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Procedurally reducing complexity. The practices of German EU policy coordination
In: Federal governance: FG ; an graduate journal of theory and politics, Volume 13, Issue 1
ISSN: 1923-6158
Policy coordination in federal states is inherently complex because it includes a multitude of actors at the federal and the sub-state level. If the sub-states want their interests to be included in the final decision, they need to coordinate with the federal level but also amongst themselves. Several individual interests areoverlooked easier than coordinated interests of a group of sub-states. This paper puts forward the argument that during the coordination process, the actors from both levels meet in different constellations where they focus on different aspects of coordination, especially on different actors' interests separately. This is a strategy which enables them to procedurally reduce the complexity of the decision-making process. In order to empirically investigate this argument, first a thorough definition of coordination as process is provided and operationalized for empirical investigation. It is accentuated that coordination as a process has different dimensions which are relevant for the understanding of the coordination process. This argument is analyzedwith the example case of German EU policy. The empirical data used are original expert interviews with German civil servants responsible for EU policy coordination at the sub-state level. It will be demonstrated that the actors strategically form voluntary coordination constellations which enables them to reduce complexity during the process.
Coordination Failures and Government Policy: Evidence From Emerging Countries
In: The journal of development studies, Volume 39, Issue 4, p. 84-111
ISSN: 1743-9140
Active Policy Based Reliable Data Services Coordination ; Coordination fiable de services de données à base de politiques active
We propose an approach for adding non-functional properties (exception handling, atomicity, security, persistence) to services' coordinations. The approach is based on an Active Policy Model (AP Model) for representing services' coordinations with non-functional properties as a collection of types. In our model, a services' coordination is represented as a workflow composed of an ordered set of activities, each activity in charge of implementing a call to a service' operation. We use the type Activity for representing a workflow and its components (i.e., the workflow' activities and the order among them). A non-functional property is represented as one or several Active Policy types, each policy composed of a set of event-condition-action rules in charge of implementing an aspect of the property. Instances of active policy and activity types are considered in the model as entities that can be executed. We use the Execution Unit type for representing them as entities that go through a series of states at runtime. When an active policy is associated to one or several execution units, its rules verify whether each unit respects the implemented non-functional property by evaluating their conditions over their execution unit state, and when the property is not verified, the rules execute their actions for enforcing the property at runtime. We also proposed a proof of concept Active Policy Execution Engine for executing an active policy oriented workflow modelled using our AP Model. The engine implements an execution model that determines how AP, Rule and Activity instances interact among each other for adding non-functional properties (NFPs) to a workflow at execution time. We validated the AP Model and the Active Policy Execution Engine by defining active policy types for addressing exception handling, atomicity, state management, persistency and authentication properties. These active policy types were used for implementing reliable service oriented applications, and mashups for integrating data from services. ; Nous proposons une approche pour ajouter des propriétés non-fonctionnelles (traitement d'exceptions, atomicité, sécurité, persistance) à des coordinations de services. L'approche est basée sur un Modèle de Politiques Actives (AP Model) pour représenter les coordinations de services avec des propriétés non-fonctionnelles comme une collection de types. Dans notre modèle, une coordination de services est représentée comme un workflow compose d'un ensemble ordonné d'activité. Chaque activité est en charge d'implante un appel à l'opération d'un service. Nous utilisons le type Activité pour représenter le workflow et ses composants (c-à-d, les activités du workflow et l'ordre entre eux). Une propriété non-fonctionnelle est représentée comme un ou plusieurs types de politiques actives, chaque politique est compose d'un ensemble de règles événement-condition-action qui implantent un aspect d'un propriété. Les instances des entités du modèle, politique active et activité peuvent être exécutées. Nous utilisons le type unité d'exécution pour les représenter comme des entités dont l'exécution passe par des différents états d'exécution en exécution. Lorsqu'une politique active est associée à une ou plusieurs unités d'exécution, les règles vérifient si l'unité d'exécution respecte la propriété non-fonctionnelle implantée en évaluant leurs conditions sur leurs états d'exécution. Lorsqu'une propriété n'est pas vérifiée, les règles exécutant leurs actions pour renforcer les propriétés en cours d'exécution. Nous avons aussi proposé un Moteur d'exécution de politiques actives pour exécuter un workflow orientés politiques actives modélisé en utilisant notre AP Model. Le moteur implante un modèle d'exécution qui détermine comment les instances d'une AP, une règle et une activité interagissent entre elles pour ajouter des propriétés non-fonctionnelles (NFP) à un workflow en cours d'exécution. Nous avons validé le modèle AP et le moteur d'exécution de politiques actives en définissant des types de politiques actives pour adresser le traitement d'exceptions, l'atomicité, le traitement d'état, la persistance et l'authentification. Ces types de politiques actives ont été utilisés pour implanter des applications à base de services fiables, et pour intégrer les données fournies par des services à travers des mashups.
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American Economic Journal: Economic Policy
In: American economic review, Volume 99, Issue 2, p. 679-680
ISSN: 1944-7981
AEJ Policy will publish papers covering a range of topics, the common theme being the role of economic policy in economic outcomes. Subject areas will include public economics; urban and regional economics; public policy aspects of health, education, welfare, and political institutions; law and economics; economic regulation; and environmental and natural resource economics.
Institutionalist perspectives on international policy coordination in Asia: the case of NCD prevention policy
In: Journal of Asian public policy, Volume 11, Issue 1, p. 83-97
ISSN: 1751-6242
Trade Policy Coherence and Coordination in Nepal: An Exploratory Assessment ; Trade and Competitiveness Assessment ; Volume 1
In: http://hdl.handle.net/11540/14488
This paper is an exploratory assessment of the coherence of policies, strategies and laws that have a bearing on Nepal's international trade, and the mechanism and extent of coordination between government agencies and between the government and the private sector in trade-related decision making, including policy formulation and implementation. It outlines possible measures for achieving policy coherence and improved inter-agency coordination.
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L'Europe et la coordination des politiques monétaires
In: Revue d'économie politique, Volume 101, p. 1-166
ISSN: 0373-2630
Regulation and coordination of money supply in transition to the European Monetary Union; 5 articles. Summary in English.
FINABEL coordination committee
In: Nato's fifteen nations: independent review of economic, political and military power, including "Vigilance", Volume 27, Issue 4, p. 86-88
ISSN: 0027-6065
World Affairs Online
Gains from international monetary policy coordination: Does it pay to be different?
In: Journal of economic dynamics & control, Volume 32, Issue 7, p. 2085-2117
ISSN: 0165-1889
Macroeconomic Policy Coordination in Europe: The ERM and Monetary Union
In: The political quarterly: PQ, Volume 64, Issue 3, p. 376-378
ISSN: 0032-3179
Economic History and Economic Policy
In: The journal of economic history, Volume 72, Issue 2, p. 289-307
ISSN: 1471-6372
"The lessons of history" were widely invoked in 2008/09 as analysts and policymakers sought to make sense of the global financial crisis. Specifically, analogies with the early stages of the Great Depression of the 1930s were widely drawn. Building on work in cognitive science and literature on foreign policy making, this article seeks to account for the influence of this particular historical analogy and asks how it shaped both perceptions and the economic policy response. It asks how historical scholarship might be better organized to inform the process of economic policymaking. It concludes with some reflections on how research in economic history will be reshaped by the crisis.
Räumliche Koordination von Förderpolitiken - das Beispiel der "Regionalen Wachstumskerne" in Brandenburg
In: Koordination raumwirksamer Politik : mehr Effizienz und Wirksamkeit von Politik durch abgestimmte Arbeitsteilung, p. 91-112
"Die brandenburgische Landesregierung hat vor gut zehn Jahren begonnen, ihre Förderpolitiken neu auszurichten und räumlich auf 'starke Standorte' (sog. Regionale Wachstumskerne) zu fokussieren. Die Wachstumskerne sind die brandenburgischen Standorte mit - im Landesmaßstab - überdurchschnittlichen wirtschaftlichen und/oder wissenschaftlichen Potenzialen. Neben der räumlichen Fokussierung war und ist eine Leitidee des neuen Ansatzes, dass alle entwicklungsrelevanten Politikfelder bei der Stärkung der Wachstumskerne mitwirken. Der Ansatz bringt in horizontaler wie vertikaler Hinsicht eine Reihe von Koordinationserfordernissen mit sich. Dieser Artikel untersucht die Politikkoordination im Rahmen der räumlichen Fördermittelfokussierung mit dem Ziel der Ableitung von Handlungsempfehlungen für die Politikkoordination. In Bezug auf die Politikkoordination legt das brandenburgische Beispiel nahe, dass eine in ein System interregionaler Kooperation eingebundene Dezentralisierungspolitik und die Zurückhaltung gegenüber Wettbewerbselementen ein guter Weg sind, um die Vorteile von Dezentralisierung und Zentralisierung zu vereinen. Eine Erfahrung ist auch, dass eine räumlich fokussierte Förderstrategie die vertikale Kooperation erleichtert. Die Ausrichtung auf einige Standorte führt zu Komplexitätsreduktion bei der vertikalen Zusammenarbeit. In horizontaler Hinsicht sind sowohl auf Landesebene als auch auf kommunaler Ebene ein starker Koordinator und eine feste Kooperationsstruktur unerlässlich. Aus den Schlussfolgerungen für das Fallbeispiel Brandenburg können andere Regionen Anregungen dazu ableiten, welche Organisationsformen in Bezug auf die Politikkoordination für sie geeignet sind." (Autorenreferat)
Stabilization policy in an exchange rate union: transmission, coordination and influence on the union cohesion
In: Contributions to economics