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Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Introduction -- References -- 1: The Relevance of Wittgenstein's Philosophy to Psychology -- 1.1 A Brief History of Relations Between Wittgensteinian Philosophy and Psychology -- Wittgenstein's Later Philosophy and Postmodernism -- Wittgenstein's Later Philosophy and Science -- 1.2 Wittgenstein's Comparison of Mathematics and Psychology -- Further Implications of Wittgenstein's "Entirely Analogous" Treatment of Mathematics and Psychology -- 1.3 Clarification of Conceptual Analysis and the Role of Theoretical Psychology -- A Wittgensteinian Approach to the Activities of Theoretical Psychology -- Further Barriers to Recognition of Wittgenstein's Relevance to Psychology -- 1.4 The Relevance of a Wittgensteinian Surview to Psychology -- Clarification of Wittgenstein's Surview Approach and the Problem of "Completeness" -- The Notion of a Surview and Kuhnian Paradigms in Psychology -- 1.5 Chapter Summary -- References -- 2: A Wittgensteinian Stance on Psychological Methods, Objectivity, Ontology and Explanations -- 2.1 Metamethodological Issues and Psychology -- Grammatical and Empirical Propositions and Investigations in Psychology -- Reflexivity About Pictures and Accounts of Methodological Pluralism -- An Illustration of Combined Discursive and Psychosocial-Psychoanalytic Qualitative Approaches -- 2.2 Reality, Objectivity and Reflexivity in Psychology -- The Later Wittgenstein on Objectivity and Its Relevance for Psychology -- Objectivity as Independence and Distance -- The Criterion of Intelligibility and the Reality of Psychological Phenomena -- 2.3 Ontological Issues in Psychology -- Dimensions and Levels of Psychological Phenomena -- Clarifying "Hidden" Features of Social and Psychological Phenomena -- Wittgensteinian Criticisms of Cognitive Psychology

Abstract
According to a major trend in Hegel scholarship, Hegel advocates a McDowell-style transformativist conception of the human mind. Central to this conception is a methodological dualism, according to which phenomena belonging to the rational mind, in contrast to those belonging to non-rational nature, must be accounted for from within the 'space of reasons.' In this paper I argue, by contrast, that Hegel rejects methodological dualism. For Hegel, a constitutive aspect of the rational mind is the activity of expression. I show how Hegel's philosophy of mind adequately accounts for low-level forms of expressivity without appealing to capacities connected to conceptual thought and judgment, and that he does so by drawing on methods similar to those employed within the empirical sciences of his time. Thus, for Hegel, the sphere of the rational mind is broader than the McDowellian space of reasons.

A review essay on books edited by Edna Ullman-Margalit, The Kaleidoscope of Science & The Prism of Science (The Israel Colloquium: Studies in History, Philosophy, and Sociology of Science, Vols. I & II, respectively; Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1986 [see listings in IRPS No. 46]). These volumes bring together highly diverse papers, greatly enhanced by their printed commentaries. Here, papers related especially to European ideas are summarized, including David Kohn's reconstruction of Charles Darwin's theoretical reasoning, & Martin Rudwick's account of a dispute among British geologists in the 1830s. Amos Tversky wrote on the "conjunction fallacy," in which people view a conjunction as more probable than either of its components. Of special interest in the second work are Frank Manuel's study of the role of scientists in European utopias, G. A. Cohen's restatement of Karl Marx's historical materialism, & Emanoel Lee's description of differential efforts in medicine during the Boer War. A. Waters

Intro -- Friedrich Schlegel and the Emergence of Romantic Philosophy -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Philosophy and Early German Romanticism -- The Literary Dimensions of Early German Romanticism -- Defining Romanticism -- Schlegel's Antifoundationalism -- Overview -- 1. Finding Room for the Romantics between Kant and Hegel -- Idealism: From Misconceptions to Post-Kantian Variations -- Searching for the Unity of Thought and Being:Idealist Jäger versus Romantic Spürhunde -- Frank's Romantic Realists versus Beiser's Romantic Idealists -- On Why Schlegel Is Not Hegel54 -- Romantic Skepticism -- 2. Searching for the Grounds of Knowledge -- Jacobi's Salto Mortale -- Schlegel's Reaction to the Salto -- Reinhold's Elementarphilosophie -- Aenesidemus and the Shift from Principle to Fact of Consciousness -- Fichte's Move from Fact to Act of Consciousness -- 3. Fichte's Wissenschaftslehre: A Tendency to Be Avoided? -- The Foundations of Fichte's Wissenschaftslehre -- The Clash between Schmid and Fichte -- Fichte and Schlegel on Critical Philosophy -- Fichte's Mystical Errors -- The Spirit versus the Letter of Fichte's Philosophy -- 4. Niethammer's Influence on the Development of Schlegel's Skepticism -- Niethammer's Skepticism -- Niethammer's Appeal to Common Sense -- Schlegel's Philosophical Debut -- Schlegel's Critique of Niethammer's Appeal to Common Sense -- Schlegel's Historical Taxonomy -- 5. Critique as Metaphilosophy: Kant as Half Critic -- Revolution, Scientific Method, and Kant's Critical Project -- Critiquing the Critical Philosopher -- Away from Kant: Schlegel's Historical Turn -- 6. Philosophy in Media Res -- The Wechselerweis and the Search for Truth -- Philosophy "in the Middle": Between Fichte and Spinoza -- Destroying the Illusion of the Finite:Schlegel's Critique of the Thing.

1. Introduction / Rik Peels -- 2. Ignorance, alternative possibilites, and the epistemic conditions for responsiblity / Carolina Sartorio -- 3. Moral incapacity and moral ignorance / Elinor Mason -- 4. Justification, excuse, and the exculpatory power of ignorance / Marcia Baron -- 5. Ignorance as a moral excuse / Michael J. Zimmerman -- 6. Tracing cases of culpable ignorance / Holly M. Smith -- 7. Is making people ignorant as bad as deceiving them? / Don Fallis -- 8. Radical evaluative ignorance / Martin Peterson -- 9. Living with ignorance in a world of experts / Alexander A. Guerrero -- 10. Risk : knowledge, ignorance, and values combined / Sven Ove Hansson -- 11. Ignorance as a legal excuse / Larry Alexander -- 12. Ignorance, technology, and collective responsibility / Seumas Miller.

The relevance of the chosen topic of the article is determined by the need to improve the system of educational activities in postmodernism.
The article provides a theoretical analysis of developments on the topic, substantiates axiological (spiritual, moral, aesthetic and other values, their relationship with each other, with social, cultural factors and human personality; section philosophy) perspectives of educational activities in postmodern philosophy, gives a description of axiological areas of academic activity in postmodern philosophy; the main directions of the philosophy of education in the epoch of postmodernism are determined; the vision of a new paradigm of education in the works of researchers and scientists is presented.
The article analyses the understanding of the problems of education in the European philosophical and pedagogical tradition of the XX-XXI century, gives a brief overview of systematic works on the philosophy of education of prominent Western researchers of these problems, taking into account their proposed educational values. Based on the analysis, the article's author concludes that it is necessary to critically review several traditions for the philosophy of education and the choice of approaches in understanding the values of modern education.
The article's author notes the emergence of new axiological paradigms of education in the philosophy of education of the late XX - early XXI century, associated with the development of cultural-centric and global-historical trends in philosophy.

The volume discusses the notion of space by focusing on the most representative exponents of the Hellenistic schools and explores the role played by spatial concepts in both coeval and later authors who, without specifically thematising these concepts, made use of them in a theoretically original way. Renowned scholars investigate the philosophical significance and bring to light the problematical character of the ancient conceptions of space.

Nietzsche's double rhetoric : which nihilism? / Stanley Rosen -- Toward a new aristocracy : Nietzsche contra Plato on the role of a warrior elite / Michael Allen Gillespie -- Nietzsche : nihilism and neo-gnosticism / Stanley Corngold -- Nietzsche rhetoric nihilism : every name in history, every style, everything permitted? (a political philology of the last letter) / Geoff Waite -- Does that sound strange to you? : education and indirection in essay III of on the genealogy of morality / Daniel Conway -- Free spirits and free thinkers : Nietzsche and Guyau on the future of morality / Keith Ansell-Pearson -- How deep are the roots of nihilism? : Nietzsche on the creative power of nature and morality / Jeffrey Metzger -- Nietzsche and the impossibility of nihilism / James I. Porter -- Nietzsche, contingency, and the vacuity of politics / Robert Guay.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Introduction / Heyes, Cressida J. -- Part I. Wittgenstein and Method -- 1. Wittgenstein and Political Philosophy: Understanding Practices of Critical Reflection / Tully, James -- 2. The Limits of Conservatism: Wittgenstein on "Our Life" and "Our Concepts" / Cerbone, David R. -- 3. Wittgenstein, Fetishism, and Nonsense in Practice / McManus, Denis -- 4. Genealogy as Perspicuous Representation / Owen, David -- Part II. A Wittgensteinian Politics -- 5. Notes on the Natural History of Politics / Janik, Allan -- 6. Wittgenstein and the Conversation of Justice / Eldridge, Richard -- 7. Doing without Knowing: Feminism's Politics of the Ordinary / Zerilli, Linda M.G. -- 8. On Seeing liberty As / Havercroft, Jonathan -- Part III. Wittgenstein Applied -- 9. "But One Day Man Opens His Seeing Eye": The Politics of Anthropomorphizing Language / Lee, Wendy Lynne -- 10. Does Your Patient Have a Beetle in His Box?: Language-Games and the Spread of Psychopathology / Elliott, Carl -- 11. Wittgenstein on Bodily Feelings: Explanation and Melioration in Philosophy of Mind, Art, and Politics / Shusterman, Richard -- Notes -- Bibliography -- About the Contributors -- Index