Law and policy in public purchasing: the WTO Agreement on government procurement
In: Studies in international trade policy
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In: Studies in international trade policy
In: (2021) 32 Hague Yearbook of International Law 2019 (Brill, Nijhoff) https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004507975_005
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Working paper
In: ASR CHIANG MAI UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
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In: Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law, Band 38, Heft 2
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In: Arizona Journal of International and Comparative Law, 2013
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In: Journal of international economic law, Band 24, Heft 4, S. 724-737
ISSN: 1464-3758
ABSTRACT
Under the Nakajima doctrine, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) can review the legality of a European Union (EU) measure in the light of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreements if the EU legislature intended to implement a particular obligation assumed in the context of those agreements. This article argues that Nakajima remains a valid exception to the lack of direct effect of WTO law in the EU. Section II highlights the CJEU's restrictive interpretation of Nakajima. Section III shows that in recent case law the CJEU continues to take a narrow interpretation of Nakajima, although the CJEU has been reluctant to abolish it altogether. This section also analyses the feasibility of establishing the intention to implement WTO law based on external circumstances (Section III.B) and demonstrates Nakajima's significance beyond EU law (Section III.C). Section IV criticizes the CJEU's combination of Nakajima and the principle of interpreting EU law in consistency with international law. Section V concludes.
In: (2020) 42 EIPR 709
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In: German Yearbook of International Law, Band 53, S. 139-188
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In: 23(4) Journal of International Economic Law (2020), 885-905.
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In: Hamburger Studien zum europäischen und internationalen Recht 41
In: European journal of international law, Band 17, Heft 2, S. 419-443
ISSN: 0938-5428
World Affairs Online
In: Harvard international law journal, Band 44, Heft 2, S. 533-550
ISSN: 0017-8063
World Affairs Online
In: Nordic journal of international law, Band 72, Heft 2, S. 305-307
ISSN: 1571-8107
In: OECD journal: competition law and policy, Band 3, Heft 1, S. 115-137
ISSN: 1560-7771
In: Proceedings of the annual meeting / American Society of International Law, Band 108, S. 243-246
ISSN: 2169-1118