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Several errors in paging: p. 25, 26 repeated, p. 85-87 numbered 89-91, p. [92] numbered 88, p. 39-43 numbered 35-38, 41. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Pt. I: Results of the project. Pt. II: City competitiveness profiles. Pt. III: A technical manual for researchers on the competitiveness ratings of emerging Philippine cities

The world population is continuously growing and reached a significant evolution of the society, where the number of people living in cities surpassed the number of people in rural areas. This puts national and local governments under pressure because the limited resources, such as water, electricity, and transports, must thus be optimized to cover the needs of the citizens. Therefore, different tools, from sensors to processes, service, and artificial intelligence, are used to coordinate the usage of infrastructures and assets of the cities to build the so called smart cities. Different definitions and theoretical models of smart cities are given in literature. However, smart city can usually be modelled by a layered architecture, where communication and networking layer plays a central role. In fact, smart city applications lay on collecting field data from different infrastructures and assets, processing these data, taking some intelligent control actions, and sharing information in a secure way. Thus, a two way reliable communications layer is the basis of smart cities. This chapter introduces the basic concepts of this field and focuses on the role of communication technologies in smart cities. Potential technologies for smart cities are discussed, especially the recent wireless technologies adapted to smart city requirements.

ABSTRACT The word "Smart Cities" is the buzzword in every corner of the world. Many countries across the continents are trying to plant new smart cities or in the conversion process of existing cities. Bali (Indonesia) also seems to be in a conversion process of its Brown Field Cities. This research manuscript attempts to explore the Bali (Island) as a Smart Island regarding Smart Environment, Smart Economy, Smart Governance, Smart Mobility, Smart Living and Smart People dimensional perspective. This research manuscript has adopted a triangulation method for thematic narration since the study is qualitative and case study. The study explored that Bali/Balinese cities is/are still baby stepping of smart cities plantations. There needs to be lot of work has to be done to become Smart Bali Island. The findings will help the Bali government to understand how far they could become full-fledged Smart Island by providing the Quality of Life to citizens and economic development.

The neighbouring cities of Russe (Bulgaria) and Giurgiu (Romania) form the largest pair of cities along the Bulgarian-Romanian border, on both sides of the Danube. Historical and currently relevant prejudices, large language differences, an insufficiently developed economic exchange, a lack of family relations and state interest have lead to the low level of interactions between the cities prevailing up until now, despite their close location as neighbours. Both cities have experienced considerable grath as a result of the industrialisation of the seventies. Large housing estates were created next to the old city centres, in which the majority of the population now live. Inhabitants from the neighbouring regions have almost completely disappeared from both urban features. The current relationship between the neighbouring cities is essentially based on shopping relationships which, however, as a result of the economic framework conditions in both countries, are unstable. The volume of traffic at the border crossing Russe/Giurgiu -the location of the only road and rail bridge between Romania and Bulgaria- has increased considerably (1993: 3.5 million travellers). Nonetheless, this is mainly transit traffic. The possibilities for contact between the two cities are made more difficult by the measures implemented by the state at the border (long controls, customs' charges). However, since 1992, the respective municipal administrative bodies have been meeting on a regular basis in order to exchange information, primarily in the sector of environmental protection. The relationship between the two cities has been improved greatly by the establishment of a monitoring plant for the supervision of emissions from the chem ical industry in Giurgiu. Giurgiu in particular, as the smaller and consequently economically weaker city, hopes to gain advantages from good contacts with Russe. The future structure of the relationship between the two neighbours will be dependent on both the will of the respective populations, as well as from external factors. The model role of the European process of integration should not be underestimated in this context.

Globally smart cities have generated significant interest and momentum. The Australian Government has recently launched a $50 million Smart Cities and Suburbs Program aiming to create innovative urban technology solutions. At the same time, the Government of India has embarked on a large scale 100 Smart Cities Mission totalling investment of $15 billion. This report Identifies the common ground between the Australian and Indian Smart City Policy and lists key opportunities for Australian businesses and universities in the smart cities and urban infrastructure sector in India.The report outlines strategies for doing business within the Smart Cities sector in India based on the collective knowledge of over 100 high level civic leaders in India and Australia. It is the first publication of its kind to offer practical approaches for engagement of the two nations. Through a systematic questionnaire and a thematic analysis of three internationally significant Australia-India events, the report collates a significant body of data and contributes analysis and recommendations. Significantly the analysis cuts through the current apprehension and misconceptions generally associated with doing business with India. It outlines key Australian strengths on smart cities space and matches them with the demand arising from India's urban renaissance. It outlines how a strategic and focused Australia-India urban research network for personnel and organizational exchange of ideas and solutions can lead to increasing trade and strengthening of bilateral relations between the two democracies.

The vulnerability of urban populations to crises, poor urban decision making, or terrorism means that city stability is a national security issue. And as cities continue to grow, their components are becoming increasingly intertwined, forcing public works officials to treat urban systems as a "system of systems." The Urban Security Initiative is an integrated, science-based approach that will link computer models of a range of urban processes so that managers can better understand urban interdependencies, make realistic predictions of city vulnerability and sustainability, and improve planning and management. Several pilot studies are also focusing on urban issues where environment, infrastructure, and society are linked, including (a) transportation and toxic plumes crises; (b) earthquake damage to infrastructure and city regrowth after such disasters; (c) pollution's effects on airborne transport of particulates and their eventual fate in surface water and groundwater; and (d) a novel, computer-based technique for obtaining consensus on difficult urban issues with large numbers of stakeholders.

World Cities Beyond the West: Globalization, Development and
Inequality, Josef Gugler, ed., Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge
University Press, 2004, pp. xv, 396.This book seeks to redress what its editor regards as an imbalance in
the social science discourse on globalization and cities by providing a
collection of research on cities in the global South, in the lower income
countries of the world. In his introduction to the book, much of which
could stand on its own as a valuable contribution, Gugler demonstrates
that many cities "beyond the core" are involved in
articulations that span broad regions of the world, if not always the
whole world. Gugler also warns of the tendency to over-generalize across
these "second tier" cities, insisting that scholarship needs
to attend to the unique history, context and culture (especially political
culture) of each city.

AbstractThe Australian Government's attempts at national urban policy have been sporadic and inconsistent, under the constraints of constitutional, financial, ideological and political factors. This paper concerns the recent resurgence of national urban policy under the rubric of "smart cities" adopted by the Turnbull Government and carried on by the incumbent Morrison Government. It investigates how this round of smart cities agenda articulates with Australia's political tradition of national urban policy to seek continuity and change, through comparing historical policies, unpacking major smart cities programmes, identifying explanatory factors and critically commenting on its innovation and legacy. Drawing upon these analyses, this paper argues that understanding the smart cities agenda needs to move beyond the political, ideological "to‐and‐fro" pendulum to national urban policy observed in history. Rather, it resonates with a globalised policy norm established upon the city‐based global integration and competition, driven by an imperative of transitioning to a knowledge economy and pursuing innovation capacity. It is too early to judge whether the smart cities agenda will bring changes to Australian cities in the way it wishes, since it involves long‐term infrastructure investment and urban development projects. However, a comprehensive and consistent national urban policy to govern the Australian system of cities and towns has not been established yet.

Manchester, England, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, are what sociologist Jerome Hodos calls second cities & mdash;viable alternatives to well-known global cities such as London and New York. In Second Cities, Hodos considers how Manchester and Philadelphia have confronted problems of globalization over the past two centuries. This thought-provoking, comparative look at these cities examines their histories, economies, migration patterns, cultural innovations, transportation planning, and self-identities. Hodos demonstrates not just how the two cities are positioned in global flows of capital, go

This paper's core argument is that we should start creating theories that encompass different cities and include them in a more flexible and relational comparative framework. This must include a new urban terminology which does not continue the all-too-fashionable labelling of cities on a continuum between first world and third world, global North-West and South-East or as I emphasize below, including what have been labelled extremely contested cities in a more flexible and relational ordinary cities framework. To introduce such a comparative approach, I will examine Jerusalem and Stockholm via three contrastive and relational patterns: institutional segregation; urban violence; and non-governmental organization involvement in planning. In so doing, I point towards the necessity to open up research on extreme urban conflicts, suggesting that when assessing specific contextual patterns, those labelled as extremely contested cities (such as Jerusalem) share more similarities with other more ordinary cities (represented by Stockholm) than was previously perceived, often stemming from ethnic, racial and class conflicts revolving around issues of politics, culture and identity, among others.