Suchergebnisse

"Following the daily routines of collecting and record keeping at the Canadian Centre for Architecture, Albena Yaneva tells the story of how the nature of architectural archives reflects the nature of design as a collective endeavor in which archivists, librarians, editors, curators, digital humanists, and conservators all play a role. She also makes an argument about the importance of architectural archive-making as an index of the cultural position of design in contemporary societies"--

East Central Europe played a crucial role in shaping the development of sexual science from the 1870s onwards. The life-histories of influential and well-known figures such as Sigmund Freud (born in Freiberg/Příbor), Magnus Hirschfeld (born in Kolberg/Kolobrzeg) and Karl Maria Kertbeny (born in Vienna, based in Budapest) reveal the imperial interconnectedness of East Central Europe with what would become Western Europe. By 1932, when the World League for Sexual Reform held its congress in Brno (following previous meetings in Berlin, London, Vienna, and Copenhagen), the society had established branches across the region, including Poland, Austria, and Czechoslovakia. In that same year, Poland decriminalised homosexual acts. Yet, East Central Europe is often neglected in the history of sexology and little is known about how sexual science in these regions shaped, and was shaped by, global networks of knowledge production. Indeed, despite recent attempts to demonstrate the ways in which sexual science was a truly global enterprise, East Central Europe remains to be fully incorporated into our mapping of the global networks of sexological dialogue and exchange.1 This is especially true of scholarship on the period after the Second World War. Historians have tended to misconstrue the transnational nature of sexual science in East Central Europe both before and after 1945. First, the contribution of East Central Europeans to European cultures of scientific exchanges has been obscured by the tendency of much historical writing to focus on a small number of key pioneers (Krafft-Ebing, Magnus Hirschfeld, Sigmund Freud and Havelock Ellis). Second, it is assumed that East Central European sexual science was largely cut off from international networks of knowledge exchange after the Second World War following the onset of the Cold War.2 Third, there are preconceived notions that communist authoritarian governments, having curtailed political freedoms and economic entrepreneurialism, must have also taken a repressive stance against sexual expression.3 Fourth, the dominance of 1989 as the fundamental caesura has encouraged a periodisation that fails to draw enough attention to the shifts in transnational patterns of knowledge exchange around sexual politics during the period 1945 to 1989 and fails to identify key continuities that link the sexual politics of the contemporary world with those of the communist period. None of these assumptions can withstand scrutiny, as the articles in this forum reveal. Building on a recent boost in scholarly interest in the sexual histories of the region,4 we present a collection of papers that each detail the transnational connections of local sexual experts in creating sexual knowledge both before and during state socialism.5

Intro -- Contents -- List of Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Introduction: What Are Export Controls, and Why Do They Matter? -- Part 1 -- Chapter 2. The Invention of Export Controls over Unclassified Technological Data and Know-How (1917-45) -- Chapter 3. The Cold War National Security State and the Export Control Regime -- Part 2 -- Chapter 4. The Recalibration of American Power, the Bucy Report, and the Reshaping of Export Controls in the 1970s -- Chapter 5. The Reagan Administration's Attempts to Control Soviet Knowledge Acquisition in Academia -- Chapter 6. Academia Fights Back: The Corson Panel and the Fundamental Research Exclusion -- Part 3 -- Chapter 7. "Economic Security" and the Politics of Export Controls over Technology Transfers to Japan in the 1980s -- Chapter 8. Paradigm Shifts in Export Control Policies by Reagan, Bush, and Clinton and the Evolving US-China Relations -- Chapter 9. The Conflict over Technology Sharing in Clinton's Second Term: The Cox Report and the Use of Chinese Launchers -- Part 4 -- Chapter 10. Epilogue: Export Controls, US Academia, and the Chinese-American Clash during the Trump Administration -- Notes -- Index.

World History: An Introduction provides readers with the knowledge and tools necessary to understand the global historical perspective and how it can be used to shed light on both our past and our present. A concise and original guide to the concepts, methods, debates and contents of world history, it combines a thematic approach with a clear and ambitious focus.Each chapter traces connections with the past and the present to explore major questions in world history: How did humans evolve from an endangered species to the most successful of them all?

The article deals with the intellectual history, as well as the political impact, of Karl Haushofer's concept of geopolitics. It attempts to contextualize his thinking & actions in the period between the two world wars as well as during the Nazi period. Haushofer's geopolitics is perceived as a quasi-materialist ideology, which was politically directed against the stipulations of the Versailles peace treaty, but can also be interpreted as a concept with a specific German & continental ideology that opposed the abstract forms of social intercourse common to maritime & naval cultures, based on trade & exchange, as represented historically by GB &, later, the US. The cultural, societal, & political contrast between cultures of the land & cultures of the sea are seen as one fundamental presupposition in Haushofer's thinking. The article deals with the body of knowledge he developed, his personal history under Nazism, & the impact of his thought on German territorial revisionism in the 1920s. Adapted from the source document.

Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations is arguably one of the most influential books of the 20th century. It threw a new light on the workings of language and mind, contributing significantly to the understanding of human knowledge. Featuring essays by internationally renowned scholars, this book explores the development of Wittgenstein's ideas in the direction of the Investigations. It offers a comprehensive view of some of the most disputable issues in the study of Wittgenstein's masterpiece and reassesses its relevance within contemporary philosophical debate

section 1. A history of the present of youth studies / Susan Talburt and Nancy Lesko -- section 2. Research and regulation of knowledge / Thomas S. Popkewitz -- section 3. Populational reasoning / Gordon Tait -- section 4. Citizenship stories / Anita Harris -- section 5. Mobilities and the transnationalization of youth cultures / Fazal Rizvi -- section 6. Everyday exceptions : geographies of social imaginaries / Sunaina Maira -- section 7. Enchantment / Nancy Lesko and Susan Talburt.

Abstract
Literary historiography is not indifferent to phenomena that are of key importance to contemporary culture and the humanities, including tourism and travel writing/travel studies. By trying to incorporate the ways a contemporary person experiences the world, literary history uses narrative strategies that are typical of current travel discourse-e. g. of a tourist guide. A tourist guide is an applied genre and also a cultural representation of the literary past of a city or region. The central category for literary tourist guides is space and mobility (rather than timelines and other figures important in a grand literary history). Space functions here as the subject of narration and as the basic principle that orders the material. In that context, the form of a tourist guide is a way of presenting the literary past, remembering the history of the city and its literary works, the lives of writers. Adapting a tourist guidebook for the needs of literary history results from the fact that everyday practices, such as travel and walking, influence professional forms of knowledge. This article shows how academic knowledge (here: literary history) can be learned and popularised by means of a non-academic genre (here: literary tourist guides).

World history has known areas of relative isolation and areas of high intensity of cultural interaction. The Mediterranean Sea, the Silk Road or the Straits of Malacca can be cited as such crucial contact zones. Within these areas, centres sprung up that served as interfaces between cultures and societies. These "hubs" as we would like to call them, emerged at various points throughout the contact zones, rose to prominence and submerged into oblivion due to a variety of natural calamities or political fortunes. This paper assesses the rise and fall of trade and knowledge hubs along the Straits of Malacca from before colonialisation until today. Historical hubs of maritime trade and religiosity today increasingly establish themselves as educational and knowledge hubs. This leads us to speak of the Straits of Malacca as a chain of - not pearls - but knowledge hubs with Singapore as the knowledge hub in the region shining the brightest of all, as the data suggest. We aim to conceptually grasp this development by suggesting a model or at least a hypothesis about the rise and movement of knowledge hubs in general.