive communication between stakeholders in disasters and empower people with disability as volunteers that able to communicate effectively with the diversity of disability.Keywords: Local Government Preparedness, People with Disability, Involvement in Disaster Management

The problem of the studied is "Why Surakarta and Yogyakarta during the revolution have different attitudes and fate, but in welcoming the elections of 1955, the political parties are equally vibrant. This study is a historical research with utilizing sources from archives, newspapers, informant, book and previous research. The results of studied showed that the anti-colonialism/imperialism movement, nationalism, anti-feudal and democracy that became the value of the Indonesian revolution had influence to the political situation in Surakarta and Yogyakarta. The anti-feudal/anti swapraja movement in Surakarta brings consequences to the palace had lost to political power and its territory became part of administrative territory of Central Java. Political control is then held by the figure of revolution and political parties which wasn't from the elite of the palace. The opposite of true in Yogyakarta, the rulers palace became the pioneer of the revolution, so there wasn't anti-swapraja movement. Yogyakarta remained as a special region called Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) and the ruler of the palace existed to head of DIY. The attitude of the rulers of the palace and the nobles of Yogyakarta who gave the flexibility of the establishment of the political parties toward the elections, show that they are as a consistent ruler to revolution value, especially erode the feudal culture and to developed democracy, even though society still has a very obedient culture (feudal trait) high against the rulers of the palace and other nobles. Permasalahan yang dikaji yaitu "mengapa Surakarta dan Yogyakarta yang pada masa revolusi memiliki sikap dan nasib yang berbeda, tetapi dalam menyambut pemilu 1955 partai-partai politik sama-sama semarak". Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sejarah dengan memanfaatkan sumber dari arsip, surat kabar, narasumber, buku dan penelitian terdahulu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gerakan anti kolonialisme/imperialisme, nasionalisme, antifeodal dan demokrasi yang menjadi nilai revolusi Indonesia berpengaruh terhadap situasi politik di Surakarta dan Yogyakarta. Gerakan antifeodal/antiswapraja di Surakarta mengakibatkan kraton kehilangan kekuasaan politik dan wilayahnya menjadi bagian dari wilayah admnistratif Jawa Tengah. Kendali politik selanjutnya dipegang oleh tokoh revolusi dan partai politik yang bukan berasal dari kelompok elite kraton. Hal sebaliknya di Yogyakarta, penguasa kraton menjadi pelopor revolusi, sehingga tidak terjadi gerakan anti swapraja. Yogyakarta tetap sebagai daerah istimewa dengan sebutan Daerah Istimewa Yogyokarta (DIY) dan penguasa kraton eksis menjadi kepada DIY. Sikap peng-uasa kraton dan bangsawan Yogyakarta yang memberi keleluasaan berdirinya partai politik menyambut pemilu menunjukkan pribadi yang konsisten terhadap tuntutan revolusi, terutama untuk mengikis budaya feodal dan mengembangkan demokrasi, walaupun masyarakat masih memiliki budaya patuh (ciri feodal) yang sangat tinggi terhadap penguasa kraton dan bangsawan lainnya.

In order to achieve the objectives of the National Education educating the nation and develop the whole person is needed role professional educators. In accordance with the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 Year 2003 on National Education System, the position of teachers as educators are professional positions. Development of teacher competency standards aimed at improving the quality of teachers and teacher development patterns in a structured and systematic. However, the reality on the ground needs to be studied more in depth whether the teachers have been able to improve the competence of their professional development and how development patterns regarding the agencies or other competent parties. The population is all Geography teacher who has been certified and teach in high schools in Pati residency Ex se, but the data information obtained by means of random sampling. Variables include teacher professional development competence variable Geography and development patterns related to geography teacher professional development competencies. Data collection using documents, questionnaires and interviews. While data analysis using descriptive analysis percentage.The results showed that: 1) the research subjects have had a long teaching experience, have all been certified thus formally as a professional teacher. Professional development activities that stand turned out to be activities of the new book, student work activities (LKS). In MGMPs rides, teachers often team up matter for LKS material. Competence is quite encouraging professional development is the productivity of the preparation of papers, preparation of props Although there has been an increase in productivity of academic scholarly side in supporting the development of the profession, but in general (71.00%) level of competence of their professional development is still far from ideal, 2) pattern coaching competence Geography teacher professional development in SMA se Ex Pati residency, in the form of in-house training, discussions, workshops have been conducted by the teachers of Geography. However, other activities such as internships, partnerships with other schools and distance learning has not been optimally implemented either by the government (Kemendikbud, District Education Office, LPMP) and profider / other competent parties. So generally coaching competency Geography teacher professional development in the study area is not patterned in a clear and steady.Suggestions put forward related to this include: a). need to change the paradigm that every teacher to achieve keprofesinalannya level should be supported by scientific work, not just teaching and a pass UKG and graduated as a teacher learners, b). teachers need to be encouraged ability / competence development profession with appreciation and / reward (it may include funding), in order to awaken the passion attitudes and behavior as a professional teacher, c). the schools and other government agencies as well as to always earnestly reprogrammed professional development activities of teachers in a structured time and funding.

Decentralization has dramatically altered governance in developing countries. However, the empirical evidence regarding its effects on the provision of public goods has been limited and ambiguous. In the first chapter I argue that this ambiguity stems from insufficiently disentangling partial from full decentralization. I differentiate between these two types by comparing administrative decentralization, political decentralization, and their complementarities in Indonesia. The paper employs a unique Indonesian panel of village level outcomes and a difference-in-differences estimation strategy with village level fixed effects. I show that use of a naïve specification that only considers political or administrative decentralization as separate treatments while neglecting their complementarities leads to an omitted variable bias problem. Results from a more complete specification suggest that districts that were treated with both types of decentralization, i.e. full decentralization, display significantly greater provision of public goods compared to those that experienced partial decentralization in the form of only political or administrative decentralization. The second chapter of this thesis contributes to a related literature. It focuses on the causal effect of occupational transitions on consumption changes and poverty. Recent research has pointed out that sectoral transitions from the agricultural to the non-agricultural sector could be a successful pathway out of poverty due to higher productivity in the non-agricultural sector. But these studies face several limitations, such as the use of cross sectional or short panel data. We address some of these gaps and introduce two novel ways of defining sectoral transitions. Each of these definitions is used to exploit a fixed effects and an instrumental variable strategy with long run panel data on Indonesian households. Under both strategies we find that consumption growth is conditional on initial economic status and the nature of the transition---the growth was relatively higher only for those households who were either poor and agricultural in the baseline, or non-poor and non-agricultural. In terms of poverty, we find longer non-agricultural employment resulted in a positive probability of exiting poverty and a negative probability of becoming poor. Based on these findings we propose that pro-poor policies must be tailored to the agricultural or non-agricultural status of a household. The third chapter is a natural extension of the first one. In this chapter I test whether individual outcomes associated with publicly provided goods, such as schools and health-centers, depend on decentralization complementarities. Based on three different datasets I conclude that individual welfare outcomes were significantly better for those belonging to fully decentralized districts compared to those in partially decentralized districts.

Background: Tuberculosis is a communicable disease that remains a major public health issue worldwide. Tuberculosis epidemics have become a primary public health concern for the last few decades. The problem becomes aggrevated due to the emergence of Multiple Drugs Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). It is estimated there are 6,100 MDR-TB cases annually in Indonesia. Grobogan is one of the 6 districts in ex-residentialPatiin Central Java with the second highest MDR-TB cases after Kudus. Between 2011 and 2016 the annual incidence was 23 cases with case fatality rate of 52.17%. This study aimed to investigate the different roles of MDR-TB patients, families, TB progammers, and health providers, in the incidence of MDR-TB in Grobogan, Central Java.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic qualitative study with case study approach. The study was conducted in Grobogan, Central Java, from May to June 2017. A total of 26 informants were selected purposively for this study, consisting of 7 MDR-TB patients, 7 family members who served as drug-taking supervisor, 7 TB programmers at Community Health Centers, 1 TB programmer at District Hospital, 3 Community Health Center doctors, and 1 District Hospital doctor. The data were collected by in-depth interview, direct observation, and document review. Interactive analysis was used to analyze data, including data collection, reduction, presentation, and verification.Results: All MDR-TB patientshad favorable perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and self-efficacy, that drove them to adhere to TB treatment. Most patients reported that the treatment was beneficial. The existing barrier was not of serious concern that made them to stop treatment.Fa­milies of the patients had positive attitude towards TB treatment so they provided the necessary support in acessing treatment and adherence to treatment. However, TB program management at District Hospital, was sub-optimal as it did not administer appropriately the standard DOTS-TB treatment guideline, despite the existence of TB standard operating procedure. Likewise, TB treatment management by hospital doctors and private practice doctors was inadequate, due to the lack of DOTS-TB training. The lack of adherence in implementing thestandard DOTS-TB treatment guideline was the dominant causal factor for the incidence of MDR-TB in Grobogan district, Central Java.Conclusion: Adequate DOTS-TB treatment management and quality health services at both primary and secondary level facilities are needed in the efforts to prevent MDR TB. It is suggested that the government through the District Health Office hold DOTS-TB promotion program and invest in developing skilled DOTS-TB providers.Keywords:multidrug resistance, tuberculosis, TB management program, adherence.Correspondence: Gunawan Cahyo Utomo. Masters Program in Public Health, Sebelas Maret University, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: abuzahra_06@yahoo.com. Mobile: +6281390046456.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2017), 2(3): 186-200https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2017.02.03.01

AR seorang intelektual muslim yang menganggap negara ini sudah cukup stabil,sehingga bagaimana menjadi lebih demokratis, meskipun Amien secara umum juga tidak setuju dengan perubahan politik yang bersifat radikal. Moderat. Sehingga dengan mudah dan bisa sadar bisa menerima gagasan demokrasi modern secara terbuka dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip dasar ajaran Islam.Dalam peta pemikiran politik Islam kontemporer, ada tiga pola pemikiran: sekuler, traisional, dan reformis. Pola Sekuler, Islam hanya mengatur hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan. Sebaliknya, pola tradisional, Islam adalah agama yang paripurna. Adapun pola reformis, Islam bukanlah agama yang ajarannya semata-mata mengatur hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan dan bukan juga agama yang paripurna. Menurut reformis, Islam cukup memberikan prinsip-prinsip dasar yang dapat dipedomani manusia dalam mengatur prilaku.Dalam hal ini, paradigma yang digunakannya untuk menemukan hubungan Islam dan demokrasi adalah mendasarkan pemikiran pada konsep tauhid, dimana konsep ini bukan saja mengandung spirit persamaan dan pembebasan, tetapi juga mengharuskan adanya sistem politik yang demokratis. Karena sistem, tirani atau totalitarian bertentangan secara fundamental dengan semangat tauhid.Pemikiran politik Amien dapat dikategoikan sebagai pemikiran reformis. Ia berpendapat bahwa di dalam Al-Qur"an dan sunna tidak ditemukan aturan yang langsung dan rinci mengenai masalah-masalah kenegaraan. Yang ada hanyalah seperangkat tata nilai etika yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pedoman. Kelihatannya, Amien Masih menganut pendapat bahwa agama dan negara tidak dapat dipisahkan. Nilai-nilai etika yang dimaksud Amien adalah perlunya prinsip tauhid diterapkan dalam pengelolaan hidup bermasyarakat adalah untuk mewujudkan masyarakat bermoral dan memiliki integritas rohani yang sempurna.Prinsip ini menegaskan bahwa dalam Islam tidak didasarkan pada ikatan-ikatan primordial, seperti keturunan, kesukuan, dan kehormatan golangan.1.Berdasarkan prinsip tersebut diharapkan perilaku manusia dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat didasari oleh semangat persaudaraan, cinta kasih, dan rasa keadilan.Amien menegaskan bahwa prinsip inilah hendaknya yang menjadi pegangan umat Islam dalam mengatur dan membina masyarakat.Amin tidak setuju didirikan negara Islam Di Indonesia. Dalam konteks inilah Amien sangat pro demokrasi, jika mekanisme demokrasi berjalan sehat, maka upaya untuk menyelewengkan Syariah akan berhadapan dengan kekuatan demokrasi yang sangat besar itu. Maka mayoritas jabatan strategis dalam institusi negara akan dipegang oleh tokoh Islam yang mempresentasikan mayoritas warga negara. Pikiran dan gagasan Amien dalam soal kenegaraan hanyalah merupakan hasil evuluasi terhadap sistem sosial dan politik, dari masa awal Islam, masa kemerdekaan, sampai masa reformasi. Karena itu, teori-teori yang diajukan lebih merupakan hasil refleksi politik pada suatu masa daripada merupakan teori yang dianurt dan dipraktekan pada masa sesudahnya. Akan tetapi, bagaimanapin juga Amien dengan segala kekuatan dan kelemahannya telah ikut memberikan pemikiran mengenai konsep negara Islam, dan dengan pemikirannya itu telah memperkaya nuansa pemikiran politik islam. Kata Kunci: Negara Islam, Fiqh Syiasah, Pemikiran Sekules, Tradisional dan Reformis

Abstrak Batik adalah kerajinan tradisional Indonesia yang sudah turun-temurun yang kaya akan ragam dan nilai budaya, Batik ditetapkan sebagai warisan budaya dunia oleh UNESCO, Maka dari itu Bupati Pamekasan untuk melestarikan batik dan mengembangkan UKM batik tulis Pamekasan dikeluarkanlah kebijakan Bupati Kabupaten Pamekasan Nomor 530/320/441.303/2007 Perihal Pemakaian Seragam Batik Tulis Produksi Pengrajin Pamekasan. sampai akhirnya Kabupaten Pamekasan didelarasikan oleh Gubernur Jawa timur sebagai kabupaten batik di Jawatimur, Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan dan menjelaskan implementasi serta kendala apa saja yang terdapat pada Implementasi Kebijakan Bupati Kabupaten Pamekasan Nomor 530/320/441.303/2007 tentang Pemakaian Seragam Batik Tulis Produksi Pengrajin Pamekasan di Lingkungan Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Pamekasan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan yaitu deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian terdiri dari Kepala Dinas Pendidikan Kabupaten Pamekasan, Kepala Sekolah Negeri, Pengrajin Batik Tulis Pamekasan. Teknik Pengumpulan data terdiri dari observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Implementasi Kebijakan Bupati Kabupaten Pamekasan ini dari beberapa variabel berikut : 1) Sumber Daya, dalam kebijakan ini yang digunakan adalah sumber daya manusia dan sumber daya waktu yang sudah sangat memadai, tetapi untuk sumber daya dana telah tersedia ketika sekolah mengkordinir seragam batik dari sekolah. 2) Standar dan Sasaran Kebijakan, dari hasil penelitian standart dan sasaran kebijakan untuk mengembangkan UKM batik tulis Pamekasan mulai mengalami hambatan karena banyak sekolah yang tidak mewajibkan siswa-siswinya memakai batik tulis Pamekasan. 3) Karakteristik Agen Pelaksana, untuk dinas pendidikan sendiri masih kurang tegas dan disiplin melaksanakan kebijakan hal ini yang dapat dilihat dari tidak ada pemantauan perihal kebijakan ini. 4) Komunikasi antar Organisasi dan Aktivitas Pelaksana, komunikasi yang sedang berjalan juga mengalami kendala dimana beberapa kepala sekolah tidak berkoordinasi dengan dinas pendidkan terkait kendala yang sedang dihadapi. 5) Sikap/Kecenderungan Para Pelaksana (Disposisi), dukungan dari pelaksana dalam menjalankan kebijakan yang kurang baik dimana tidak ada sosialisasi berkelanjutan perihal kebijakan. 6) Lingkungan Sosial, Ekonomi dan Politik, ketiga elemen ini memiliki dampak yang besar terhadap kebijakan. Faktor sosial, seperti rendahnya pendidikan masayarakat. Faktor ekonomi, seperti rendahnya perekonomian wali murid, khususnya yang tinggal di desa. Faktor Politik, seperti pergantian bupati selama 2 periode. Faktor-faktor tersebut yang menghambat kebijakan dan mengakibatkan kebijakan yang telah dicanangkan kurang diperhatikan. Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Bupati Kabupaten Pamekasan Nomor 530/320/441.303/2007 berjalan kurang baik, maka saran peneliti adalah melakukan sosialisasi dan pemantauan kembali ke sekolah dan membangun komunikasi dengan pengrajin batik tulis untuk memproduksi batik dengan harga terjangkau. Kata Kunci: Implementasi, Batik Tulis Lokal Pamekasan

The phenomenon of poverty and injustice that continues until now, making a lot of Muslim figures to think again about Islamic thought. The Indonesian Islamic figure, one of the serious discussions of this issue is M. Dawam Rahardjo—for instance, we called Dawam. Based on the problem, this study focuses on the concept of thinking and implementation of Progressive Islam Dawam by reviewing, analyze, and discussing his work with a historical sociological approach. This research is descriptive-analytical with the qualitative method which is reinforced through in-depth interview. The results show that Dawam's thought is part of Progressive Islam. He accepted the reality of the modern world, such as pluralism, liberalism, and secularism, then embraced all three in the strengthening of religiosity in society. Dawam is one of the Islamic leaders who have contributed to social change. Implementation can be seen from various works that concern Islamic renewal and community empowerment. His attitude and behavior can be seen in the institutions he leads—LSAF (Lembaga Studi Agama dan Filsafat) and LP3ES (Lembaga Penelitian, Pendidikan dan Penerangan Ekonomi dan Sosial). His criticism of the unjust political-economic order, accompanied by various solutions offered. Dawam's idea in stemming the economic system that harms small people is the concept of cooperative development. Dawam chose the path of civil society and avoided political pragmatism. According to him, the Islamic struggle in the political path only tends to exploit religion for sectarian interests.Fenomena kemiskinan dan ketidakadilan yang masih berlanjut hingga saat ini, membuat banyak tokoh muslim berpikir ulang mengenai pemikiran keislaman. Tokoh Islam Indonesia, salah satu yang serius membincang persoalan ini adalah M. Dawam Rahardjo—selanjutnya Dawam. Berdasarkan soal tersebut, kajian ini fokus pada konsep pemikiran dan implementasi Islam Progresif Dawam dengan menelaah, mengkaji, dan membahas karyanya dengan pendekatan historissosiologis. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif-analitis dengan metode kualitatif yang diperkuat melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran Dawam bagian dari Islam Progresif. Ia menerima kenyataan dunia modern, seperti pluralisme, liberalisme, dan sekularisme, kemudian merengkuh ketiganya dalam penguatan keberagamaan di masyarakat. Dawam adalah salah satu tokoh Islam yang memiliki andil dalam perubahan sosial. Implementasinya bisa dilihat dari berbagai karya yang concern pada pembaharuan Islam dan pemberdayaan masyarakat. Sikap dan perilakunya, dapat dilihat dalam lembaga yang ia pimpin—LSAF (Lembaga Studi Agama dan Filsafat) dan LP3ES (Lembaga Penelitian, Pendidikan dan Penerangan Ekonomi dan Sosial). Kritiknya atas tatanan ekonomi politik yang tidak adil, diiringi dengan berbagai solusi yang ditawarkan. Gagasan Dawam dalam membendung sistem ekonomi yang merugikan rakyat kecil adalah konsep pembangunan koperasi. Dawam milih jalur civil society, dan menghindari pragmatisme politik. Menurutnya, perjuangan keislaman di jalur politik hanya cenderung mengeksploitasi agama untuk kepentingan sektarian.

The Alexander Romance and the Apocalypse of Pseudo-Methodius deserve a place in any discussion of the impact of the translator's work on the construction of memory in multicultural societies. Both works are remarkable as the products and the objects of translation throughout the middle ages. Successive recensions of the Alexander Romance were translated, either from the original Greek or from Latin translations, into numerous vernacular languages until there were popular versions of the Romance in circulation from Iceland to Indonesia. The Apocalypse was first written in Syriac at the isolated monastery of Singara, but under the impulse of the initial Arab conquests it was translated into Greek and then Latin for a readership that stretched from one end of the Mediterranean to the other; translations into various vernaculars were made throughout the middle ages in places as far apart as England and Russia. The remarkable extent to which translation made both the Romance and the Apocalypse available to ever wider audiences has long been recognized. What has not necessarily been appreciated to the same extent is the cultural impact of these translations, especially in regard to the contact and conflict of cultures. I would like to redress this neglect by drawing attention to the implications of a single episode, one borrowed from the Apocalypse into a later recension of the Romance and perhaps the most famous incident in either work: Alexander walling up the Unclean Nations, the agents of the End Times, beyond the Mountains of the North. Up to the appearance of this incident Alexander had been seen, as he perhaps still is, as a conqueror who extended not only his own realm, but the cultural sphere of the Greeks as well, drawing barbarian peoples into the civilized world of the oikoumene. Under the impact of the Arab conquests, I will argue, Alexander was given the very different, but just as formidable, task of excluding foreign and exotic peoples from a world which was ideally homogeneous, represented by his confining of the Unclean Nations. This act symbolizes the reaction which characterized the next several centuries of Byzantine strategy, of retrenchment, defense of the frontiers, and assimilation of all deviant groups (pagans, heretics, and Jews) within the borders. The memory of Alexander inspired by repeated translations of the Romance and Apocalypse spawned this xenophobic response not only in Byzantium, but throughout Europe, until the Turks were at the gates of Vienna in 1683. Perhaps its legacy can still be discerned today in the inclination toward eschatological hysteria provoked by the perceived aggression of the Muslim world.

This paper entitled "Authority Dispute Between The Office of Presidential Staff with the Vice President and also Minister of State Coordinator". This paper uses normative analytical method with the statute approach and case approach. The Office of Presidential Staff is a new institution that born through Presidential Decree No. 26 of 2015. The chief of Presidential Staff was given authority by This Presidentian Decree to take control of the program priorities. It means that The Office of Presidential Staff have authority to make any programs and also do controlling and evaluating the ministers as routinely. Certainly this could potentially lead to dispute the authority with the Vice President and also Minister of State Coordinator. Presidential Staff's authority can not be bigger than Vice President, Minister of State Coordinator and also the ministers of state, because the authority expansion of the chief of Presidential Staff would reduce the authority of the Vice President and also Minister of State Coordinator. Establishment of the Office of Presidential Staff is the prerogative of the president in accordance with The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia but the authority which is granted to The Office of Presidential Staff is not in accordance with the constitution and legislation, especially in the law concerning the state ministries and the law concerning the Formation of Law and Regulations. President should reassess the institutional functions of Presidential aide. The burden and responsibility of government should be enclosed by the Cabinet and ministry-level agencies.Makalah ini berjudul "Sengketa Kewenangan Antara Kantor Staf Presiden Dengan Wakil Presiden dan Kementerian Koordinator Negara ". Makalah ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif dan pendekatan undang-undang serta pendekatan kasus. Kantor Staf Presiden adalah lembaga baru yang lahir melalui Perpres Nomor 26 Tahun 2015. Perpres tersebut memberikan kewenangan kepada kepala Staf Kepresidenan untuk ikut mengendalikan program prioritas. Kewenangan tersebut juga berarti bahwa lembaga ini berwenang untuk membuat program sekaligus mengendalikan dan mengevaluasi rutin menteri-menteri. Hal ini tentunya berpotensi menimbulkan sengketa kewenangan dengan wakil presiden dan kewenangan yang dimiliki menteri koordinator. Kewenangan Staf Presiden tidak boleh lebih tinggi dari Wakil Presiden, menteri koordinator, dan menteri-menteri lainnya karena dengan diperluasnya kewenangan Kepala Staf Presiden akan mereduksi kewenangan Wakil Presiden dan para menteri koordinator. Pembentukan Kantor Staf Presiden merupakan hak prerogratif presiden yang sesuai dengan UUD NRI Tahun 1945 namun Kewenangan yang diberikan kepada Kantor Staf Presiden tidak sesuai dengan konstitusi dan peraturan perundang-undangan, terutama dalam UU Kementerian Negara dan UU Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Presiden semestinya mengkaji kembali fungsi kelembagaan pembantu presiden. Seharusnya beban dan tanggung jawab pemerintahan seharusnya sudah terwadahi dengan adanya pemerintah di Kabinet dan badan-badan setingkat kementerian.

Saat ini pemerintah berupaya mewujudkan Sistem Jaminan Sosial Nasional (SJSN) bahwa setiap rakyat Indonesia berhak atas jaminan sosial untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar hidup yang layak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran manajemen obat farmasi rawat jalan RS X dan menganalisis hubungan manajemen obat dengan kualitas pelayanan farmasi rawat jalan RS X. Manajemen obat ini termasuk perencanaan, pengorganisasian, pengarahan, dan pengawasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, yaitu analitik observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional study dengan sampel penelitian pelanggan farmasi rawat jalan di RS X. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dari 100 orang pelanggan rawat jalan dengan menggunakan metode consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian mengunakan Pearson Correlation menunjukkan hubungan manajemen obat dengan kualitas pelayanan farmasi rawat jalan yang bermakna dengan nilai untuk aspek perencanaan (r=0,626; p<0,001), pengorganisasian (r=0,409; p<0,001), pengarahan (r=0,359; p<0,001), dan pengawasan (r=0,426; p<0,001) dengan R2 multiple 66,80%. Gambaran manajemen obat di farmasi rawat jalan RS X menghasilkan nilai rata-rata 96,90% sehingga berada dalam kategori sangat baik dan membuktikan hubungan kuat antara empat fungsi manajemen obat terhadap kualitas pelayanan farmasi rawat jalan RS X.Kata kunci: Evaluasi manajemen obat, kualitas pelayanan, Pearson Correlation Evaluation Management of Drugs and Relations with Quality of Outpatient Pharmacy Services in One of Hospital Pontianak City Nowadays government policy which embodies the National Social Security System (SJSN) where the presence of this system that every Indonesian people entitled to social security to be able to meet the basic needs of living. This study aims to describe the pharmaceutical drug outpatient management Hospital X Pontianak City and analyze the relationship management with the quality of pharmaceutical care medicine outpatient Hospital X Pontianak. This medication management including planning, organizing, directing, and monitoring. This study uses a quantitative approach which is an observational analytic research using cross sectional study with a sample of outpatient pharmacy customer research in Hospital X Pontianak. Collecting data using questionnaires from 100 customers outpatient with consecutive sampling method. The results using Pearson Correlation analysis showed the drug management relationship with the quality of outpatient pharmacy services which means the value of aspects planning (r=0.626; p<0,001), organizing (r=0.409; p<0,001), directing (r=0.359; p<0,001), and controlling (r=0.426; p<0,001) with R2 multiple 66.80%. The description of pharmaceutical drug management in outpatient Hospital X produce an average value 96.90% so as to be in very good category, there by proving the existence of a strong relationship between the four functions of management of the quality of pharmaceutical care medicine outpatient Hospital X.Key words: Evaluation medication management, Pearson Correlation, service quality

Abstract: Political campaign presidential election in Indonesia has grown, along with the in creasing advances in technology and changes in the lectoral system (election). Then, the candidates vying to attract public sympathy, one way to make a Political Advertising that aired on television station. Presidential Elections (Election) in 2014 led to competition both pairs of candidates for president and vice president of the Prabowo-Hatta and Joko Widodo (Jokowi) - Jusuf Kalla (JK), heats up. The heat of competition seen also with the rise of political advertising both pairs of candidates. Political advertising is one way to get support from the community, for example in audio visual media television. The problem is how selective influence of political advertisements aired on television is able to construct a visual image of the presidential candidate in 2014. The aim was to determine the influence of selective political ad that aired in the media in the capture space "discourse" candidate image visualization massively so sehimgga able to raise the collective memory selector that will provide sound support when the momentum of the electorate was held. For the achievement of the objectives of this research are used type of research is a mixed-method research. This type of research that combines qualitative and quantitative research methods (triangulation) to provide a comprehensive analysis of the research problem. The goal is to get the data and comprehensive analysis of the research problem. The results of this study indicate that political advertisements on TV were able to build a visual image of the presidential candidates in 2014 by 87% and aims to improve the prospects of promoting the election of a candidate or candidates for president of programs and policies. Political ads this election is able to build the reputation of candidates or political parties to provide information to the public about the qualifications, experience, background, and personality presisen a candidate or political party. Then selective influence political advertising is changing, maintain adding cognitive, affective, and political behavior of audiences. The communication process takes place with all the elements involved. However, other results showed that the selective influence of political advertising in building the image visualization candidate vice effective only on the TV if it is based on specific situations, such as elections (presidential) only focused on situations in which engagement and voter interest and familiarity candidate or party chairman is quite high. The strength of political advertising in the media 2014 lies not in the idea, program, or solidity policy information directly related to the basic needs of the people. That power is the personal figure presidential candidate.Keywords: Selective Influence, Political Advertising, Television

Kesenian jaranan pogogan merupakan kesenian jaranan asli dari Kabupaten Nganjuk, (kesenian jaranan yang unik serta berbeda dengan kesenian jaranan yang berasal dari daerah lain)m. Keunikan jaranan terletak pada pementasan yang tidak ada adegan kesurupan serta tidak menggunakan kemenyan yang identik dengan hal-hal yang berbau mistis seperti kesenian jaranan pada umumnya. Jaranan pogogan dikenal masyarakat sebagai jaranan wayang orang karena dalam pementasannya ada lakon (jalan cerita) serta setiap pemain dirias seperti tokoh-tokoh wayang orang. Hal yang paling menonjol pada kesenian ini adalah adanya tokoh pogog (ndagel). Pogog dalam bahasa Jawa berarti terpotong (tugel), karena dalam pementasan selalu berbuat usil serta riasan yang tidak pada umumnya sehingga mengundang gelak tawa dari penonton. Rumusan masalah pada penelitian ini yaitu, 1) Bagaimana awal mula munculnya kesenian jaranan pogogan di Kabupaten Nganjuk, 2) Bagaimana perkembangan Kesenian Jaranan Pogogan di Desa Sugihwaras Kecamatan Prambon Kabupaten Nganjuk tahun 1956-1980. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah. Langkah awal yaitu mengumpulkan sumber-sumber terkait tentang Kesenian Jaranan Pogogan di Desa Sugihwaras Kecamatan Prambon Kabupaten Nganjuk tahun 1956-1980, sumber primer didapat dari dokumentasi dan narasumber berupa hasil wawancara. Sedangkan sumber sekunder didapat dari buku-buku, skripsi tentang Pertunjukan Kesenian Jaranan Pogogan di Dusun Jimbir Desa Sugihwaras Kecamatan Prambon Kabupaten Nganjuk yang ditulis oleh Eko Kadiono. Kritik sumber dilakukan untuk memilah sumber baik primer maupun sekunder yang terkait dengan Kesenian Jaranan pogogan di Desa Sugihwaras Kecamatan Prambon Kabupaten Nganjuk tahun 1956-1980. Proses interpretasi sumber digunakan untuk membandingkan sumber satu dengan sumber lain sehingga diperoleh fakta sejarah mengenai Kesenian Jaranan Pogogan di Desa Sugihwaras Kecamatan Prambon Kabupaten Nganjuk tahun 1956-1980. Tahap terakhir adalah historiografi yang menjadi hasil tulisan sebagai rekonstruksi semua fakta sejarah sesuai dengan tema penulisan sejarah. Hasil penelitian dapat dianalisis bahwa yaitu, 1) asal mula kesenian Jaranan pogogan adalah berasal dari cerita rakyat tentang pasukan berkuda dari Prabu Klono Sewandono yang berasal dari Kerajaan Bantarangin ketika sedang beristirahat disebuah tempat saat menuju Kediri untuk melamar Dewi Songgolangit ketika sedang beristirahat tersebut meraka asyik berbincang dan bersenda gurau, dari cerita rakyat itulah kemudian menjadi asal usul terciptanya kesenian jaranan pogogan. 2) Perkembangan kesenian jaranan pogogan di Dusun Jimbir Desa Sugihwaras Kecamatan Prambon pada tahun 1956 berdiri kesenian jaranan pogogan Teguh Rahayu yang dipimpin oleh Bapak Maridjo. Tahun 1965 hingga tahun 1975 merupakan masa keemasan kesenian jaranan pogogan Teguh Rahayu, walaupun terjadi gejolak politik di Indonesia pada tahun 1965 namun tidak menyurutkan eksistensi kesenian jaranan pogogan. Tahun 1978 hingga 1980 merupakan kemunduran kesenian jaranan pogogan, banyak kesenian lain yang lebih digemari oleh masyarakat serta munculnya kesenian jaranan yang beradegan kesurupan yang membuat jaranan pogogan semakin meredup. Kata Kunci: Pogogan, Perkembangan, Desa Sugihwaras

Existence of industrialization for Indonesia, as one of the developing countries is the strategy of choice in the model development focused one conomic growth. Industrialization selection model policyh as an impact on the dynamics of industrialization of agriculture in the countryside. One side, it is the growth of the national economy rising sharply, yet on the other hand makes a very striking imbalance, especially in the agricultural sector. Conditions of agricultural industrialization, in this case, the agricultural sector has experienced marginality as a result of state policies that are not in favor of the farmers. As a result, rural industrialization there is no synergy in efforts to empower farmers in the rural economy. These conditions experienced by farmers in the Sitimulyo village Piyungan districts Bantul Yogyakarta. Sitimulyo is one of village at Piyungan sub-distric a part of Bantul regency of Yogyakarta City, which is the area of industrial development. The existence of this policy has any impact either directly or indirectly to the economic empowerment of farmers in the Piyungan District Sitimulyo village. Agricultural landin the village of Sitimulyo coincides with the presence of companies such as PT Perwita Karya, CV. Aneka Darma, PT. Pengolahan Plastik, PT. Adi Satria Abadi, PT. Don Young, Koperasi Umbul Jaya (Relocation of IKM Aluminum) and Kids Fun.The purpose of the study is to know the impact of industrialization on the economic empowerment of rural farmers in the village and to know Sitimulyo empowerment efforts undertaken by the village government and farmer groups that are economically powerless in the midst of the crush ofindustrialization. The theory used in this study is industrialization theory and empowerment. The research method used is a qualitative research method. Methods of data collection are done through observation and in-depth interviews. Data analysis was conducted by reviewing all data from various sources. Having read, studied and analyzed the next step is to conduct data reduction and interpretation of data. The research results are as follows: rural industrialization affects the economic empowerment of farmers in the village Sitimulyo, either directly or indirectly, either positive or negative impact. Positive impact is the local labor absorption. The negative impact is water short ages for most farmers irrigate their field sand the presence of was teand pollution.This condition affects the quantity and quality aspects of plant productivity that affect farmers' income. Farmers' income simply to meet subsistence needs. Empowerment efforts is undertaken by the village government and Sidomakmur farmer group in the Sitimulyo village through capacity building (through the field school for farmers in the Sitimulyo village), facilitation of networks (network) and assistance (seeds, agricultural tools).

Adoption is not a new problem in Indonesia. Since years ago in the past there has been adoption with various kinds of ways, motivations and goals according to each person's interests as well as the legal systems and the sense of justice of the people that is applied and thrived in each region. From various different ways, goals and motivations that lie behind the community to adopt children, therefore the existence of clear rules of adoption that are acceptable to protect all segments of society that is so multicultural is desirable to exist. Law No. 23 Year of 2007 on Child Protection Article 39 clause (1) states that in essence an adoption can only be done for the best interests of the child adopted. Based on the above clause, it can be formulated into 2 (two) things, namely: (1) how is the court's decision / order against the request made for purposes other than protection of the welfare of the adopted children? and (2) how is the legal consequences of the adoption?. This study is a normative law. Based on the research's objectives there is the result that the judge or court as law enforcement in providing the determination / decision of the adoption petition must be guided by the laws and regulations. In addition, the judge as the upholder of justice can serve as the dynamist of legislation and legal discovery by using interpretation method, construction and other socio-cultural considerations to meet the needs of the community and fill the legal's vacuum. Given the manner of appointment of custom consequences, the position of adopted children are different in each area. In Java, there is no cut of relationship between the children adopted with their biological parents; the inheritance has two sources. In Bali, the adopted children have similar position with biological children and there is the cut of blood relationship between the adopted children with their biological parents. According to Islamic law: no blood disconnection between adopted children and their biological parents and families; in Islamic law adopted child is not domiciled as the heir of the adoptive parents, but still be the heir of his biological parents, adoptive parents as well do not serve as the heir of the adoptive child, yet the adopted child has the right to get borrowed will. As a result of adoption laws by Stbl. 1917 the position of adopted child is the same as a legitimate child resulted from the marriage of his adoptive parents, thus there are equal inheritance rights between biological children and adopted children.