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In the nineteenth century, European states conquered vast stretches of territory across the periphery of the international system. This book challenges the conventional wisdom that these conquests were the product of European military dominance or technological superiority. In contrast, it claims that favorable social conditions helped fuel peripheral conquest. European states enjoyed greatest success when they were able to recruit local collaborators and exploit divisions among elites in targeted societies.

In the nineteenth century, European states conquered vast stretches of territory across the periphery of the international system. This book challenges the conventional wisdom that these conquests were the product of European military dominance or technological superiority. In contrast, it claims that favorable social conditions helped fuel peripheral conquest. European states enjoyed greatest success when they were able to recruit local collaborators and exploit divisions among elites in targeted societies

Transnational advocacy networks (TANs) with similar goals are linked to one another through brokerage networks. Analysis of a network of 10 TANs devoted to environmental issues and economic reform, and consisting of 436 advocacy organisations in 75 countries, revealed the existence of two subnetworks whose members served in several capacities as brokers: 12 advocacy organisations, which belonged to four or more TANs; eight advocacy organisations associated with the federation, Friends of the Earth, which belonged to three or more TANs. The activities of members of these networks included participation in governance of TANs, development of long-term relationships with funders, and production of reports containing information and policy analysis. For less active organisations, members of these subnetworks provided information and, in some cases, access to funding. Adapted from the source document.

The challenges imposed by the global development agenda imply reflecting on the role and contribution of political parties to development processes in the online environment. Social networks have been characterised as a part of the strategies of political campaigns, as it allows political leaders to establish bidirectional communication with citizens. In this context, the present study aims to empirically explore the leading Spanish political formations' publications from a social marketing perspective. In this way, it will be possible to verify how issues related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are addressed. On the one hand, this requires elaborating the communication profiles of the main political parties presented to the Spanish General Elections from 2015 to 2019. On the other hand, to analyse whether social themes better discriminate or distinguish one political party from another. For this purpose, a methodology based on text mining, content analysis from a quantitative and qualitative approach, and simple correspondence analysis has been used. Finally, it should be noted that the results of this research show that there are differences between political parties according to the social issues published, with a divergence between the social issues that provoke a better reaction from the public and those most published on Facebook.

This chapter presents a methodological approach to analyze the structure of the online news domain before and after a media policy was passed. I use tools from network science to this end and I discuss the implication of this regulation for the public sphere. Networks are simplified representations of processes, which capture basic connections among those who take part in them. Through network analysis, one can assess the underlying forces that drive those processes and their consequences. In this chapter, network analysis is applied to the study of the structure of the online news domain and its organizing principles. I leverage digital trace data to map the hyperlinks that media outlets send to each other. I build on this data and use network community detection methods to inform the policy debate around a potential European regulation on news-link activity. Links are journalistic and social devices through which news consumption can be enhanced. They potentially promote a necessary normative condition envisioned by democracy theorists: the exposure to diverse news information. European policy attempts to regulate news-linking activity online could potentially limit them and therefore, curtail their positive function. In Spain, those attempts turned to action. A recent Spanish copyright regulation imposes a tax over news-linking activity in the country. More recently, the European Parliament announced that it might steer toward the same policy course. By focusing on the Spanish case, this chapter illustrates how network science can help to inform decisions on news-link regulation. More broadly, it shows how tools borrowed from this discipline are useful for media policy research. Specially when it comes to the study of the online sphere. To this end, I assess the changes in the fragmentation of the news domain before and after the Spanish copyright regulation came into force. The results suggest the supply side of the digital news domain is more fragmented after the law was enforced. The nature of the data ...

In today's de-layered, knowledge-intensive organizations, most work of importance is heavily reliant on informal networks of employees within organizations. However, most organizations do not know how to effectively analyze this informal structure in ways that can have a positive impact on organizational performance. Networks in the Knowledge Economy is a collection of readings on the application of social network analysis to managerial concerns. Social network analysis (SNA), a set of analytic tools that can be used to map networks of relationships, allows one to conduct very powerful assessm

As learners seek more flexible learning opportunities, and employers become gradually more open to accepting alternative forms of credentials, there is a need to improve the visibility and quality of the online information available about such opportunities. This information includes not only the descriptions of formal and non-formal learning opportunities, from full degree programmes to optional courses and MOOCs, but also the credentials learning opportunities can lead to and by whom these credentials are recognised. The new Europass initiative of the European Union is a major step forward in this respect, offering the possibility to search for both learning and employment opportunities via a platform that will support a variety of different credentials. Building on the Europass Learning Model, the Erasmus+ ECCOE project makes a significant contribution to this future platform, by defining specific quality criteria for evaluating both learning opportunities and their credentials. This paper describes the methodology applied for the quality review of online descriptions with the ultimate aim of developing a catalogue showcasing learning opportunities that meet the criteria defined by the project. This methodology concerns two levels: (a) the actual process designed and implemented transnationally for the first iteration of over 100 learning opportunity descriptions, and (b) the two PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) quality improvement cycles applied to refining the process itself. The paper also presents the results of this first iteration and formulates recommendations relevant for learning opportunity providers. Future work involving stakeholder consultation is also presented, as are the synergistic interactions between this research and the overall ECCOE project outcomes within the wider context of European work on Digital Credentials and open, online and flexible learning.

Reputational & behavioral methods & data from Walter B. Roettger's survey ("Strata and Stability: Reputations of American Political Scientists," Political Science, 1978, 11, winter, 6-13) of American Political Science Assoc members, the Social Science Citation Index, & a survey of reputational leaders (N = 11) are utilized for an approximated block model analysis attempting to define structurally equivalent groups for the discipline of political science. It is found that the center-periphery pattern of social structure characteristic of other research areas also applies to political science. Several implications of the findings are suggested. 2 Tables, 1 Figure, 11 References. Modified HA.

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Introduction: (Re)Defining Independent Cinema in an Era of Convergence -- 1. Indie via Instant Viewing: Now Streaming on Netflix and Hulu -- 2. Simultaneous Release Strategies: Soderbergh and the Screening Room -- 3. DIY Distribution: YouTube, Four Eyed Monsters, and Girl Walks into a Bar -- 4. The Fourth Screen: Sundance, Shorts, and Cell Phones -- Conclusion: The Future of Indie Cinema Online -- Acknowledgments -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Mediagraphy -- Index -- About the Author

"This study applies policy network theory to major technological, economic, environmental and social trends to generate propositions about the future of public policy. Among the findings are that we should expect more business-friendly policies, more intrusive law enforcement, more women-friendly policies, and stronger climate policies"--Provided by publisher