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Specialists in the field of international organization have noted with some alarm a decline of interest among students and foundations in the study of the United Nations system. There has been a shift toward the study of regionalism and the theory of integration. The former shift reflects one reality of postwar world politics—the division of a huge and heterogeneous international system into subsystems in which patterns of cooperation and ways of controlling conflicts are either more intense or less elusive than in the global system. The interest in integration reflects both the persistence and the transformation of the kind of idealism that originally pervaded, guided, and at times distorted the study of international organization. We have come to understand that integration, in the sense of a process that devalues sovereignty, gradually brings about the demise of the nation-state, and leads to the emergence of new foci of loyalty and authority, is only one, and by no means the most important, of the many functions performed by global international organizations. This has led only in part to a more sober and searching assessment of these functions. It has resulted primarily in a displacement of interest toward those geographically more restricted institutions (like the European Communities) whose main task seems to be to promote integration.

Parts 1 and 3 appeared first in 1915 as spplements to the July 10 and 17 issues of the New statesman, with collective title Suggestions for the prevention of war. ; "This volume is the outcome of a Committee of the Fabian Research Department . To Mr. L. S. Woolf was committed the task of preparing two reports (which appear as Parts I and II of this volume); and upon this investigation the Committee drafted what now stands as Part III." ; Includes bibliographical references and an index. ; Mode of access: Internet.

The paper discusses the benefits of Turkey's cooperation with SCO countries. Turkey's economic indices reveal the shift of trade volumes from Europe to Asia, the country is interested in free trade zones in the region and support most initiatives brought forward by China. Being the member of NATO Turkey seeks nevertheless fundamental security co-operation with adjacent states. Especially important for Turkey are relations with Afghanistan.

The paper consists of two parts. The first reviews an appraisal of the contemporary theories of international migration. Among older theories, the push-and-pull model, the segmented labour market theory, world-system theory, and the political economy model are examined as macro-level explanatory approaches, and, at the micro-level, the neoclassical economic (otherwise known as rational choice) theory, human capital theory, new economics of migration, migration network or social capital theory, and the cumulative causation model are examined. The second part presents an encompassing theoretical approach, migration as structuration process, and identifies its advantages over other models. This approach is then comparatively applied to eight immigrant groups chosen as case studies.

FOR MANY YEARS THE WHOLE PROBLEM OF INTERNATIONAL SECURITY WAS REGARDED THROUGH THE PRISM OF SUPERPOWER CONFRONTATION. NOW IT APPEARS THAT THAT SCHOOL OF THOUGHT WHICH WAS BORN BY THAT TRADITION HAS COLLAPSED. A NEW AND DEEPER PARADIGM TO EXPLAIN THE SOURCES OF INSECURITY IS NEED AND STUDENTS LOOK FORWARD TO THE CREATION OF NEW THEORY. THIS ARTICLE CONSIDERS IT USEFUL TO TAKE A FRESH AND UNBIASED LOOK AT THE HISTORICAL SOURCES OF CONFLICTS AND THEN TO COMPARE THEM WITH THE PRESENT SITUATION. IT EXPLORES ROME AND THE BARBARIANS, THE EAST-WEST CONFRONTATION, AND, THE REDISCOVERY OF THE TRADITIONAL SOURCES OF CONFLICT.

We explore the directional spillover network among economic sentiment indicators and the economic policy uncertainty (EPU) index from Europe. We derive our results by fitting the directional spillover index approach to the monthly frequency data of eleven European countries, economic sentiment indicators and the European EPU index, spanning from 1 January 1987, to 1 February 2019. The empirical results indicate that the economic sentiment indicators of the largest European economies (Germany, France, and Italy) spillover with each other the most. The economic sentiment indicators of Germany and France most strongly influence the EU and Euro area economic sentiment indicators. The economic sentiment indicators of France and Italy have the most influence on the European EPU index, while the latter has the strongest influence on the economic sentiment indicators of Germany and France.

This report discusses the current political and economic conditions in Russia, focusing on the impact of Vladimir Putin's leadership and the leadership of his successor/protégé, Dmitriy Medvedev, both of which have steered Russia away from progress toward democratization. The report also discusses the state of the economy since the Soviet collapse in 1999, how the recent global economic downturn has affected Russia, the state of Russia's military, and the current relationship between Russia and the United States.

The rapid growth of the Japanese economy is well known and needs no elaboration. Table I here gives a summary picture with its international comparison. I have discussed elsewhere (Ichimura, 1979) the main factors accounting for the rapid growth and mentioned ten factors:

part Part I -- chapter 1 Introduction -- chapter 2 The Point of Departure of Our Theory -- chapter 3 Barter Relations -- chapter 4 The Discussion of the Question, How the Barter Relation Can Be Grasped and Some Other Points -- chapter 5 More Remarks about Our Method -- chapter 6 The Methodological Individualism -- chapter 7 About the Term Value -- part Part II—Section I -- chapter 1 Introduction to the Following Exposition -- chapter 2 Critique of the Common Exposition and Its Relation to Ours -- chapter 3 Static and Dynamic -- part Part II—Section II -- chapter 1 Preliminary Questions of the Cost Theory -- chapter 2 The Liability Problem and the Questions That Are Attached to It -- chapter 3 Elements of the Price Theory -- chapter 4 Foundations of the Monetary Theory -- chapter 5 The Theory of Economizing -- part Part III -- chapter 1 The Income: General Things -- chapter 2 The Wages Theory -- chapter 3 The Theory of Ground Rent -- chapter 4 About the Third Static Branch of Income -- chapter 5 About the Theory of Entrepreneurial Profi t -- part Part IV -- chapter 1 General Part -- chapter 2 Examples -- part Part V -- chapter 1 Nature or Essence of the Exact Economy -- chapter 2 Value of the Pure Economy -- chapter 3 Once More the Boundaries and Defects of the Economy -- chapter 4 About Reforms and Attempts at Reform -- chapter 5 The Developmental Opportunities of the Theoretical Economy.