Suchergebnisse

A new national security focus -- Cross-tier conflict methods -- Battle analysis: the Battle of Hill 219 (Korean War, 25-26 November 1950) -- Battle analysis: the Battle of LZ Albany (Vietnam War, 17 November 1965) -- Battle analysis: the Battle of Goose Green (Falkland Islands War, 27-29 May 1982) -- Battle analysis: the Battle of 73 Easting (Operation Desert Storm, 26-27 February 1991) -- Battle analysis: the Battle of Mogadishu (Operation Restore Hope, 3-4 October 1993) -- Battle analysis: summary -- The future of warfare: trends affecting the ground commmander

AbstractThe article considers whether a state owes any obligation under international humanitarian law or under human rights law to its own soldiers killed or injured during an armed conflict or an occupation of territory. Whether a soldier's own state can beacause (in conjunction with the acts of enemy forces) of his death during combat is explored through situations such as poor training, equipment, and leadership and of specific issues such as 'friendly fire' incidents. It marks out a distinction between causation and the responsibility of a state. Whilst there may be political, or even national law, pressures upon a government which is at fault to some degree in causing casualties amongst its own soldiers this article suggests that, in certain limited circumstances, a duty may crystallise under customary international humanitarian law or arise under human rights law on a state to prevent it beingacause of the death or wounding of its own soldiers. It concludes that soldiers are, perhaps, the last group involved in an armed conflict to be recognised as individuals who should be owed some obligation of protection, in this case, by their own state under international law.

Side by side with aspirations for universal peace, efforts to limit the effects of war have been made throughout all of history and in all of the world's great civilizations. Such efforts, however, have primarily taken the form of religious or moral precepts; although treaties were in fact concluded, they were limited in scope.

This annotated bibliography is compiled as a collection development guide for academic librarians and specialists in international law. The topic of International Humanitarian Law of Armed Conflict concerns the treatment of combatants and noncombatants in wartime, while the topic of International Human Rights Law has traditionally been concerned with the treatment of individuals by states in peacetime. During the period from the end of the twentieth century to the present, the boundaries between international humanitarian law and human rights law have become increasingly blurred. Therefore, this article concentrates on core sources inbothbranches of international law in these key areas of overlap: conflicts between states; internal conflicts; insurgencies.

AbstractThe destruction of cultural heritage in armed conflicts has gained increasing political momentum and visibility over the last two decades. Syria, Iraq and Mali, among others, have witnessed the intentional destruction of their cultural heritage by non-State armed groups (NSAGs) that have invoked Islamic law and principles to legitimize their actions. The response of the international community has predominantly focused on the material aspect, to the detriment of the significant impact on the associated intangible manifestation of cultural heritage in local communities. This article argues that several Islamic legal rules and principles may, more adequately than international humanitarian law, safeguard the intangible dimension of cultural heritage in certain contemporary armed conflicts in Muslim contexts. It aims to demonstrate the importance of drawing from multiple legal traditions in order to enhance the protection of intangible cultural heritage in armed conflicts and to strengthen engagement with the relevant NSAGs.

There are few institutions in the world which are able to assemble officers from all the countries of the globe, who wear their own uniforms and live and work together for two weeks. One of these is the International Institute of Humanitarian Law in San Remo, Italy.This non-governmental organization was set up in 1970 for the purpose of promoting the dissemination and development of international humanitarian law. The choice of the Italian seaside resort of San Remo was not accidental. It was there that Alfred Nobel spent the last years of his life, and he left all his property to the humanitarian cause. The villa he occupied until his death became the headquarters of the International Institute of Humanitarian Law.

Die Diplomarbeit untersucht die Rolle des Völkerrechts, im Bereich der freien Meinungsäußerung, im Bezug auf den Schutz der Journalisten bei der Ausübung ihrer beruflichen Tätigkeit im bewaffneten Konflikten. Jeder Journalist hat den Rechtsschutz während der Durchführung seiner Tätigkeit auf der ganzen Welt, wenn er/sie über bewaffnete Konflikte berichtet.Obwohl die internationalen gesetzlichen Bestimmungen über Kriegsberichterstattung eigentlich transparent und angemessen sind, weisen sie in der Praxis oftmals große Probleme auf. Oft sind sie schwer umzusetzen und sind manchmal objektiv schwer verständlich für die gegnerische Partei. Gemeint ist die Situation, in denen Journalisten mit Kriegsgräueltaten konfrontiert sind! In solchen ist es oft schwierig, in der Berichterstattung unparteiisch zu bleiben. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit wird den Fragen geschenkt über die derzeit bestehenden rechtlichen Schutzbestimmungen des Humanitären Völkerrechtes und Massnahmen die in der Zukunft implementiert werden können, um einen besseren Schutz gewähren zu können. Ebenso wird das Recht der freien Meinungsäußerung im Bezug auf die journalistische Tätigkeit behandelt . Die Arbeit befasst sich auch mit der aktuellen Situation in Syrien, die laut Reporter ohne Grenzen einer der gefährlichsten aktuellen Orte für Journalisten darstellt. Bestätigt durch die zahlreichen Todesfälle von Journalisten vor Ort. ; This diploma thesis investigates the role that the international law plays in securing the freedom of expression and the media in protecting the journalists while performing their professional activities during armed conflicts. Every journalist is entitled to legal protection while conducting his/her business, i.e. reporting to the world about the events they witness. Although the international legal provisions regarding war reporting seem transparent and adequate, they are very often difficult to implement in practice and to understand objectively by the opposing parties. This is particularly evident in situations when journalists, faced with war atrocities, find it challenging to remain impartial in their reporting.Particular attention will be paid to the question of the currently existing legal protection provisions, the journalists? rights to freedom of expression and eventually to the measures that could be implemented to prevent journalists' and reporters' deaths in the future. The research will be supported by a brief outline of the unrests and the current war in Syria that began in 2011 as it has become the most dangerous place for journalists to work, according to Reporters without Borders (RWB), due to the high number of deaths among them. ; eingereicht von Anja Dragomanovic ; Abweichender Titel laut Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers ; Graz, Univ., Dipl.-Arb., 2014 ; (VLID)242736